Delineating Monascus azaphilone pigment biosynthesis: oxidoreductive modifications determine the ring cyclization pattern in azaphilone biosynthesis

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (103) ◽  
pp. 59405-59408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Bijinu ◽  
Jae-Won Suh ◽  
Si-Hyung Park ◽  
Hyung-Jin Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Pigment Biosynthesis ◽  
Azaphilone Pigment

Coordination of oxidoreductive modifications in controlling ring cyclization pattern in azaphilone biosynthesis.

Monascus azaphilone pigment biosynthesis employs a dedicated fatty acid synthase for short chain fatty acyl moieties

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijinu Balakrishnan ◽  
Hyun-Ju Kim ◽  
Jae-Won Suh ◽  
Chien-Chi Chen ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Pigment Biosynthesis ◽  
Azaphilone Pigment

Identification of a polyketide synthase gene ( pksP ) of Aspergillus fumigatus involved in conidial pigment biosynthesis and virulence

1998 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Langfelder ◽  
Bernhard Jahn ◽  
Heike Gehringer ◽  
Axel Schmidt ◽  
Gerhard Wanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene ◽  
Pigment Biosynthesis

Genetic localization and in vivo characterization of a Monascus azaphilone pigment biosynthetic gene cluster

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (14) ◽  
pp. 6337-6345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijinu Balakrishnan ◽  
Suman Karki ◽  
Shih-Hau Chiu ◽  
Hyun-Ju Kim ◽  
Jae-Won Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Genetic Localization ◽  
In Vivo Characterization ◽  
Azaphilone Pigment

scholarly journals Transcription Factor NsdD Regulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Plant Biomass-Degrading Enzymes, Conidiation, and Pigment Biosynthesis inPenicillium oxalicum

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Peng He ◽  
Shuai Zhao ◽  
Jiu-Xiang Wang ◽  
Cheng-Xi Li ◽  
Yu-Si Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Penicillium Oxalicum ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pigment Biosynthesis

ABSTRACTSoil fungi produce a wide range of chemical compounds and enzymes with potential for applications in medicine and biotechnology. Cellular processes in soil fungi are highly dependent on the regulation under environmentally induced stress, but most of the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Previous work identified a key GATA-type transcription factor,Penicillium oxalicumNsdD (PoxNsdD; also called POX08415), that regulates the expression of cellulase and xylanase genes inP. oxalicum. PoxNsdD shares 57 to 64% identity with the key activator NsdD, involved in asexual development inAspergillus. In the present study, the regulatory roles of PoxNsdD inP. oxalicumwere further explored. Comparative transcriptomic profiling revealed that PoxNsdD regulates major genes involved in starch, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation, as well as conidiation and pigment biosynthesis. Subsequent experiments confirmed that a ΔPoxNsdDstrain lost 43.9 to 78.8% of starch-digesting enzyme activity when grown on soluble corn starch, and it produced 54.9 to 146.0% more conidia than the ΔPoxKu70parental strain. During cultivation, ΔPoxNsdDcultures changed color, from pale orange to brick red, while the ΔPoxKu70cultures remained bluish white. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR showed thatPoxNsdDdynamically regulated the expression of a glucoamylase gene (POX01356/Amy15A), an α-amylase gene (POX09352/Amy13A), and a regulatory gene (POX03890/amyR), as well as a polyketide synthase gene (POX01430/alb1/wA) for yellow pigment biosynthesis and a conidiation-regulated gene (POX06534/brlA). Moreover,in vitrobinding experiments showed that PoxNsdD bound the promoter regions of the above-described genes. This work provides novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of fungal cellular processes and may assist in genetic engineering ofP.oxalicumfor potential industrial and medical applications.IMPORTANCEMost filamentous fungi produce a vast number of extracellular enzymes that are used commercially for biorefineries of plant biomass to produce biofuels and value-added chemicals, which might promote the transition to a more environmentally friendly economy. The expression of these extracellular enzyme genes is tightly controlled at the transcriptional level, which limits their yields. Hitherto our understanding of the regulation of expression of plant biomass-degrading enzyme genes in filamentous fungi has been rather limited. In the present study, regulatory roles of a key regulator, PoxNsdD, were further explored in the soil fungusPenicillium oxalicum, contributing to the understanding of gene regulation in filamentous fungi and revealing the biotechnological potential ofP.oxalicumvia genetic engineering.

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