Eco-friendly synthesis of pyridines via rhodium-catalyzed cyclization of diynes with oximes

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 799-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen Xu ◽  
Chunxiang Wang ◽  
Haolong Wang ◽  
Xincheng Li ◽  
Boshun Wan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Pyridine Derivatives ◽  
Alternative Reaction Medium

We describe a new route for the synthesis of pyridines via [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of diynes and oximes catalyzed by Rh(NBD)2BF4/MeO-Biphep using ethanol as an alternative reaction medium, affording the desired pyridine derivatives in yields of up to 93%.

scholarly journals Palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions in γ-valerolactone-based ionic liquids

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 2907-2913 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Orha ◽  
József M Tukacs ◽  
László Kollár ◽  
László T Mika
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Sonogashira Coupling ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed ◽  
Alternative Reaction Medium

It was demonstrated that the γ-valerolactone-based ionic liquid, tetrabutylphosphonium 4-ethoxyvalerate as a partially bio-based solvent can be utilized as alternative reaction medium for copper- and auxiliary base-free Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions of aryl iodides and functionalized acetylenes under mild conditions. Twenty-two cross-coupling products were isolated with good to excellent yields (72–99%) and purity (>98%). These results represent an example which proves that biomass-derived safer solvents can be utilized efficiently in common, industrially important transformations exhibiting higher chemical and environmental efficiency.

scholarly journals Magnetically recoverable catalysts for the preparation of pyridine derivatives: an overview

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (28) ◽  
pp. 17456-17477
Author(s):  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Zohreh Kheilkordi ◽  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Alireza Badiei ◽  
Rafael Luque
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Pyridine Derivatives ◽  
External Magnet ◽  
Magnetically Recoverable Catalysts ◽  
Recoverable Catalysts ◽  
Nano Catalysts

Magnetically recoverable nano-catalysts can be readily separated from the reaction medium using an external magnet.

Quasiliving cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline in benzotrifluoride, as an alternative reaction medium

Polymer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 123165
Author(s):  
Balázs Pásztói ◽  
Tobias M. Trötschler ◽  
Ákos Szabó ◽  
Benjamin Kerscher ◽  
Heikki Tenhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Alternative Reaction Medium ◽  
Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization

Alternative reaction medium for aminoethanol alkylation

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1195-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Zakaryan ◽  
S. S. Hayotsyan ◽  
H. S. Attaryan ◽  
G. V. Hasratyan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Alternative Reaction Medium

Alternative reaction medium for the synthesis of 1-propargylpyrazoles

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 1773-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Zakaryan ◽  
S. S. Hayotsyan ◽  
H. S. Attaryan ◽  
G. V. Hasratyan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Alternative Reaction Medium

PEG as an alternative reaction medium in metal-mediated transformations

2012 ◽  
Vol 256 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 2893-2920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelina Colacino ◽  
Jean Martinez ◽  
Frédéric Lamaty ◽  
Lyudmila S. Patrikeeva ◽  
Levon L. Khemchyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Alternative Reaction Medium

High-voltage cytochemistry for three-dimensional observation of nuclei and calculation of total numbers of nuclear pores in retinal Mueller glia

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 956-957
Author(s):  
H. Ishigooka ◽  
S. Ueno ◽  
L.M. Hjelmeland ◽  
M.B. Landers ◽  
K. Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
G6pase Activity ◽  
Mueller Glia

Introduction: We have demonstrated that Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope of Mueller glia in the normal and pathological guinea pig retina. Using a combination of this cytochemical technique and high voltage electron microscopy, the distribution of nuclear pores could be clearly observed on the nuclear envelope of Mueller glia because of their anatomical lack of reaction products. This technique was developed to study the three-dimensional structure of nuclei and to calculate total numbers of nuclear pores utilizing a computer graphic analysis system in the normal and pathological retina.Materials and methods: Normal and photocoagulated retina of pigmented adult guinea pigs were perfused with a cold mixture of 0.25% glutaraldehyde and 2% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer, and the enucleated globes were hemisected and immersed in the same fixative for 30 min. After sectioning and incubation in the reaction medium for the detection of G6Pase activity by the method of Wachstein-Meisel, the sections were postfixed, dehydrated and embedded in Spurr’s epoxy resin. Serial thick sections (1.0um) were prepared for the observation by a Hitachi high voltage electron microscope (H 1250-M) with an accelerating voltage of 1000 Kv. and pictures were analyzed and three-dimensionally reconstructed by TRI (RATOC Co., Ltd.).

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