scholarly journals MOF catalysts in biomass upgrading towards value-added fine chemicals

CrystEngComm ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (29) ◽  
pp. 4092-4117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Herbst ◽  
Christoph Janiak
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Biomass Transformation

The development of new synthetic routes from biomass sources towards already existing molecules, which are then called bio-based molecules, or the transformation of biomass into new building blocks and materials will be of great impact. This review presents a critical comparison between MOFs and other catalysts (e.g. zeolites) for biomass transformation.

scholarly journals 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in Organic Synthesis: A Review of its Recent Applications Towards Fine Chemicals

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weigang Fan ◽  
Charlie Verrier ◽  
Yves Queneau ◽  
Florence Popowycz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Bulk Chemicals ◽  
Platform Chemical ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Furandicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Simple Molecules

Background: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a biomass-derived platform chemical, which can be produced from carbohydrates. In the past decades, 5- HMF has received tremendous attention because of its wide applications in the production of various value-added chemicals, materials and biofuels. The manufacture and the catalytic conversion of 5-HMF to simple industrially-important bulk chemicals have been well reviewed. However, employing 5-HMF as a building block in organic synthesis has never been summarized exclusively, despite the rapid development in this area. Objective: The aim of this review is to bring a fresh perspective on the use of 5-HMF in organic synthesis, to the exclusion of already well documented conversion of 5-HMF towards relatively simple molecules such as 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2,5-dimethylfuran and so on notably used as monomers or biofuels. Conclusion: As it has been shown throughout this review, 5-HMF has been the object of numerous studies on its use in fine chemical synthesis. Thanks to the presence of different functional groups on this platform chemical, it proved to be an excellent starting material for the preparation of various fine chemicals. The use of this C-6 synthon in novel synthetic routes is appealing, as it allows the incorporation of renewable carbonsources into the final targets.

Development of Strategies for Glycopeptide Synthesis: An Overview on the Glycosidic Linkage

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 2475-2497
Author(s):  
Andrea Verónica Rodríguez-Mayor ◽  
German Jesid Peralta-Camacho ◽  
Karen Johanna Cárdenas-Martínez ◽  
Javier Eduardo García-Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Phase Synthesis ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Biological Sources ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Use

Glycoproteins and glycopeptides are an interesting focus of research, because of their potential use as therapeutic agents, since they are related to carbohydrate-carbohydrate, carbohydrate-protein, and carbohydrate-lipid interactions, which are commonly involved in biological processes. It has been established that natural glycoconjugates could be an important source of templates for the design and development of molecules with therapeutic applications. However, isolating large quantities of glycoconjugates from biological sources with the required purity is extremely complex, because these molecules are found in heterogeneous environments and in very low concentrations. As an alternative to solving this problem, the chemical synthesis of glycoconjugates has been developed. In this context, several methods for the synthesis of glycopeptides in solution and/or solid-phase have been reported. In most of these methods, glycosylated amino acid derivatives are used as building blocks for both solution and solid-phase synthesis. The synthetic viability of glycoconjugates is a critical parameter for allowing their use as drugs to mitigate the impact of microbial resistance and/or cancer. However, the chemical synthesis of glycoconjugates is a challenge, because these molecules possess multiple reaction sites and have a very specific stereochemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to design and implement synthetic routes, which may involve various protection schemes but can be stereoselective, environmentally friendly, and high-yielding. This review focuses on glycopeptide synthesis by recapitulating the progress made over the last 15 years.

scholarly journals 1,3-Diketone Calix[4]arene Derivatives—A New Type of Versatile Ligands for Metal Complexes and Nanoparticles

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1214
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Podyachev ◽  
Rustem R. Zairov ◽  
Asiya R. Mustafina
Keyword(s):  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Arene Ligands ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
New Type ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The present review is aimed at highlighting outlooks for cyclophanic 1,3-diketones as a new type of versatile ligands and building blocks of the nanomaterial for sensing and bioimaging. Thus, the main synthetic routes for achieving the structural diversity of cyclophanic 1,3-diketones are discussed. The structural diversity is demonstrated by variation of both cyclophanic backbones (calix[4]arene, calix[4]resorcinarene and thiacalix[4]arene) and embedding of different substituents onto lower or upper macrocyclic rims. The structural features of the cyclophanic 1,3-diketones are correlated with their ability to form lanthanide complexes exhibiting both lanthanide-centered luminescence and magnetic relaxivity parameters convenient for contrast effect in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The revealed structure–property relationships and the applicability of facile one-pot transformation of the complexes to hydrophilic nanoparticles demonstrates the advantages of 1,3-diketone calix[4]arene ligands and their complexes in developing of nanomaterials for sensing and bioimaging.

scholarly journals Thermophilic Degradation of Hemicellulose, a Critical Feedstock in the Production of Bioenergy and Other Value-Added Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Cann ◽  
Gabriel V. Pereira ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Hamid ◽  
Heejin Kim ◽  
Daniel Wefers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Renewable Fuels ◽  
Microbial Enzymes

