FTIR spectroscopy reveals lipid droplets in drug resistant laryngeal carcinoma cells through detection of increased ester vibrational bands intensity

The Analyst ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (13) ◽  
pp. 3407-3415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjica Rak ◽  
Tihana De Zan ◽  
Jasminka Stefulj ◽  
Marin Kosović ◽  
Ozren Gamulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Laryngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Lipid Droplet Formation ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester Content ◽  
Vibrational Bands

Specific differences in FTIR spectra of HEp-2 cells and their multidrug resistant 7T subline were observed and the increased cholesteryl ester content and enhanced lipid droplet formation in 7T cells were verified.

scholarly journals Combined antitumor effects of bee venom and cisplatin on human cervical and laryngeal carcinoma cells and their drug resistant sublines

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1332-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Gajski ◽  
Tamara Čimbora-Zovko ◽  
Sanjica Rak ◽  
Marko Rožman ◽  
Maja Osmak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Antitumor Effects

scholarly journals 1597. Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Meropenem Synergy Testing Against Multi-Drug and Extensively-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S794-S795
Author(s):  
Mary Francine P Chua ◽  
Syeda Sara Nida ◽  
Jerry Lawhorn ◽  
Janak Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Synergy Testing ◽  
Concentration Indices

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) have limited therapeutic options for treatment. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a newer anti-pseudomonal drug effective against resistant PA infections, however resistance against this drug has now also developed and is increasing. In this study, we explored the combination of ceftolozane/tazobactam (CT) and meropenem (MP) as a possible effective regimen against MDR and XDR PA. Methods We obtained 33 non-duplicate isolates of MDR and XDR PA grown from blood, urine and respiratory samples collected from patients admitted between 2015 and 2019 at our two affiliate teaching hospitals. MDR PA was defined as resistance to 3 or more classes of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics, and XDR PA as resistance to all but two or less classes of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics. Antimicrobial preparations of both MP and CT were made according to manufacturer instructions. Susceptibility testing was performed using the checkerboard method in accordance to CLSI guidelines (CLSI M100, 2017). The ATCC 27853 strain of PA used as control. Synergy, additive effect, indifference and antagonism were defined as FIC (fractional inhibitory concentration) indices of ≤0.5, >0.5 to <1, >1 to <4, and >4, respectively. Results Thirteen (39%) of 33 PA isolates were classified as XDR, while 20 (61%) PA isolates were MDR. All isolates were resistant to MP (MIC50 >32 ug/mL), while only 2 (6%) isolates were susceptible to CT (MIC50 64 ug/mL). A synergistic effect was seen in 9 (27.3%) of PA isolates (FIC index range 0.28 to 0.5)— 2 of which were XDR PA, and 7 were MDR PA. An additive effect was seen in 12 (36.4%), with indifference seen in 12 (36.4%) of isolates. In this study, no antagonism was seen when CT and MP were combined. Conclusion When used in combination, CT and MP can exert a synergistic effect against MDR and XDR PA. Additive effect and indifference can also be seen when both antibiotics were used. Moreover, there was no antagonism seen when both antibiotics were combined. This study shows that the use of CT and MP in combination may be an option against XDR and MDR PA infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Analysis of drug resistance and mutation profiles in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in a surveillance site in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 030006052098493
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yixuan Ren ◽  
Liping Pan ◽  
Junli Yi ◽  
Tong Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Site ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Previously Treated Patients ◽  
Beijing China

Objective This study analyzed drug resistance and mutations profiles in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in a surveillance site in Huairou District, Beijing, China. Methods The proportion method was used to assess drug resistance profiles for four first-line and seven second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs. Molecular line probe assays were used for the rapid detection of resistance to rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH). Results Among 235 strains of M. tuberculosis, 79 (33.6%) isolates were resistant to one or more drugs. The isolates included 18 monoresistant (7.7%), 19 polyresistant (8.1%), 28 RIF-resistant (11.9%), 24 multidrug-resistant (MDR) (10.2%), 7 pre-extensively drug-resistant (XDR, 3.0%), and 2 XDR strains (0.9%). A higher rate of MDR-TB was detected among previously treated patients than among patients with newly diagnosed TB (34.5% vs. 6.8%). The majority (62.5%) of RIF-resistant isolates exhibited a mutation at S531L in the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene. Meanwhile, 62.9% of INH-resistant isolates carried a mutation at S315T1 in the katG gene. Conclusion Our results confirmed the high rate of drug-resistant TB, especially MDR-TB, in Huairou District, Beijing, China. Therefore, detailed drug testing is crucial in the evaluation of MDR-TB treatment.

