Impact of extraneous proteins on the gastrointestinal fate of sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus) oil bodies: a simulated gastrointestinal tract study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakunkhun Makkhun ◽  
Amit Khosla ◽  
Tim Foster ◽  
David Julian McClements ◽  
Myriam M. L. Grundy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Oil Body ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions

The fate of oil body and protein enriched oil body during digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions was studied.

scholarly journals Purification and characterization of oil-bodies (oleosomes) and oil-body boundary proteins (oleosins) from the developing cotyledons of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

1996 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark MILLICHIP ◽  
Arthur S. TATHAM ◽  
Frances JACKSON ◽  
Gareth GRIFFITHS ◽  
Peter R. SHEWRY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Phospholipid Content ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Oil Body ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Body Boundary ◽  
Helical Proteins

Oil-bodies, from the immature cotyledons of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), were difficult to purify to homogeneity using conventional techniques. The major protein contaminants were albumin and globulin storage proteins. A protocol has been developed, therefore, based upon the stringent washing of the oil-body fraction in 9 M urea, which effectively removed almost all the contaminating protein as judged by SDS/PAGE. The urea-washed oil-bodies were enriched in two major proteins of Mr 19000 and 20000. These proteins were oleosins as demonstrated by their amino acid compositions and the sequence analysis of peptides produced by CNBr cleavage. Far-UV CD spectra of the oleosins in trifluoroethanol, trifluoroethanol/water mixtures and as mixed micelles in SDS, were typical of α-helical proteins with α-helical contents of some 55%. The phospholipid content of the urea-washed preparations was less than 0.1% of that required to form a half-unit membrane surrounding the oil-body. The oil-body surface therefore appears to be an unusual and novel structure, covered largely by an oleosin protein coat or pellicle rather than a conventional fluid membrane, half-unit or otherwise.

scholarly journals Secondary structure of oleosins in oil bodies isolated from seeds of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 334 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic J. LACEY ◽  
Nikolaus WELLNER ◽  
Frederic BEAUDOIN ◽  
Johnathan A. NAPIER ◽  
Peter R. SHEWRY
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Oil Body ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Hydrophobic Domain ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Protected Peptides

Oil bodies were isolated from mature seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Oil body preparations containing only oleosin proteins could be obtained from safflower seeds by salt-washing followed by centrifugation on discontinuous sucrose density gradients. However, it was necessary to treat sunflower oil bodies with urea to obtain preparations of similar purity. Incubation of the oil bodies with proteinases gave two fragments with molecular masses of 6 and 8 kDa which were protected from digestion. These fragments represented the hydrophobic domain of the oleosins, as determined by N-terminal sequencing. Intact and proteinase-treated oil bodies of both species were analysed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, as dry films and in aqueous medium, the spectra being compared with those obtained for pure oil samples in order to identify the bands resulting from the oleosin proteins and protected peptides. This investigation showed that the hydrophobic domain of the oleosins in intact oil bodies is predominantly α-helical in structure and that the conformation was not greatly affected by washing the oil bodies with urea during preparation.

Characterization of a sunflower seed albumin which associates with oil bodies

Plant Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J.E. Thoyts ◽  
Johnathan A. Napier ◽  
Mark Millichip ◽  
A.Keith Stobart ◽  
W.Trevor Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Oil Bodies

scholarly journals Kualitas Minyak Bunga Matahari Komersial dan Minyak Hasil Ekstraksi Biji Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewa G Katja
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Sunflower Seed Oil

