Imaging the strain induced carbon black filler network structure breakage with nano X-ray tomography

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (97) ◽  
pp. 54500-54505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Zhou ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Jie Lu ◽  
Zeming Qi ◽  
Ningdong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Filler Network

The 3D dispersion and breakage of CB aggregates in the natural rubber matrix are obtained by TXM at stain 3.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Chloroprene/Natural/Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposite Properties Using Organoclays and Their Combination with Carbon Black as Fillers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
Patricia Castaño-Rivera ◽  
Isabel Calle-Holguín ◽  
Johanna Castaño ◽  
Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas ◽  
Karen Galvez-Garrido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber

Organoclay nanoparticles (Cloisite® C10A, Cloisite® C15) and their combination with carbon black (N330) were studied as fillers in chloroprene/natural/butadiene rubber blends to prepare nanocomposites. The effect of filler type and load on the physical mechanical properties of nanocomposites was determined and correlated with its structure, compatibility and cure properties using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and rheometric analysis. Physical mechanical properties were improved by organoclays at 5–7 phr. Nanocomposites with organoclays exhibited a remarkable increase up to 46% in abrasion resistance. The improvement in properties was attributed to good organoclay dispersion in the rubber matrix and to the compatibility between them and the chloroprene rubber. Carbon black at a 40 phr load was not the optimal concentration to interact with organoclays. The present study confirmed that organoclays can be a reinforcing filler for high performance applications in rubber nanocomposites.

scholarly journals A Green Approach for Preparing High-Loaded Sepiolite/Polymer Biocomposites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Di Credico ◽  
Irene Tagliaro ◽  
Elkid Cobani ◽  
Lucia Conzatti ◽  
Massimiliano D’Arienzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Filler Network ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Global industry is showing a great interest in the field of sustainability owing to the increased attention for ecological safety and utilization of renewable materials. For the scientific community, the challenge lies in the identification of greener synthetic approaches for reducing the environmental impact. In this context, we propose the preparation of novel biocomposites consisting of natural rubber latex (NRL) and sepiolite (Sep) fibers through the latex compounding technique (LCT), an ecofriendly approach where the filler is directly mixed with a stable elastomer colloid. This strategy favors a homogeneous dispersion of hydrophilic Sep fibers in the rubber matrix, allowing the production of high-loaded sepiolite/natural rubber (Sep/NR) without the use of surfactants. The main physicochemical parameters which control Sep aggregation processes in the aqueous medium were comprehensively investigated and a flocculation mechanism was proposed. The uniform Sep distribution in the rubber matrix, characteristic of the proposed LCT, and the percolative filler network improved the mechanical performances of Sep/NR biocomposites in comparison to those of analogous materials prepared by conventional melt-mixing. These outcomes indicate the suitability of the adopted sustainable procedure for the production of high-loaded clay–rubber nanocomposites with remarkable mechanical features.

Influence of Chemical Structure on the Dynamic Properties of Sulfur-Vulcanized, Carbon Black-Reinforced Natural Rubber

1972 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Doyle ◽  
R. E. Humphreys ◽  
R. M. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rubber Vulcanizate ◽  
Operating Temperatures

Abstract A comparison is made of the composition and properties of the different rubber vulcanizate networks obtained by varying the ratio of sulfur to sulfenamide accelerator and by the thermal aging of vulcanizates containing predominantly polysulfide crosslinks. It is concluded that the changes in network structure which can take place, for example, during the service life of natural rubber tires are not the direct cause of failures of the type associated with rubber fatigue at high temperatures. However, a reduction in the total number of crosslinks can accelerate failure by increasing the amount of heat generated during flexing. More stable networks giving improved resistance to fatigue at high operating temperatures are obtained by the use of higher ratios of accelerator to sulfur than are conventionally employed.

Thermal destruction of carbon black network structure in natural rubber vulcanizate

2011 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 1300-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kato ◽  
Toshiya Suda ◽  
Yuko Ikeda ◽  
Shinzo Kohjiya
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
Rubber Vulcanizate

scholarly journals Microalgal biomass as renewable biofiller in natural rubber compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Bellinetto ◽  
Riccardo Ciapponi ◽  
Marco Contino ◽  
Claudia Marano ◽  
Stefano Turri
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Pure Shear ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Rubber Compounds

AbstractMicroalgal biomasses, consisting of micronized Spirulina Platensis and its low protein fraction, were investigated in this work as possible renewable biofillers in natural rubber compounds, with the aim of replacing the commonly used carbon black. Natural rubber, in some cases blended with 10% of epoxidized natural rubber to improve the matrix-filler affinity, was compounded with 25, 35, 50 and 75 phr of each biomass. Compounds with 25, 35 and 50 phr of carbon black N990 were also prepared as benchmarks. After compounding, vulcanization times were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. Rubbers were vulcanized by compression moulding and characterized by means of morphological analysis (scanning electron microscopy), thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis) and mechanical tests (tensile tests, strain induced crystallization detection by X-ray diffraction, pure shear fracture tests). Microalgal biomass turned out to be homogeneously dispersed in natural rubber matrix and the materials obtained required lower curing times compared to carbon black compounds. It was found that, up to 50 phr, Spirulina has the ability to increase rubber tensile strength and modulus, acting similarly to N990, while decreasing rubber thermal stability and fracture toughness.

scholarly journals Carbon Black Network Structure in Natural Rubber Vulcanizates

Seikei-Kakou ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kato ◽  
Yuko Ikeda ◽  
Shinzo Kohjiya
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Natural Rubber Vulcanizates

Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Grafted with Epoxidized Natural Rubber via Aminosilane Linkage

2018 ◽  
Vol 940 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Pollawat Charoeythornkhajhornchai ◽  
Anongnat Somwangthanaroj
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Graphene oxide was synthesized from graphite by Hummer method and connected with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to form graphene oxide-aminosilane (GO-Si) linkage. The solution was centrifuged and washed with acetone to remove unreacted aminosilane before grafting with epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). ENR dissolved in toluene solution was mixed with GO-Si particle and dried at room temperature. Then, it was grafted to form graphene oxide grated with ENR via aminosilane linkage (GO-Si-ENR) by heat treatment. GO-Si-ENR was washed in toluene to remove unconnected ENR molecule. The synthesized GO particle in each step was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The possible reaction mechanism was proposed in this research. The aim of this synthesis is to improve natural rubber - graphene interfacial interaction thus the dispersion of GO and GO-Si-ENR particle in natural rubber matrix by solvent mixing process was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document