Solvent quality-induced nucleation and growth of parallelepiped nanorods in dilute poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) solution and the impact on the crystalline morphology of solution-cast thin film

CrystEngComm ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1114-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong K. Keum ◽  
Kai Xiao ◽  
Ilia N. Ivanov ◽  
Kunlun Hong ◽  
James F. Browning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Solvent Quality ◽  
Solution Cast ◽  
The Impact

The impact cross section of ErF3 centers in ZnS thin film

1988 ◽  
Vol 40-41 ◽  
pp. 786-787
Author(s):  
Baozhu Luo ◽  
Jiaqi Yu ◽  
Guozhu Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Orientation transitions during the growth of imine covalent organic framework thin films

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
pp. 5090-5095 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
B. He ◽  
F. Liu ◽  
C. Stevens ◽  
M. A. Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Experimental Observation ◽  
Growth Kinetic ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Thin Film Growth ◽  
Covalent Organic Framework ◽  
Kinetic Processes ◽  
Organic Framework

The first experimental observation of a rare re-entrant transition during COF thin film growth reveals independent nucleation and growth kinetic processes.

Environmental tests of embedded thin- and thick-film resistors in comparison to chip resistors

Circuit World ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Steplewski ◽  
Andrzej Dziedzic ◽  
Janusz Borecki ◽  
Grazyna Koziol ◽  
Tomasz Serzysko
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thin Film Resistors ◽  
Embedded Resistors ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of parameters of embedded resistive elements manufacturing process as well as the influence of environmental factors on their electrical resistance. The investigations were made in comparison to the similar constructions of discrete chip resistors assembled to standard printed circuit boards (PCBs). Design/methodology/approach – The investigations were based on the thin-film resistors made of NiP alloy, thick-film resistors made of carbon or carbon-silver inks as well as chip resistors in 0402 and 0603 packages. The polymer thick-film resistive films were screen-printed on the several types finishing materials of contact terminations such as copper, silver, and gold. To determine the sensitivity of embedded resistors versus standard assembled chip resistors on environmental exposure, the climatic chamber was used. The measurements of resistance were carried out periodically during the tests, and after the exposure cycles. Findings – The results show that the change of electrical resistance of embedded resistors, in dependence of construction and base material, is different and mainly not exceed the range of 3 per cent. The achieved results in reference to thin-film resistors are comparable with results for standard chip resistors. However, the results that were obtained for thick-film resistors with Ag and Ni/Au contacts are similar. It was not found the big differences between resistors with and without conformal coating. Research limitations/implications – The studies show that embedded resistors can be used interchangeably with chip resistors. It allows to save the area on the surface of PCB, occupied by these passive elements, for assembly of active elements (ICs) and thus enable to miniaturization of electronic devices. But embedding of passive elements into PCB requires to tackle the effect of each forming process steps on the operational properties. Originality/value – The technique of passive elements embedding into PCB is generally known; however, there are no detailed reports on the impact of individual process steps and environmental conditions on the stability of their electrical resistance. The studies allow to understand the importance of each factor process and the mechanisms of operational properties changes depending on the used materials.

The Impact of Contact Position on the Retention Performance in Thin Film Ferroelectric Transistors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiusong Chen ◽  
Dong Lin ◽  
Qinhao Wang ◽  
Jiang Yang ◽  
Juan E. Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Contact Position ◽  
The Impact

Pulsed Laser Deposition History and Laser-Target Interactions

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Cheung ◽  
Jim Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Pulsed Laser Deposition ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Small Branch ◽  
The Impact

The laser, as a source of “pure” energy in the form of monochromatic and coherent photons, is enjoying ever increasing popularity in diverse and broad applications from drilling micron-sized holes on semiconductor devices to guidance systems used in drilling a mammoth tunnel under the English Channel. In many areas such as metallurgy, medical technology, and the electronics industry, it has become an irreplaceable tool.Like many other discoveries, the various applications of the laser were not initially defined but were consequences of natural evolution led by theoretical studies. Shortly after the demonstration of the first laser, the most intensely studied theoretical topics dealt with laser beam-solid interactions. Experiments were undertaken to verify different theoretical models for this process. Later, these experiments became the pillars of many applications. Figure 1 illustrates the history of laser development from its initial discovery to practical applications. In this tree of evolution, Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) is only a small branch. It remained relatively obscure for a long time. Only in the last few years has his branch started to blossom and bear fruits in thin film deposition.Conceptually and experimentally, PLD is extremely simple, probably the simplest among all thin film growth techniques. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of this technique. It uses pulsed laser radiation to vaporize materials and to deposit thin films in a vacuum chamber. However, the beam-solid interaction that leads to evaporation/ablation is a very complex physical phenomenon. The theoretical description of the mechanism is multidisciplinary and combines equilibrium and nonequilibrium processes. The impact of a laser beam on the surface of a solid material, electromagnetic energy is converted first into electronic excitation and then into thermal, chemical, and even mechanical energy to cause evaporation, ablation, excitation, and plasma formation.

Separating the impact of oxygen and water on the long-term stability of n-channel perylene diimide thin-film transistors

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Zschieschang ◽  
Konstantin Amsharov ◽  
Martin Jansen ◽  
Klaus Kern ◽  
Hagen Klauk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Perylene Diimide ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
The Impact

Effect of the impact ionization of deep traps on the field distribution in planar thin-film GaAs structures

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-331
Author(s):  
Eugenio F. Prokhorov ◽  
Jesus González-Hernández ◽  
Nikolai B. Gorev ◽  
Inna F. Kodzhespirova ◽  
Yury A. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Impact Ionization ◽  
Deep Traps ◽  
The Impact

Thermal Model of a Thin Film Pulsed Pyroelectric Generator

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas R. Jankowski ◽  
Andrew N. Smith ◽  
Brendan M. Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Film Material ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycles ◽  
The Impact

Recent high energy density thin film material development has led to an increased interest in pyroelectric energy conversion. Using state-of-the-art lead-zirconate-titanate piezoelectric films capable of withstanding high electric fields we previously demonstrated single cycle energy conversion densities of 4.28 J/cm3. While material improvement is ongoing, an equally challenging task involves developing the thermal and thermodynamic process though which we can harness this thermal-to-electric energy conversion capability. By coupling high speed thermal transients from pulsed heating with rapid charge and discharge cycles, there is potential for achieving high energy conversion efficiency. We briefly present thermodynamic equivalent models for pyroelectric power generation based on the traditional Brayton and Ericsson cycles, where temperature-pressure states in a working fluid are replaced by temperature-field states in a solid pyroelectric material. Net electrical work is then determined by integrating the path taken along the temperature dependent polarization curves for the material. From the thermodynamic cycles we identify the necessary cyclical thermal conditions to realize net power generation, including a figure of merit, rEC, or the electrocaloric ratio, to aid in guiding generator design. Additionally, lumped transient analytical heat transfer models of the pyroelectric system with pulsed thermal input have been developed to evaluate the impact of reservoir temperatures, cycle frequency, and heating power on cycle output. These models are used to compare the two thermodynamic cycles. This comparison shows that as with traditional thermal cycles the Ericsson cycle provides the potential for higher cycle work while the Brayton cycle can produce a higher output power at higher thermal efficiency. Additionally, limitations to implementation of a high-speed Ericsson cycle were identified, primarily tied to conflicts between the available temperature margin and the requirement for isothermal electrical charging and discharging.

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