Effects of tensile strain on the peculiarities of PEO penetration into the nanoporous structure of PET deformed via the crazing mechanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 9396-9404 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Rukhlya ◽  
L. M. Yarysheva ◽  
A. L. Volynskii ◽  
N. F. Bakeev
Keyword(s):  
Porous Structure ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Highly Dispersed ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Solvent Crazing

Solvent crazing involves the development of a highly dispersed fibrillar-porous structure with dimensions of pores and craze fibrils of about 2–20 nm, and crazing by itself can be treated as a universal method for the development of nanoscale porosity.

Formation of Anodic Oxide Nanotubes in H2O2 - Fluoride Ethylene Glycol Electrolyte as Template for Electrodeposition of α-Fe2O3

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainovia Lockman ◽  
Dede Miftahul Anwar ◽  
Monna Rozana ◽  
Syahriza Ismail ◽  
Ehsan Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Anodic Oxidation ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Anodic Oxide ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
20 Nm

Anodic oxidation of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr) and niobium (Nb) foils in fluoride ethylene glycol (EG) added to it 1 H2O2 as oxidant was done to produce oxide film with nanostructures at 40 V. Whilst arrays of aligned nanotubes were successfully formed on the surface of Ti and Zr respectively, anodic Nb2O5 was found to consist of nanoporous structure with pore size of ~ 20 nm. Despite long nanotubes were formed on both Ti (2 μm) and Zr (3 μm), the surface of the nanotubes suffered from severe dissolution, thinning the wall and collapsing them. Well defined, ordered surface structure of the nanotubes is required as they will be used as template for subsequent deposition of nanoparticles. This was achieved when Ti anodised in 5 ml H2O2 fluoride EG. With excess H2O2 etching at the surface occur more uniformly forming homogenous surface structure. α-Fe2O3 were then electrodeposited on this surface at-3 V from chloride solution and the mode of formation is believed to be due to electrogeneration of base at the surface of the TiO2.

scholarly journals Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Structure, optical and Electronic Properties of \(\text{TiO}_{2}\) Made by Thermal Treatment of \(\text{Ti}\)

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Dang Tran Chien ◽  
Pham Duy Long
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uv Illumination ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Nanoparticle Structure ◽  
20 Nm

In this work, TiO\(_{2}\) nanocrystalline thin films were obtained through evaporating Ti films by Electron Beam Deposition (EBD) followed by thermal treatment. The deposition speed of Ti thin fims was carried out at 0.15 nm/s and 1 nm/s. The results show that after annealing at 450\(^\circ\)C for 8 h, the obtained TiO\(_{2}\) thin films have nanoparticle structure with grain size of 20 nm for the Ti thin film deposited at the rate of 1nm/s, whereas at the a deposition rate of 0.15 nm/s, the TiO\(_{2}\) has a nanorod structure with the rod length of 300 -- 400 nm. At 700\(^\circ\)C for 8 h, the rutile phase was formed. At annealing temperature of 450\(^\circ\)C, all the samples are close to the stress free TiO\(_{2}\). The band gap of TiO\(_{2}\) thin films decreased with annealing temperature in both doposition rate of Ti thin films. The response of the films annealed at 450\(^\circ\)C presented a faster rise and fall in photocurrent under UV illumination on and off interval. Nanoporous structure TiO\(_{2}\) shows photoelectronic property better than that of nanorod structure. The obtained TiO\(_{2}\) films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The TiO\(_{2}\) films were used in a photo-electrochemical (PEC) cell as a working electrode and a platinum electrode as a counter electrode. The electrolyte solution contains 1 M KCl and 0.1 M Na\(_{2}\)S.

ITO/Poly-3-Methylaniline/Au Electrode for Electrochemical Water Splitting and Dye Removal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Adel A. Abdelazeez ◽  
Gehad Abd El-Fatah ◽  
Mohamed Shaban ◽  
Ashour M. Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Rabia
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Size ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Electrochemical Polymerization ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
Aniline Derivative ◽  
H2 Generation ◽  
Ito Glass ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Red Dye ◽  
20 Nm

Abstract Application of aniline derivative semiconductor nanopolymer and its Au composite for H2 generation and dye removal were investigated. Electrochemical polymerization of poly-3-methylaniline (P3MA) on ITO glass was carried out for acid medium. Au nanoparticles with crystal sizes of 15 and 30 nm were sputter coated on the surface. Chemical structure of the polymer and its composite was characterized using FTIR, XRD, 1HNMR, SEM, and UV-Vis. All function groups were confirmed using FTIR analyses. XRD confirmed the formation of nanopolymer with a crystal size of ~15 nm. SEM confirmed the formation of smooth lamellar surface feature with a <20 nm nanoporous structure. Porosity and particle sizes increases with Au coating, confirmed using the modeling Image J program. Optical analysis also demonstrated that the strength of P3MA absorption peaks increases with rising Au coating time, in which the bandgap values changed from 1.64 to 1.63 eV for 15 and 30 nm Au, respectively. The photoelectrode ITO/PMT/30 nm Au was applied for H2 generation and dye removal. The current density (Jph) values were -0.3 and -1.6 mA.cm-2 in the absence and presence of the Congo red dye, respectively. The incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE%) for the electrode was 2.3 at 390 nm. The activation energy (Ea) was 31.49 KJ mol-1. The enthalpy (∆H*) and entropy (∆S*) values were 114.49 and 160.46 JK-1 mol-1, respectively. A simple mechanism for the H2 generation and dye removal is mentioned

A universal approach to the preparation of colloidal mesoporous platinum nanoparticles with controlled particle sizes in a wide range from 20 nm to 200 nm

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 8787-8790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiling Li ◽  
Masataka Imura ◽  
Yusuke Yamauchi
Keyword(s):  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Universal Approach ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Mesoporous Platinum

We report a universal method for the preparation of mesoporous Pt nanoparticles with tunable particle sizes by changing the surfactant concentration.

