One-post patterning of multiple protein gradients using a low-cost flash foam stamp

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (99) ◽  
pp. 17588-17591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Yu ◽  
Qiong Chen ◽  
Yun Li Tian ◽  
An Xiu Gao ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molecular Patterning ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Multiple Protein ◽  
Protein Gradients

Versatile chemical and biological inks were printed using a cost-effective flash foam stamp (FFS) for one-post patterning of multiple protein gradients, demonstrating an accessible solution for resource-limited laboratories conducting molecular patterning experiments.

Plastic Soda Bottles: A Reusable Material for Making Transradial Sockets

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeongchi Wu ◽  
Hector R. Casanova ◽  
Andrea J. Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Hand Prosthesis ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Resource Limited

This paper describes a new fabrication process for making low-cost transradial sockets using recyclable plastic soda bottles. Easy, fast, and inexpensive to fabricate, the resulting socket can be used as a temporary device for stump care. Multiple sockets can be made and individually incorporated with various terminal devices for light-duty self-care or functional activities, such as feeding, showering, typing, swimming, or gardening. The formed socket is lightweight and also suitable for use with a cosmetic passive hand prosthesis. This process has been developed as a potential cost-effective assistive technology appropriate for individuals with transradial amputation in resource-limited countries.

scholarly journals Neonatal innovations in resource-limited settings

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Neha Agarwal ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Girish Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Care Technology ◽  
Year 2000

In the year 2000, Millennium Declaration was signed by the world leaders to reduce the under-5 mortality rate by two-thirds from the baseline figure in 1990. Millennium Development Goal 4 was replaced by the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) in 2015. Reduction in the neonatal mortality, which accounts for majority of the deaths in children under the age of 5 years, was an imminent goal of SDG. Despite these initiatives, the current trends in neonatal mortality are far away from the expected targets. To curb the rate of neonatal mortality, the neonatal services are expanding in India at a rapid pace. To bridge the gap between the availability and accessibility to the health care technology between the developed and developing countries, the current focus is toward the development of low-cost and effective technological innovations in neonatal care and ensuring their patenting and effective publicity. This should facilitate the translation of innovations into mass production and availability for practice with significant effect in low- and middle-income countries. Generation of evidence will increase the acceptability of these innovations by demonstrating their benefit over the currently available technologies. Fortuitously, India has developed many innovations in the neonatal health care. However, majority of the neonatologists are still unaware of the existing technological solutions, and the ways to optimally utilize them. This review is, therefore, an attempt to recognize such low-cost, effective, and sustainable innovations done in the field of neonatology, over the past few decades.

scholarly journals Comparison of four low-cost carbapenemase detection tests and a proposal of an algorithm for early detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in resource-limited settings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245290
Author(s):  
Wirittamulla Gamage Maheshika Kumudunie ◽  
Lakmini Inoka Wijesooriya ◽  
Yasanandana Supunsiri Wijayasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Better Than

Rapidly progressing antibiotic resistance is a great challenge in therapy. In particular, the infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are exceedingly difficult to treat. Carbapenemase production is the predominant mechanism of resistance in CRE. Early and accurate identification of carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CP-CRE) is extremely important for the treatment and prevention of such infections. In the present study, four phenotypic carbapenemase detection tests were compared and an algorithm was developed for rapid and cost-effective identification of CP-CRE. A total of 117 Enterobacteriaceae (54 CP-CRE, 3 non-CP-CRE, and 60 non-CRE) isolates were tested for carbapenemase production using modified Hodge test (MHT), modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), Carba NP test (CNPt), and CNPt-direct test. The overall sensitivity/specificity values were 90.7%/92.1% for MHT, 100%/100% for mCIM, 75.9%/100% for CNPt, and 83.3%/100% for CNPt-direct. OXA-48-like enzymes were detected with 93.2% sensitivity by MHT and >77.3% sensitivity by two Carba NP tests. MHT could only detect half of the NDM carbapenemase producers. CNPt-direct exhibited enhanced sensitivity compared to CNPt (100% vs 25%) for detection of NDM producers. Considering these findings we propose CNPt-direct as the first test followed by mCIM for rapid detection of CP-CRE. With this algorithm >80% of the CP-CRE could be detected within 24 hours from the time the sample is received and 100% CP-CRE could be detected in day two. In conclusion, mCIM was the most sensitive assay for the identification of CP-CRE. CNPt-direct performed better than CNPt. An algorithm consisting CNPt-direct and mCIM allows rapid and reliable detection of carbapenemase production in resource-limited settings.

