scholarly journals Analysis of fast protein phosphorylation kinetics in single cells on a microfluidic chip

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 726-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Blazek ◽  
Tomas Silva Santisteban ◽  
Roland Zengerle ◽  
Matthias Meier
Keyword(s):  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration ◽  
Kinetics Of

In the present study, we developed a microfluidic large-scale integration (mLSI) platform for the temporal and chemical control of cell cultures to study fast kinetics of protein phosphorylation.

scholarly journals Kinetics and mechanism of planar nanowire growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnon Rothman ◽  
Vladimir G. Dubrovskii ◽  
Ernesto Joselevich
Keyword(s):  
Surface Diffusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nanowire Growth ◽  
Power Exponent ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Guided Growth ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Kinetics Of

Surface-guided growth of planar nanowires offers the possibility to control their position, direction, length, and crystallographic orientation and to enable their large-scale integration into practical devices. However, understanding of and control over planar nanowire growth are still limited. Here, we study theoretically and experimentally the growth kinetics of surface-guided planar nanowires. We present a model that considers different kinetic pathways of material transport into the planar nanowires. Two limiting regimes are established by the Gibbs–Thomson effect for thinner nanowires and by surface diffusion for thicker nanowires. By fitting the experimental data for the length–diameter dependence to the kinetic model, we determine the power exponent, which represents the dimensionality of surface diffusion, and results to be different for planar vs. nonplanar nanowires. Excellent correlation between the model predictions and the data is obtained for surface-guided Au-catalyzed ZnSe and ZnS nanowires growing on both flat and faceted sapphire surfaces. These data are compared with those of nonplanar nanowire growth under similar conditions. The results indicate that, whereas nonplanar growth is usually dominated by surface diffusion of precursor adatoms over the nanowire walls, planar growth is dominated by surface diffusion over the substrate. This mechanism of planar nanowire growth can be extended to a broad range of material–substrate combinations for higher control toward large-scale integration into practical devices.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Thin Al-Si-Ge Films

1996 ◽  
Vol 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kirchner ◽  
O. Kraft ◽  
S. P. Baker ◽  
E. Arzt
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
First Results ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Precipitate Structure

AbstractThe mechanical properties are thought to play an important role in the performance of metallization materials for very large scale integration (VLSI) applications. From recent investigations on bulk materials it is known that Al-Si-Ge alloys can be very efficiently strengthened with only a small amount of the alloying elements. These alloys are potential candidates for future metallizations both because Si and Ge are compatible with the existing semiconductor technology, and because the resistivity is expected to be low.We present the first results of detailed characterizations of Al-Si-Ge thin films as a function of sputter conditions and heat treatments. The microstructure was characterized using x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The kinetics of precipitation were studied using resistance measurements. Room temperature hardness was investigated using nanoindentation, and the mechanical properties at temperatures up to 240°C were examined using a substrate curvature method. The correlation between precipitate structure and film properties is discussed.

scholarly journals Upscaling of pneumatic membrane valves for the integration of 3D cell cultures on chip

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Compera ◽  
Scott Atwell ◽  
Johannes Wirth ◽  
Bernhard Wolfrum ◽  
Matthias Meier
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
3D Cell Cultures ◽  
Culture Formation ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Scale Integration

For integration of 3D cell cultures on microfluidic large-scale integration chips, we upscaled pneumatic membrane valves using 3D-printed replica molds. Unit cell operations for 3D cell culture formation, culture, retrieval, and fusion are designed.

scholarly journals Evolution of multicellularity by collective integration of spatial information

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Sandro Colizzi ◽  
Renske M.A. Vroomans ◽  
Roeland M.H. Merks
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Multicellular Aggregates ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration

AbstractAt the origin of multicellularity, cells may have evolved aggregation in response to predation, for functional specialisation or to allow large-scale integration of environmental cues. These group-level properties emerged from the interactions between cells in a group, and determined the selection pressures experienced by these cells.We investigate the evolution of multicellularity with an evolutionary model where cells search for resources by chemotaxis in a shallow, noisy gradient. Cells can evolve their adhesion to others in a periodically changing environment, where a cell’s fitness solely depends on its distance from the gradient source.We show that multicellular aggregates evolve because they perform chemo-taxis more efficiently than single cells. Only when the environment changes too frequently, a unicellular state evolves which relies on cell dispersal. Both strategies prevent the invasion of the other through interference competition, creating evolutionary bi-stability. Therefore, collective behaviour can be an emergent selective driver for undifferentiated multicellularity.

scholarly journals Applications of Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogels in Microfluidic Technique-Assisted Tissue Engineering

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5305
Author(s):  
Taotao Liu ◽  
Wenxian Weng ◽  
Yuzhuo Zhang ◽  
Xiaoting Sun ◽  
Huazhe Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Production Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration ◽  
Microfluidic Technique

In recent years, the microfluidic technique has been widely used in the field of tissue engineering. Possessing the advantages of large-scale integration and flexible manipulation, microfluidic devices may serve as the production line of building blocks and the microenvironment simulator in tissue engineering. Additionally, in microfluidic technique-assisted tissue engineering, various biomaterials are desired to fabricate the tissue mimicking or repairing structures (i.e., particles, fibers, and scaffolds). Among the materials, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)-based hydrogels have shown great potential due to their biocompatibility and mechanical tenability. In this work, applications of GelMA hydrogels in microfluidic technique-assisted tissue engineering are reviewed mainly from two viewpoints: Serving as raw materials for microfluidic fabrication of building blocks in tissue engineering and the simulation units in microfluidic chip-based microenvironment-mimicking devices. In addition, challenges and outlooks of the exploration of GelMA hydrogels in tissue engineering applications are proposed.

scholarly journals Evolution of multicellularity by collective integration of spatial information

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Sandro Colizzi ◽  
Renske MA Vroomans ◽  
Roeland MH Merks
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Multicellular Aggregates ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration

At the origin of multicellularity, cells may have evolved aggregation in response to predation, for functional specialisation or to allow large-scale integration of environmental cues. These group-level properties emerged from the interactions between cells in a group, and determined the selection pressures experienced by these cells. We investigate the evolution of multicellularity with an evolutionary model where cells search for resources by chemotaxis in a shallow, noisy gradient. Cells can evolve their adhesion to others in a periodically changing environment, where a cell’s fitness solely depends on its distance from the gradient source. We show that multicellular aggregates evolve because they perform chemotaxis more efficiently than single cells. Only when the environment changes too frequently, a unicellular state evolves which relies on cell dispersal. Both strategies prevent the invasion of the other through interference competition, creating evolutionary bi-stability. Therefore, collective behaviour can be an emergent selective driver for undifferentiated multicellularity.

Plant hormones, plant growth regulators

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (26) ◽  
pp. 1011-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Végvári ◽  
Edina Vidéki
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Wide Sense ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration ◽  
And Function

Plants seem to be rather defenceless, they are unable to do motion, have no nervous system or immune system unlike animals. Besides this, plants do have hormones, though these substances are produced not in glands. In view of their complexity they lagged behind animals, however, plant organisms show large scale integration in their structure and function. In higher plants, such as in animals, the intercellular communication is fulfilled through chemical messengers. These specific compounds in plants are called phytohormones, or in a wide sense, bioregulators. Even a small quantity of these endogenous organic compounds are able to regulate the operation, growth and development of higher plants, and keep the connection between cells, tissues and synergy beween organs. Since they do not have nervous and immume systems, phytohormones play essential role in plants’ life. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(26), 1011–1018.

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