In situ formed graphene/ZnO nanostructured composites for low temperature hydrogen sulfide removal from natural gas

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (84) ◽  
pp. 81142-81150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil P. Lonkar ◽  
Vishnu Pillai ◽  
Ahmed Abdala ◽  
Vikas Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Nanostructured Composites ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide Removal ◽  
Highly Dispersed ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
20 Nm

Nanostructured composites of graphene and highly dispersed sub-20 nm sized ZnO nanoparticles (TRGZ) were prepared via a novel method combining freeze-drying and thermal annealing.

scholarly journals Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 3013-3024
Author(s):  
Markus Gößler ◽  
Eva-Maria Steyskal ◽  
Markus Stütz ◽  
Norbert Enzinger ◽  
Roland Würschum
Keyword(s):  
Internal Stress ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Plasticity Mechanism ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
External Forces ◽  
20 Nm

The mechanical strain response of nanoporous palladium (npPd) upon electrochemical hydrogenation using an in situ dilatometric technique is investigated. NpPd with an average ligament diameter of approximately 20 nm is produced via electrochemical dealloying. A hydrogen-induced phase transition from PdHβ to PdHα is found to enable internal-stress plasticity (or transformation-mismatch plasticity) in nanoporous palladium, which leads to exceptionally high strains without fracture as a result of external forces. The high surface stress in the nanoporous structure in combination with the internal-stress plasticity mechanism leads to a peculiar strain response upon hydrogen sorption and desorption. Critical potentials for the formation of PdHα and PdHβ in npPd are determined. The theoretical concepts to assess the plastic strain response of nanoporous samples are elucidated, taking into account characteristics of structure and deformation mechanism.

The effect of annealing on a highly dispersed porous structure, formed in isotactic polypropylene under deformation

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Yefimov ◽  
V.M. Bulayev ◽  
A.N. Ozerin ◽  
A.V. Rebrov ◽  
Yu. Godovskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Structure ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Highly Dispersed

Influence of Wood Flour Additive on Porous Structure and Strength Properties of Moulded Alumina

2015 ◽  
Vol 670 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Bugrova ◽  
Anastasia Tatarkina ◽  
Ilya Zhukov ◽  
Grigory Mamontov
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Porous Catalyst ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Granule Strength ◽  
20 Nm

The moulded Al2O3 materials prepared by mixing of thermochemically activated aluminum trihydroxide (TCA ATH) with wood flour were proposed to be used as promising porous catalyst support for various processes. A series of Al2O3 supports with different wood flour loading (0, 2 and 5 %wt.) were studied by SEM, low-temperature N2 sorption, XRD, granule strength and water-absorbing capacity. It was shown that supports were characterized by porous structure with mesopore sizes of 2-20 nm and specific surface area of 159-186 m2/g. The increase of the amount of wood flour leads to increase of the share of pore volume with wider than 10 nm and the decrease of the strength of alumina granules. Thus, optimization of preparation conditions allows obtaining alumina materials with desired porous structure.

scholarly journals Modeling of Forming a Nanoporous Structure of Carbon Materials for Electrodes of Electrochemical Capacitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
B.K. Ostafiychuk ◽  
Z.M. Lyubun ◽  
R.P. Lisovskiy ◽  
M.I. Moiseienko ◽  
B.I. Rachiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
Double Layer Capacitors ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon Materials

The paper presents the results of predicting the physical properties of nanoporous carbon materials during synthesis with their subsequent use as an electrode material for electric double-layer capacitors. It has been established a multilayer neural network can be used to predict the sorption properties of nanoporous carbon materials. A multilayer neural network confirms the experimental dependences of the characteristics of nanoporous carbon materials porous structure on the technological conditions of its obtaining.

Influence of Zirconium Hydrophosphate Nanoparticles on Porous Structure and Sorption Capacity of the Composites Based on Ion Exchange Resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Dzyazko ◽  
◽  
Ludmila Ponomarova ◽  
Yurii Volfkovich ◽  
Valentina Tsirina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Inorganic Composites ◽  
Nanoparticle Aggregates ◽  
Zirconium Hydrophosphate ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Acidic Resin

Evolution of swelling of gel-like strongly acidic resin and organic-inorganic composites based on this ion-exchanger was investigated. Non-aggregated nanoparticles of zirconium hydrophosphate were found to provide size invariability of the polymer pores, which contain functional groups (up to 20 nm), the nanoparticle aggregates squeeze these pores (down to 3 nm). Owing to this, the nanocomposite shows higher break-through capacity during removal of Ni2+ from water, than the sample modified only with aggregates.

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