Nonideal effects in electroacoustics of solutions of charged particles: combined experimental and theoretical analysis from simple electrolytes to small nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 11779-11789 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pusset ◽  
S. Gourdin-Bertin ◽  
E. Dubois ◽  
J. Chevalet ◽  
G. Mériguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ultrasonic Wave ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Adjustable Parameter ◽  
Electric Signal ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Small Nanoparticles

The electric signal induced by an ultrasonic wave in aqueous solutions of charged species is measured and modeled without any adjustable parameter.

Ultrasonic wave spectroscopy study of sugar oligomers and polysaccharides in aqueous solutions: The hydration length concept

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasia Aeberhardt ◽  
Jean-Yves de Saint Laumer ◽  
Pierre-Etienne Bouquerand ◽  
Valéry Normand
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ultrasonic Wave ◽  
Spectroscopy Study

Nonconventional Machining Based on Electrical Charged Particles Motion in Liquid

2014 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 316-320
Author(s):  
Laurenţiu Slătineanu ◽  
Margareta Coteaţă ◽  
Irina Beşliu ◽  
Geo Caracaş ◽  
Gheorghe Bosoancă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Electrochemical Machining ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
The Common ◽  
Insulating Properties

<p class="TTPAbstract">Nonconventional machining methods are based on the transfer of the energy to the work zone in ways distinct from those applied in the case of the so-called classical machining methods. A group of nonconventional machining methods achieve material removal from workpiece by using the motion of the electrical charged particles in a liquid. Practically, some machining techniques included in the larger groups of electrical discharge machining and in electrochemical machining are based on the motion of electrical charged particles in fluid. The problem addressed in this paper is to identify the zones where differences between the two groups of machining methods appear. A theoretical analysis was developed in order to identify the common aspects and respectively the differences between the electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining, if the machining liquid is considered. Some experimental tests were developed to highlight aspects specific to the above mentioned machining techniques. The research facilitated obtaining a more complete image of some common and distinct characteristics of electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining. The significance of the electroconductive or insulating properties of the work liquid was highlighted.<o:p></o:p></p>

Kinetics of nonhomogeneous chemical processes in tracks of high-energy charged particles

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 858-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Coulomb Field ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transient Species ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Solvent Molecules ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Initial Spatial Distribution

High-energy charged particles, when slowing down in a molecular medium, lose their energy by electronic excitations and ionizations of molecules along their paths. If the secondary electrons that are formed as a result of the ionizations have sufficient energy, they give rise to further excitations and ionizations. In this way tracks of excited states, positive ions, and electrons are formed. The spatial distribution of the species initially formed in the track will change in time owing to diffusion; the charged species will also drift in each other's Coulomb field. In nonpolar systems the range of the Coulomb forces is very large (30 nm) and neutralization of the oppositely charged species in the track is a dominant process, which in turn leads to formation of excited molecules that generally decompose into reactive fragments. In polar liquids, like water, neutralization is less prevalent and a relatively large fraction of the charged species escapes from the Coulombic attraction. The transient species formed may react with one another and with molecules of the medium, either solvent molecules or solute molecules. The probability of the occurrence of these reactions depends on the initial spatial distribution of the reactive species in the track. The present state of the theory of the kinetics of the nonhomogeneous processes in tracks of high-energy charged particles, which relates the initial spatial distribution of the transient species in the track to the various experimental observables, will be discussed.

scholarly journals Applied aspects of acid-base interactions and modelling equilibrium concentrations in two-component acid mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-400
Author(s):  
B. B. Tanganov
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
Develop Model ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Ionic Product ◽  
Weak Electrolytes ◽  
Equilibrium Concentrations

Fundamental and applied research into aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of strong and weak electrolytes remains to be highly relevant, which fact is confirmed by a large number of Russian and foreign publications. In almost all such publications, acid-base interactions are considered exclusively with regard to changes in hydrogen ion concentrations. However, the ionic strength of solutions is determined by all ions present in the system, the concentration of which varies during interactions. This is particularly true for potentiometric titration of strong and weak electrolytes not only in aqueous, but also in more complex non-aqueous solutions, which differ significantly in their basic properties (dielectric constant, ionic product, dipole moment, viscosity, etc.). In the study of equilibria, it is more feasible to develop model representations that would greatly simplify and facilitate the computation and evaluation of certain properties of the system under consideration. In this work, acid-base interactions are presented in the form of equations based on mass action laws and those describing equilibrium processes, solvent ionic product, electroneutrality and material balance in electrolyte systems. The proposed equations consider the effect of the concentrations of all charged particles in the system (not only of hydrogen ions – pH) on the ionic strength of the solution, activity coefficients and, as a consequence, the thermodynamic dissociation constant. In addition, these equations allow the dependence between the equilibrium concentrations of all charged particles and the solution acidity determined by the potentiometric method to be expressed in convenient and objective logarithmic coordinates, thus facilitating estimation of the concentration of all particles at any moment of titration.

Design Aspects and Simulations of a Modified Micro-Scale Electrophoretron

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Elmajdoub ◽  
Dimitris E. Nikitopoulos ◽  
Steven A. Soper ◽  
Michael C. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Electrokinetic Flow ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Flow Phenomena

This paper presents theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of a modified micro-scale electrophoretron previously realized on the macro-scale by Choi et al. (2001)1 and adapted here for cycling reaction applications (e.g. PCR, LDR). A window of operation in the device's design parameter space is determined using simple analytical solutions for electrokinetic flow with induced pressure gradients. Numerical simulations, including the effect of bends, electrodes and surface property discontinuities as pertinent to a physical implementation of the device, verify the expected behavior in a rectangular channel loop. The numerical results are used to provide insights to flow phenomena influencing the operation of the device and the dispersion of charged species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document