scholarly journals [N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone][C1–C4 carboxylic acid]: a novel solvent system with exceptional lignin solubility

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (70) ◽  
pp. 13554-13557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Mu ◽  
Yijun Shi ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Tuo Ji ◽  
Ruixia Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Solvent Systems

Novel solvent systems composed of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and carboxylic acid outperform the conventional solvents and ionic liquids in lignin dissolution capability.

Molecular Dynamics Study of Candida rugosa Lipase in Water, Methanol, and Pyridinium Based Ionic Liquids

2021 ◽  
Vol 874 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Oktavianus Hendra Cipta ◽  
Anita Alni ◽  
Rukman Hertadi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
To Come

The structure of Candida rugosa lipase can be affected by solvents used in the enzymatic reactions. Using molecular dynamics simulation as a tool to study the Candida rugosa lipase structure, we studied the effect of various solvent systems, such as water, water-methanol, and water-methanol-ionic liquid. These solvent systems have been chosen because lipase is able to function in both aqueous and non-aqueous medium. In this study, pyridinium (Py)-based ionic liquids were selected as co-solvent. The MD simulation was run for 50 nanoseconds for each solvent system at 328 K. In the case of water-methanol-ionic liquids solvent systems, the total number of the ionic liquids added were varied: 222, 444, and 888 molecules. Water was used as the reference solvent system. The structure of Candida rugosa lipase in water-methanol system significantly changed from the initial structure as indicated by the RMSD value, which was about 6.4 Å after 50 ns simulation. This value was relatively higher compared to the other water-methanol solvent system containing ionic liquid as co-solvent, which were 2.43 Å for 4Py-Br, 2.1 Å for 8Py-Br, 3.37 Å for 4Py-BF4 and 3.49 Å for 8Py-BF4 respectively. Further analysis by calculating the root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) of each lipase residue found that the presence of ionic liquids could reduce changes in the enzyme structure. This happened because the anion component of the ionic liquid interacts relatively more strongly with residues on the surface of the protein as compared to methanol, thereby lowering the possibility of methanol to come into contact with the protein.

scholarly journals Development of a New Binary Solvent System Using Ionic Liquids as Additives to Improve Rotenone Extraction Yield from MalaysiaDerrissp.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zetty Shafiqa Othman ◽  
Nur Hasyareeda Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Rahimi Yusop ◽  
Saiful Irwan Zubairi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
System Combination ◽  
Exhaustive Extraction ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Phytochemical Extraction

Rotenone is one of the prominent insecticidal isoflavonoid compounds which can be isolated from the extract ofDerrissp. plant. Despite being an effective compound in exterminating pests in a minute concentration, procuring a significant amount of rotenone in the extracts for commercialized biopesticides purposes is a challenge to be attained. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the best ionic liquid (IL) which gives the highest yield of rotenone. The normal soaking extraction (NSE) method was carried out for 24 hrs using five different types of binary solvent systems comprising a combination of acetone and five respective ionic liquids (ILs) of (1) [BMIM] Cl; (2) [BMIM] OAc; (3) [BMIM] NTf2; (4) [BMIM] OTf; and (5) [BMPy] Cl. Next, the yield of rotenone, % (w/w), and its concentration (mg/mL) in dried roots were quantitatively determined by means of RP-HPLC and TLC. The results showed that a binary solvent system of [BMIM] OTf + acetone was the best solvent system combination as compared to other solvent systems (P<0.05). It contributed to the highest rotenone content of 2.69 ± 0.21% (w/w) (4.04 ± 0.34 mg/mL) at 14 hrs of exhaustive extraction time. In conclusion, a combination of the ILs with a selective organic solvent has been proven to increase a significant amount of bioactive constituents in the phytochemical extraction process.

OPTIMIZATION OF THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY METHODS FOR SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS IN THEIR MIXTURE

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Daiva Kazlauskienė ◽  
Guoda Kiliuvienė ◽  
Palma Nenortienė ◽  
Giedrė Kasparavičienė ◽  
Ieva Matukaitytė
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Paroxetine Hydrochloride ◽  
Fluvoxamine Maleate ◽  
Layer Chromatography

By conducting the toxicological analysis it is meaningful to determine the analytical system that could identify simultaneously several medicinal preparations quickly and precisely. The purpose of this work was to create and validate the method of thin-layer chromatography that would be suitable to separate the components of antidepressant mixture (amitriptyline hydrochloride, paroxetine hydrochloride, sertraline hydrochloride, fluvoxamine maleate and buspirone hydrochloride) and to identify them. The system was validated with regard to the sensitivity, repetition of data, resistance and particularity. The solvent systems with potential of high separation of components in their mixture were created: acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (85:10:5); acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (75:20:5); dichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (50:45:5); dichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (42:55:3); trichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (25:70:5); trichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (60:36:4). One of the most suitable solvent systems for separation of the analyzed mixture (sertraline, amitriptyline, paroxetine, buspirone, fluvoxamine) was determined – acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (85:10:5). When this solvent system was used, the average Rf values of the analyzed compounds differed the most. Validation was conducted – the relative standard deviation (RSD, percent) of the average Rf value of the analyzed compounds varied from 0,6 to 1,8 percent and did not exceed the permissible error of 5 percent. The sensitivity of methodology was determined by assessing the intensity of the mixture’s spots on the chromatographic plate. The detection limit of buspirone was 0,0012 µg; sertraline – 0,0008 µg; amitriptyline – 0,0004 µg; fluvoxamine – 0,0004 µg; paroxetine – 0,0008 µg. The resistance of results to the changed conditions – it was determined that when the amounts of the solvents acetonitrile and methanol were increased or decreased to two milliliters, the average Rf values of the analyzed compounds did not change statistically significantly