scholarly journals Label-Free Comparative Proteomics of Differentially Expressed Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein in Rifampicin-Related Drug-Resistant Strains

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Nadeem Ullah ◽  
Ling Hao ◽  
Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou ◽  
Shiyun Chen ◽  
Yaqi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Candidate Target

Rifampicin (RIF) is one of the most important first-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, and more than 90% of RIF-resistant (RR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates belong to multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB. In order to identify specific candidate target proteins as diagnostic markers or drug targets, differential protein expression between drug-sensitive (DS) and drug-resistant (DR) strains remains to be investigated. In the present study, a label-free, quantitative proteomics technique was performed to compare the proteome of DS, RR, MDR, and XDR clinical strains. We found iniC, Rv2141c, folB, and Rv2561 were up-regulated in both RR and MDR strains, while fadE9, espB, espL, esxK, and Rv3175 were down-regulated in the three DR strains when compared to the DS strain. In addition, lprF, mce2R, mce2B, and Rv2627c were specifically expressed in the three DR strains, and 41 proteins were not detected in the DS strain. Functional category showed that these differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in the cell wall and cell processes. When compared to the RR strain, Rv2272, smtB, lpqB, icd1, and folK were up-regulated, while esxK, PPE19, Rv1534, rpmI, ureA, tpx, mpt64, frr, Rv3678c, esxB, esxA, and espL were down-regulated in both MDR and XDR strains. Additionally, nrp, PPE3, mntH, Rv1188, Rv1473, nadB, PPE36, and sseA were specifically expressed in both MDR and XDR strains, whereas 292 proteins were not identified when compared to the RR strain. When compared between MDR and XDR strains, 52 proteins were up-regulated, while 45 proteins were down-regulated in the XDR strain. 316 proteins were especially expressed in the XDR strain, while 92 proteins were especially detected in the MDR strain. Protein interaction networks further revealed the mechanism of their involvement in virulence and drug resistance. Therefore, these differentially expressed proteins are of great significance for exploring effective control strategies of DR-TB.

Metabolic profiles of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis unveiled by metabolomics

Tuberculosis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 102043
Author(s):  
Amanda Mendes Rêgo ◽  
Duanne Alves da Silva ◽  
Nicole Victor Ferreira ◽  
Lucindo Cardoso de Pina ◽  
Joseph A.M. Evaristo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Bedaquiline-containing regimens in patients with pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China: focus on the safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Tao Gao ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
Gui-Hui Wu ◽  
Yi Pei ◽  
Meng-Qiu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Clinical Patient ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract Background World Health Organization recommends countries introducing new drug and short treatment regimen for drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) should develop and implement a system for active pharmacovigilance that allows for detection, reporting and management of adverse events. The aim of the study is to evaluate the frequency and severity of adverse events (AEs) of bedaquiline-containing regimen in a cohort of Chinese patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB based on active drug safety monitoring (aDSM) system of New Drug Introduction and Protection Program (NDIP). Methods AEs were prospectively collected with demographic, bacteriological, radiological and clinical data from 54 sites throughout China at patient enrollment and during treatment between February, 2018 and December, 2019. This is an interim analysis including patients who are still on treatment and those that have completed treatment. A descriptive analysis was performed on the patients evaluated in the cohort. Results By December 31, 2019, a total of 1162 patients received bedaquiline-containing anti-TB treatment. Overall, 1563 AEs were reported, 66.9% were classified as minor (Grade 1–2) and 33.1% as serious (Grade 3–5). The median duration of bedaquiline treatment was 167.0 [interquartile range (IQR): 75–169] days. 86 (7.4%) patients received 36-week prolonged treatment with bedaquiline. The incidence of AEs and serious AEs was 47.1% and 7.8%, respectively. The most frequently reported AEs were QT prolongation (24.7%) and hepatotoxicity (16.4%). There were 14 (1.2%) AEs leading to death. Out of patients with available corrected QT interval by Fridericia's formula (QTcF) data, 3.1% (32/1044) experienced a post-baseline QTcF ≥ 500 ms, and 15.7% (132/839) had at least one change of QTcF ≥ 60 ms from baseline. 49 (4.2%) patients had QT prolonged AEs leading to bedaquiline withdrawal. One hundred and ninety patients reported 361 AEs with hepatotoxicity ranking the second with high occurrence. Thirty-four patients reported 43 AEs of hepatic injury referred to bedaquiline, much lower than that referred to protionamide, pyrazinamide and para-aminosalicylic acid individually. Conclusions Bedaquiline was generally well-tolerated with few safety concerns in this clinical patient population without any new safety signal identified. The mortality rate was generally low. These data inform significant positive effect to support the WHO recent recommendations for the wide use of bedaquiline.

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