Sustainable Development: A Below-Knee Prostheses Liner for Resource Limited Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Sasaki ◽  
Gary Guerra ◽  
Jutima Rattanakoch ◽  
Yusuke Miyata ◽  
Sharmila Suntharalingam
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Ethyl Vinyl ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Resource Limited

Abstract This research sought to develop a fabricable prosthetic liner that could be fabricable, intuitive, and a cost-effective means of providing advanced prosthetics in developing settings. An affordable ethyl-vinyl-acetate roll-on (AERO) liner for permitting a total surface bearing suction socket design was created and provided to a single participant for in vivo outcome measurements. The liner was fabricated from locally produced low-density ethyl-vinyl-acetate (EVA) foam. A liner fabrication process was developed and described, and one participant was provided 3 mm and 6 mm AERO liner variants for outcome evaluations. Six-minute walk test, residual limb temperature, and socket comfort score (SCS) while in AERO liner were collected. Thirty-day step counts of AERO liner with prosthesis and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) liner with prosthesis were collected. The results of in vivo evaluations indicate increased speed, slightly higher residuum temperature, and increased comfort of the 6 mm AERO liner. Pedometer tallied step counts for the AERO liner and TPE liner prostheses were similar. The 6 mm AERO liner provided the best comfort and function of the two thicknesses in liners, and step count data indicated that the volume of patient activity was similar to when wearing the TPE liner prosthesis. Roll-on fabricable low-cost liners offer an affordable means of providing total surface bearing suction prostheses for resource limited environments (RLE). A prosthetist or technician can use the existing skills and lab to create liners.

scholarly journals Paper-Based Airborne Bacteria Collection and DNA Extraction Kit

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Youngung Seok ◽  
Joonseok Lee ◽  
Min-Gon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Simple Application ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited

The critical risk from airborne infectious diseases, bio-weapons, and harmful bacteria is currently the highest it has ever been in human history. The requirement for monitoring airborne pathogens has gradually increased to defend against bioterrorism or prevent pandemics, especially via simple and low-cost platforms which can be applied in resource-limited settings. Here, we developed a paper-based airborne bacteria collection and DNA extraction kit suitable for simple application with minimal instruments. Airborne sample collection and DNA extraction for PCR analysis were integrated in the paper kit. We created an easy-to-use paper-based air monitoring system using 3D printing technology combined with an air pump. The operation time of the entire process, comprising air sampling, bacterial cell lysis, purification and concentration of DNA, and elution of the DNA analyte, was within 20 min. All the investigations and optimum settings were tested in a custom-designed closed cabinet system. In the fabricated cabinet system, the paper kit operated effectively at a temperature of 25–35 °C and 30–70% relative humidity for air containing 10–106 CFU Staphylococcus aureus. This paper kit could be applied for simple, rapid, and cost-effective airborne pathogen monitoring.

scholarly journals Determining the ideal prevention strategy for multidrug-resistance organisms in resource-limited countries: a cost-effectiveness analysis study

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yufeng Yuan ◽  
Likai Lin ◽  
Xiaodong Tan ◽  
Yibin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Ratio ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Resource Limited