Ultrasound-Assisted Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel in H2O2/Heteropoly Acid/Solvent System

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Xian Yu ◽  
Qian Zhong ◽  
Mei Jin ◽  
Ping Lu
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Ultrasonic Irradiation ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Heteropoly Acid ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAODS) of diesel fuel in H2O2/Heteropoly acid/Solvent systems, was investigated. Effects of solvent, catalyst, ultrasound and reaction temperature on the oxidation desulfurization of diesel fuel were investigated. When MPA/oil was 2%wt, methanol/diesel fuel was 20%wt, ultrasound power was 400 W and ultrasound time was 10 min, the sulfur content of diesel fuel was decreased from 211 ppm to 19 ppm. The use of ultrasonic irradiation in H2O2/Heteropoly acid/Solvent system significantly improved the efficiency of the oxidation reaction, and solvent was helpful to make the oxidative reaction happen in the same one phase.

Diglycolamide-Based Solvent Systems in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids for Actinide Ion Extraction: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta Kumar Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Metal Ion Extraction ◽  
Ion Extraction ◽  
Radiolytic Stability ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Functionalized Ligands

Abstract This review article gives a comprehensive account of the extraction of actinide ions using room temperature ionic liquid-based solvent systems containing diglycolamide (DGA) or functionalized DGA extractants. These extractants include multiple DGA-functionalized ligands such as tripodal DGA (T-DGA) and DGA-functionalized calix [4]arenes (C4DGA). Apart from metal ion extraction behaviour, other important features of the ionic liquid-based solvent systems such as separation behaviour, luminescence spectroscopic results, thermodynamics of extraction and radiolytic stability of the ionic liquid-based solvents are also reviewed. Results from studies on DGA-functionalized task-specific ionic liquids (TSIL) are also included in this review article.

Infrared Study of Phosphorous Oxychloride and Organophosphorus Compounds Containing the P(=O)Cl2 Group in Dilute Solvent Systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1552-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Nyquist ◽  
C. W. Puehl
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Rotational Isomer ◽  
Infrared Study ◽  
Normal Vibrations ◽  
Phosphorous Oxychloride ◽  
Solvent Systems

The present study has shown that some normal vibrations shift to lower frequency while others shift to higher frequency as the mole % of the solvent system increases. The vP=O mode for compounds containing the P(=O)Cl2 group shifts to lower frequency with increase in the mole % CHCl3/CCl4. The P=O group is believed to be complexed with the solvent system. Both the vasym.PCl2 and vsym.PCl2 modes shift to higher frequency as the mole % CHCl3/CCl4 increases. The application of IR and different solvent systems aids in assigning rotational isomer band pairs.

scholarly journals Rhodamine-Sulphuric Acid -A New Visualization Reagent for the Determination of Sucralose by HPTLC

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (s1) ◽  
pp. S559-S565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Idris ◽  
Seema Srivastava ◽  
T. R. Baggi ◽  
S. K. Shulka ◽  
A. K. Ganjoo
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Olive Green

Sucralose a UV-visible inactive compound was separated on silica gel plate without any plate treatment prior to analysis, derivatized with rhodamine - sulphuric acid reagent and detected densitometrically at 456 nm as olive green band. With this reagent sucralose also shows golden yellow fluorescence at 366 nm. Two new solvent systemsi.e. chloroform: methanol: toluene (v/v 5:3.5:1.5) (solvent system-I) and chloroform: ethanol: benzene (v/v 5:3:2) (solvent system-II) were developed and giving Rfvalues of 0.62 and 0.45 respectively. The method was found to be sensitive with good limit of detection (LOD) for two solvent systems. The method imparts specificity to the method as at 456 nm sucralose only gives olive green color spots where as other artificial sweeteners did not show any response to this reagent, where as carbohydrates gives black color spots. Similarly sucralose gives golden yellow fluorescence at 366 nm which is not given by any other artificial sweetener. The method was highly reproducible with relative standard deviation (RSD)≤3% (n=3) and was applied for the determination of sucralose in different matrices like cola drinks, lemon juices, sugar free sweets, tabletop sweeteners etc.etc.

scholarly journals Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Food Colorants from Three Morphotypes of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Hari Pada Seal ◽  
Mohammad Amdad Ali ◽  
Md Usuf Ali ◽  
Mosammat Hasina Akhter ◽  
Fowzia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Carrier Solvent ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

This article describes a simple solvent extraction method for the extraction of colorants from the three morphotypes such as, (Morphotype-1 (M1), Morphotype-2 (M2), and Morphotype- 3 (M3) of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) seeds, and their separation, vivid, and qualitative demonstration by thin-layer chromatography. Several solvent systems (hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and a mixed-solvent having composition of CHCl3/C2H5OH/CH3COOH (80:2:1)) were applied for extraction of colored components. It was observed that a large portion of colorants was extracted by chloroform. Its effluent was deep brick red in color and transparent. Furthermore, various carrier solvent systems (Benzene-Ethyl acetate) were used to separate the components from the extracts. Carrier solvent system with the ratio of 7:3 was found as superior solvent for chloroform extracts. Three colored-spots were observed for all morphotypes. Among them, the first one was yellow colored having very low polarity and the second and third spots were both redbrick colored having medium and higher polarity respectively. In addition, for M1 no colorless-spot was observed in low and medium polar systems, revealing that the amount of wax and gum were minimum in the extract and superior morphotype among the three. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v2i1.13987 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 2 (1): 7-12, June, 2012

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