Triticale crop residue: a cheap material for high performance nanofibrillated cellulose

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 3141-3151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Boufi ◽  
Alessandro Gandini
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Disintegration Process

Nanofibrillated cellulose from triticale straws were produced using high-pressure homogenization and conventional high-speed blender for the disintegration process. The energy demand for the disintegration process was shown to depend on delignification and pretreatment.

scholarly journals Cavitation patterns in high-pressure homogenization nozzles with cylindrical orifices: Influence of mixing stream in Simultaneous Homogenization and Mixing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gall ◽  
E. Rütten ◽  
H. P. Karbstein
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Process Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Back Pressure ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Unit Operation ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Cavitation Intensity ◽  
Droplet Sizes

AbstractHigh-pressure homogenization is the state of the art to produce high-quality emulsions with droplet sizes in the submicron range. In simultaneous homogenization and mixing (SHM), an additional mixing stream is inserted into a modified homogenization nozzle in order to create synergies between the unit operation homogenization and mixing. In this work, the influence of the mixing stream on cavitation patterns after a cylindrical orifice is investigated. Shadow-graphic images of the cavitation patterns were taken using a high-speed camera and an optically accessible mixing chamber. Results show that adding the mixing stream can contribute to coalescence of cavitation bubbles. Choked cavitation was observed at higher cavitation numbers σ with increasing mixing stream. The influence of the mixing stream became more significant at a higher orifice to outlet ratio, where a hydraulic flip was also observed at higher σ. The decrease of cavitation intensity with increasing back-pressure was found to be identical with conventional high-pressure homogenization. In the future, the results can be taken into account in the SHM process design to improve the efficiency of droplet break-up by preventing cavitation or at least hydraulic flip.

scholarly journals Acetylation improves thermal stability and transmittance in FOLED substrates based on nanocellulose films

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3619-3625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Yang ◽  
Qiuxia Xie ◽  
Xiuyu Liu ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Shuangfei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Homogenization Process ◽  
Softwood Pulp

Bleached softwood pulp was used to prepare nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) by mechanical grinding and a high-pressure homogenization process.

Effects of high-speed homogenization and high-pressure homogenization on structure of tomato residue fibers

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hua ◽  
Shanan Xu ◽  
Mingming Wang ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Microfibrillated Cellulose from Discarded Cotton Fibers through Catalyst Preloaded Fenton Oxidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xianmeng Xu ◽  
Ning Lu ◽  
Shunmin Wang ◽  
Mengqi Huang ◽  
Shenglong Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Cotton Cellulose ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization

With rapid developments in science and technology, mankind is faced with the dual severe challenges of obtaining needed resources and protecting the environment. The need for sustainable development strategies has become a global consensus. As the most abundant biological resource on Earth, cellulose is an inexhaustible, natural, and renewable polymer. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) offers the advantages of abundant raw materials, high strength, and good degradability. Simultaneously, MFC prepared from natural materials has high practical significance due to its potential application in nanocomposites. In this study, we reported the preparation of MFCs from discarded cotton with short fibers by a combination of Fe2+ catalyst-preloading Fenton oxidation and a high-pressure homogenization cycle method. Lignin was removed from the discarded cotton with an acetic acid and sodium chlorite mixed solution. Then, the cotton was treated with NaOH solution to obtain cotton cellulose and oxidized using Fenton oxidation to obtain Fenton-oxidized cotton cellulose. The carboxylic acid content of the oxidized cotton cellulose was 126.87 μmol/g, and the zeta potential was −43.42 mV. Then, the Fenton-oxidized cotton cellulose was treated in a high-speed blender under a high-pressure homogenization cycle to obtain the MFC with a yield of 91.58%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that cotton cellulose was effectively oxidized by Fe2+ catalyst-preloading Fenton oxidation. The diameter of the MFC ranged from several nanometers to a few micrometers as determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the crystallinity index (CrI) of the MFC was 83.52% according to X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the thermal stability of the MFC was slightly reduced compared to cotton cellulose, as seen through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The use of catalyst-preloading Fenton oxidation technology, based on the principles of microreactors, along with high-pressure homogenization, was a promising technique to prepare MFCs from discarded cotton.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of nanofibrillated cellulose from waste sugarcane bagasse by mechanical force

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6636-6647
Author(s):  
Kehong Zhang ◽  
Yuhang Su ◽  
Hui Xiao
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Mechanical Force ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Fiber Morphology ◽  
Chemical Structures

The effect of different mechanical force application methods was investigated relative to the structure and properties of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) from sugarcane bagasse. The NFC was prepared by grinding, high pressure homogenization, and ultrasonication with chemical pretreatment. Fiber morphology, crystalline, chemical structures, and tensile property were analyzed to reveal the mechanisms of NFC production behind different mechanical treatments. The results showed that compared with grinding treatment, high pressure homogenization and ultrasonic treatment can obviously increase the aspect ratio and size uniformity of NFC. Ultrasonic treatment gave the best results. The combination of grinding, high pressure homogenization, and ultrasonic treatment resulted in NFC with the average diameter of 23.18 nm. With the shearing action of grinding, high pressure homogenization, and ultrasonic treatment, the mechanical properties, crystallinity and thermal stability of NFC were gradually enhanced. This results demonstrated that a very low-value agricultural waste product can be easily converted to a high performance nanocomposite with tensile strength of 153.6 MPa and strain at break of 8.83%.

Propulsion Machinery of the “Koeln” Class Escort Frigates With Special Consideration of Gas Turbine Propulsion

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Kurzak ◽  
H. Reuter
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Design Work ◽  
High Speed Diesel ◽  
Advanced Development

The Koeln Class escort frigates represents the first larger type of vessel built for the German Federal Navy. The design work dates back as far as 1955–1956. In view of the planned operational use of the ships an extremely light construction of the propulsion machinery with a long operating range was required. Furthermore, combat safety required an appropriate space structure of the propulsion machinery. For this purpose various propulsion systems were examined at the time, e.g., steam-turbine and diesel-engine propulsion, and a comparison was made between direct and electrical output transmissions. The advanced development of gas-turbine technique in connection with the introduction of high pressure-charged, high-speed diesel engines together with the development of high-performance, variable-pitch propellers led to a design which, compared with other types of propulsion, proved to be extremely advantageous not only with regard to the standard displacement of the vessel but, because of the low fuel consumption, also to the displacement of the fully equipped ship (1, 2).

Developing a stable high-performance soybean meal-based adhesive using a simple high-pressure homogenization technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 120336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Ruiqing Shi ◽  
Yecheng Xu ◽  
Mingsong Chen ◽  
Jieyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization
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