KUALITAS MINYAK BUNGA MATAHARI KOMERSIAL DAN MINYAK HASIL EKSTRAKSI BIJI BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianthus annuus L.) ABSTRAK Minyak komersial dan minyak hasil ekstrasi dari biji bunga matahari melalui uji kadar air, kadar asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida. Analisis hasil ekstrak biji bunga matahari diperoleh kadar air 0,43%, kadar asam lemak bebas 0,47% dan bilangan persoksida 5,22 mek/kg. analisis minyak komersial diperoleh kadar air 0,21%, kadar asam lemak bebas 0,28% dan bilangan peroksida 4,18 mek/kg. Hasil analisis dengan kromatografi gas kedua sampel menunjukkan kadar asam lemak bebas berbeda.       Berdasarkan uji kualitas yang dilakukan terhadap kedua sampel yang dianalisis terdapat hasil yang diperoleh tidak memenuhi syarat yang ditentukan yakni kadar asam lemak bebas 0,08% dan bilangan peroksida 2 mek/kg. Kata kunci: Asam lemak bebas, bilangan proksida, minyak biji bunga matahari  QUALITY OF COMMERCIAL SUNFLOWER OIL AND OIL EXTRACTION SEEDS SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) ABSTRACT Experimental study of analyzing the extract oil from sunflower seed compare with the commercial sunflower seed oil according to the company standard which includes determining of moisture content, free fatty acid content, peroxide value and the fatty acids compositions is reported in this paper. The result show that the moisture content of the extract oil is 0,43%, free fatly acid content is 0,47%, and the peroxide value is 5,22% mek/Kg. For the commercial sunflower seed oil company product that is 0,21% for the moisture, free fatty acid is 0,28% and the peroxide value is 4,89 mek/Kg. The gas chromatography analysis indicated that the most fatty acid from both samples is linoleic acid. The quality of the extract sunflower seed oil has not been improved to conform with the commercial quality according to the company standard, that is 0,08% for the free fatty acid and 2 mek/Kg for the peroxide value. Keywords: Free fatty acid, peroxide value, sunflower seeds oil

scholarly journals Cannabidiol and Other Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoids for Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders: Useful Nutraceuticals?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Martínez ◽  
Amaia Iriondo De-Hond ◽  
Francesca Borrelli ◽  
Raffaele Capasso ◽  
María Dolores del Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
General Pharmacology ◽  
Tract Function

Cannabis sativa is an aromatic annual flowering plant with several botanical varieties, used for different purposes, like the production of fibers, the production of oil from the seeds, and especially for recreational or medical purposes. Phytocannabinoids (terpenophenolic compounds derived from the plant), include the well-known psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, and many non-psychoactive cannabinoids, like cannabidiol. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) comprises of endocannabinoid ligands, enzymes for synthesis and degradation of such ligands, and receptors. This system is widely distributed in the gastrointestinal tract, where phytocannabinoids exert potent effects, particularly under pathological (i.e., inflammatory) conditions. Herein, we will first look at the hemp plant as a possible source of new functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals that might be eventually useful to treat or even prevent gastrointestinal conditions. Subsequently, we will briefly describe the ECS and the general pharmacology of phytocannabinoids. Finally, we will revise the available data showing that non-psychoactive phytocannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol, may be useful to treat different disorders and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. With the increasing interest in the development of functional foods for a healthy life, the non-psychoactive phytocannabinoids are hoped to find a place as nutraceuticals and food ingredients also for a healthy gastrointestinal tract function.

scholarly journals Cloning and Characterization of the Acid Lipase from Castor Beans

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (44) ◽  
pp. 45540-45545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Eastmond
Keyword(s):  
Rhizomucor Miehei ◽  
Catalytic Triad ◽  
Oil Body ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Serine Esterase ◽  
Serine Residue ◽  
Acid Lipase ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Nitrophenyl Phosphate

Castor bean endosperm contains a well known acid lipase activity that is associated with the oil body membrane. In order to identify this enzyme, proteomic analysis was performed on purified oil bodies. A ∼60-kDa protein was identified (RcOBL1), which shares homology with a lipase from the filamentous fungusRhizomucor miehei. RcOBL1 contains features that are characteristic of an α/β-hydrolase, such as a putative catalytic triad (SDH) and a conserved pentapeptide (GXSXG) surrounding the nucleophilic serine residue. RcOBL1 was expressed heterologously inEscherichia coliand shown to hydrolyze triolein at an acid pH (optima ∼4.5). RcOBL1 can hydrolyze a range of triacylglycerols but is not active on phospholipids. The activity is sensitive to the serine reagent diethylp-nitrophenyl phosphate, indicating that RcOBL1 is a serine esterase. Antibodies raised against RcOBL1 were used to show that the protein is restricted to the endosperm where it is associated with the surface of oil bodies. This is the first evidence for the molecular identity of an oil body-associated lipase from plants. Sequence comparisons reveal that families of OBL1-like proteins are present in many species, and it is likely that they play an important role in regulating lipolysis.

scholarly journals Oil-bodies from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds

1996 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric BEISSON ◽  
Nathalie FERTE ◽  
Georges NOAT
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L
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