Brønsted acid ionic liquid-catalyzed reductive Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indoles and cyclic ketones without using an external reductant

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 812-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Taheri ◽  
Bingbing Lai ◽  
Cheng Cheng ◽  
Yanlong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Cyclic Ketone ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid ◽  
Cyclic Ketones ◽  
Brönsted Acid

C3-cycloalkylated indole was synthesized from indole and cyclic ketone in the absence of a reductant with the aid of an acid catalyst.

scholarly journals Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, Levulinic Acid, and Formic Acid in 1,3-Dibutyl-2-(2-butoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazolium Iodide-Based Ionic Liquid

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Megawati Zunita ◽  
Deana Wahyuningrum ◽  
Buchari ◽  
Bunbun Bundjali ◽  
I Gede Wenten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid ◽  
Dehydration Reaction ◽  
Brönsted Acid

The separation process between 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and trace glucose in glucose conversion is important in the biphasic system (aqueous–organic phase), due to the partial solubility property of HMF in water. In addition, the yield of HMF via the dehydration reaction of glucose in water is low (under 50%) with the use of Brønsted acid as a catalyst. Therefore, this study was conducted to optimize the production and separation of products by using a new hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL), which is more selective than water. The new IL (1,3-dibutyl-2-(2-butoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl imidazolium iodide) [DBDIm]I was used as a solvent and was optimized for the dehydration reaction of glucose to make a more selective separation of HMF, levulinic acid (LA), and formic acid (FA). [DBDIm]I showed high performance as a solvent for glucose conversion at 100 °C for 120 min, with a yield of 82.2% HMF, 14.9% LA, and 2.9% FA in the presence of sulfuric acid as the Brønsted acid catalyst.

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