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the most cost-effective strategy for the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in intensive care units (ICUs) in areas with limited health resources. The study was conducted in 12 ICUs of four hospitals. The total cost for the prevention of MDROs and the secondary attack rate (SAR) of MDROs for each strategy were collected retrospectively from 2046 subjects from January to December 2017. The average cost-effectiveness ratio (CER), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and cost-effectiveness acceptability curve were calculated. Hand hygiene (HH) had the lowest total cost (2149.6 RMB) and SAR of MDROs (8.8%) while single-room isolation showed the highest cost (33 700.2 RMB) and contact isolation had the highest SAR of MDROs (31.8%). The average cost per unit infection prevention was 24 427.8 RMB, with the HH strategy followed by the environment disinfection strategy (CER = 21 314.67). HH had the highest iterative cost effect under willingness to pay less than 2000 RMB. Due to the low cost for repeatability and obvious effectiveness, we conclude that HH is the optimal strategy for MDROs infections in ICUs in developing countries. The cost-effectiveness of the four prevention strategies provides some reference for developing countries but multiple strategies remain to be examined.

ASSESSMENT OF THE PLATELET COUNT IN THE PREGNANT WOMEN IN IGIMS, PATNA, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanwi Singh ◽  
Anshuman Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Platelet Count ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The major risk associated with low platelet count in pregnancy is the increased risk of bleeding during the childbirth or post that. There is an increased blood supply to the uterus during pregnancy and the surgical procedure requires cutting of major blood vessels. Women with thrombocytopenia are at increased risk of losing excessive blood. The risk is more in case of caesarean delivery as compared to vaginal delivery. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of the Platelet Count in the Pregnant Women in IGIMS, Patna, Bihar. The present study was planned in Department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India. The present study was planned from duration of January 2019 to June 2019. In the present study 200 pregnant females samples received for the platelet estimation were enrolled in the present study. Clinically platelet indices can be a useful screening test for early identification of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Also platelet indices can assess the prognosis of this disease in pregnant women and can be used as an effective prognostic marker because it correlates with severity of the disease. Platelet count is a simple, low cost, and rapid routine screening test. Hence the data generated from the present study concludes that platelet count can be used as a simple and cost effective tool to monitor the progression of preeclampsia, thereby preventing complications to develop during the gestational period. Keywords: Platelet Count, Pregnant Women, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, etc.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

Motivating Compliance: Firm Response to Mandatory Disclosure Policies

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-119
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Boland ◽  
Chris E. Hogan ◽  
Marilyn F. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regulated Firms ◽  
Firm Response ◽  
Disclosure Rules ◽  
The Impact

SYNOPSIS Mandatory existence disclosure rules require an organization to disclose a policy's existence, but not its content. We examine policy adoption frequencies in the year immediately after the IRS required mandatory existence disclosure by nonprofits of various governance policies. We also examine adoption frequencies in the year of the subsequent change from mandatory existence disclosure to a disclose-and-explain regime that required supplemental disclosures about the content and implementation of conflict of interest policies. Our results suggest that in areas where there is unclear regulatory authority, mandatory existence disclosure is an effective and low cost regulatory device for encouraging the adoption of policies desired by regulators, provided those policies are cost-effective for regulated firms to implement. In addition, we find that disclose-and-explain regulatory regimes provide stronger incentives for policy adoption than do mandatory existence disclosure regimes and also discourage “check the box” behavior. Future research should examine the impact of mandatory existence disclosure rules in the year that the regulation is implemented. Data Availability: Data are available from sources cited in the text.

scholarly journals Validation of a point-of-care rapid diagnostic test for hepatitis C for use in resource-limited settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
James S Leathers ◽  
Maria Belen Pisano ◽  
Viviana Re ◽  
Gertine van Oord ◽  
Amir Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals has enabled the discussion of HCV eradication worldwide. Envisioning this aim requires implementation of mass screening in resource-limited areas, usually constrained by testing costs. Methods We validated a low-cost, rapid diagnosis test (RDT) for HCV in three different continents in 141 individuals. Results The HCV RDT showed 100% specificity and sensitivity across different samples regardless of genotype or viral load (in samples with such information, 90%). Conclusions The HCV test validated in this study can allow for HCV screening in areas of need when properly used.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document