ABSTRACT Renewable fuels have gained importance as the world moves toward diversifying its energy portfolio. A critical step in the biomass-to-bioenergy initiative is deconstruction of plant cell wall polysaccharides to their unit sugars for subsequent fermentation to fuels. To acquire carbon and energy for their metabolic processes, diverse microorganisms have evolved genes encoding enzymes that depolymerize polysaccharides to their carbon/energy-rich building blocks. The microbial enzymes mostly target the energy present in cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin, three major forms of energy storage in plants. In the effort to develop bioenergy as an alternative to fossil fuel, a common strategy is to harness microbial enzymes to hydrolyze cellulose to glucose for fermentation to fuels. However, the conversion of plant biomass to renewable fuels will require both cellulose and hemicellulose, the two largest components of the plant cell wall, as feedstock to improve economic feasibility. Here, we explore the enzymes and strategies evolved by two well-studied bacteria to depolymerize the hemicelluloses xylan/arabinoxylan and mannan. The sets of enzymes, in addition to their applications in biofuels and value-added chemical production, have utility in animal feed enzymes, a rapidly developing industry with potential to minimize adverse impacts of animal agriculture on the environment.

Bringing It All Together (Data Mining on an Enterprise Level)

2001 ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Stephan Kudyba ◽  
Richard Hoptroff
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
Business User

Up to now we have presented the fundamental building blocks to understanding the concept of data mining and addressed the prevailing applications within the corporate environment including both the “brick and mortar” style and e-commerce spectrums. The process does not stop here however. In order to implement mining on an enterprise basis, firms must overcome some potentially serious obstacles and address key issues. The more complex nature of data mining generally limits its use to a smaller population of individuals in a given firm, (although this is not always the case). Because of this, a common drawback to the process of effective Mining is the communication of value-added model results to corresponding users of this information. Just as there exists a gap between IT personnel, (those who know the technical side of systems) and the business user, (those who require IT systems to help solve their problems), there also exists a communication gap between the “data miners” and those who need to apply the resulting models to help solve their business problem. Other issues which must be considered before implementing an organization wide mining approach entails the development of total mining solutions instead of limiting applications to a few business problems. Decision makers must also avoid the trap of relying too heavily on mining results and must remember that these models are not crystal ball providers of perfect knowledge. Because of this, they must therefore monitor actual business performance against projected measures to maintain model effectiveness and accuracy.

scholarly journals A Case of Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE): Biodegradation of Furfural by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Isabel Igeño ◽  
Daniel Macias ◽  
Rafael Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution ◽  
Pseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Double Recombination ◽  
Lag Period

Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344 is a bacterium able to assimilate cyanide as a nitrogen source at alkaline pH. Genome sequencing of this strain allowed the detection of genes related to the utilization of furfurals as a carbon and energy source. Furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural (HMF) are byproducts of sugars production during the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Since they inhibit the yeast fermentation to obtain bioethanol from sugars, the biodegradation of these compounds has attracted certain scientific interest. P. pseudoalcaligenes was able to use furfuryl alcohol, furfural and furoic acid as carbon sources, but after a lag period of several days. Once adapted, the evolved strain (R1D) did not show any more prolonged lag phases. The transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) of R1D revealed a non-conservative punctual mutation (L261R) in BN5_2307, a member of the AraC family of activators, modifying the charge of the HTH region of the protein. The inactivation of the mutated gene in the evolved strain by double recombination reverted to the original phenotype. Although the bacterium did not assimilate HMF, it transformed it into value-added building blocks for the chemical industry. These results could be used to improve the production of cost-effective second-generation biofuels from agricultural wastes.

scholarly journals Value-Added Bio-Chemicals Commodities from Catalytic Conversion of Biomass Derived Furan-Compounds

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 895
Author(s):  
Aitziber Iriondo ◽  
Ion Agirre ◽  
Nerea Viar ◽  
Jesús Requies
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Forestry Residues ◽  
Industry Needs ◽  
Near Future

The depletion of fossil resources in the near future and the need to decrease greenhouse gas emissions lead to the investigation of using alternative renewable resources as raw materials. One of the most promising options is the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (like forestry residues) into bioenergy, biofuels and biochemicals. Among these products, the production of intermediate biochemicals has become an important goal since the petrochemical industry needs to find sustainable alternatives. In this way, the chemical industry competitiveness could be improved as bioproducts have a great potential market. Thus, the main objective of this review is to describe the production processes under study (reaction conditions, type of catalysts, solvents, etc.) of some promising intermediate biochemicals, such as; alcohols (1,2,6-hexanetriol, 1,6-hexanetriol and pentanediols (1,2 and 1,5-pentanediol)), maleic anhydride and 5-alkoxymethylfuran. These compounds can be produced using 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and/or furfural, which they both are considered one of the main biomass derived building blocks.

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