Recent developments in aryl–aryl bond formation by transition metal-catalysed C–H activation

2009 ◽  
pp. 93-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard P. McGlacken
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Recent Developments

Transition-Metal-Free Catalysis for the Reductive ­Functionalization of CO2 with Amines

Synlett ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (05) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Nian He ◽  
Xiao-Fang Liu ◽  
Xiao-Ya Li ◽  
Chang Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Electron Reduction ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Hierarchical Reduction

Reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines and a reductant, which combines both reduction of CO2 and C–N bond formation in one pot to produce versatile chemicals and energy-storage materials such as formamides, aminals, and methylamines that are usually derived from petroleum feedstock, would be appealing and promising. Herein, we give a brief review on recent developments in the titled CO2 chemistry by employing transition-metal-free catalysis, which can be catalogued as below according to the diversified energy content of the products, that is formamides, aminals, and methylamines being consistent with 2-, 4-, and 6-electron reduction of CO2, respectively. Notably, hierarchical reduction of CO2 with amines to afford at least two products, for example, formamides and methylamines, could be realized with the same catalyst through tuning the hydrosilane type, reaction temperature, or CO2 pressure. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of the reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines are also highlighted.1 Introduction2 2-Electron Reduction of CO2 to Formamide3 6-Electron Reduction of CO2 to Methylamine4 4-Electron Reduction of CO2 to Aminal5 Hierarchical Reduction of CO2 with Amines6 Conclusion

Recent Developments in Selective N-Arylation of Azoles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallabi Halder ◽  
Tanumay Roy ◽  
Parthasarathi Das
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments

Transition-metal based carbon-heteroatom (C-X) bond formation has driven the attention of synthetic chemists over the past few years because the resultant aryl/heteroaryl motifs are important substructures in many natural products,...

Carbon Dioxide-Mediated C(sp2)–H Arylation of Primary and Secondary Benzylamines

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Kapoor ◽  
Pratibha Chand-Thakuri ◽  
Michael Young
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Bond Activation ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Chelate Effect ◽  
Free Amine ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

Carbon-carbon bond formation by transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation has become an important strategy to fabricate new bonds in a rapid fashion. Despite the pharmacological importance of <i>ortho</i>-arylbenzylamines, however, effective <i>ortho</i>-C–C bond formation from C–H bond activation of free primary and secondary benzylamines using Pd<sup>II</sup> remains an outstanding challenge. Presented herein is a new strategy for constructing <i>ortho</i>-arylated primary and secondary benzylamines mediated by carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). The use of CO<sub>2</sub> is critical to allowing this transformation to proceed under milder conditions than previously reported, and that are necessary to furnish free amine products that can be directly used or elaborated without the need for deprotection. In cases where diarylation is possible, a chelate effect is demonstrated to facilitate selective monoarylation.

Soluble lanthanide-transition-metal clusters Ln36Co12 as effective molecular electrocatalysts for water oxidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (29) ◽  
pp. 3611-3614
Author(s):  
Rong Chen ◽  
Chao-Long Chen ◽  
Ming-Hao Du ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Transition Metals ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Metal Clusters ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Transition Metal Clusters ◽  
Oxidation Activity ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Effective Water

The stable 48-metal Ln36Co12 clusters show an effective water oxidation activity under weak acidic conditions because of the synergistic effect between lanthanide and transition metals in O–O bond formation.

scholarly journals Transition Metal-Catalyzed α-Position Carbon–Carbon Bond Formations of Carbonyl Derivatives

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha-Eun Lee ◽  
Dopil Kim ◽  
Ahrom You ◽  
Myung Hwan Park ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Chiral Ligand ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Carbonyl Derivatives ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

α-Functionalization of carbonyl compounds in organic synthesis has traditionally been accomplished via classical enolate chemistry. As α-functionalized carbonyl moieties are ubiquitous in biologically and pharmaceutically valuable molecules, catalytic α-alkylations have been extensively studied, yielding a plethora of practical and efficient methodologies. Moreover, stereoselective carbon–carbon bond formation at the α-position of achiral carbonyl compounds has been achieved by using various transition metal–chiral ligand complexes. This review describes recent advances—in the last 20 years and especially focusing on the last 10 years—in transition metal-catalyzed α-alkylations of carbonyl compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones, imines, esters, and amides and in efficient carbon–carbon bond formations. Active catalytic species and ligand design are discussed, and mechanistic insights are presented. In addition, recently developed photo-redox catalytic systems for α-alkylations are described as a versatile synthetic tool for the synthesis of chiral carbonyl-bearing molecules.

Folding of peptides and proteins: role of disulfide bonds, recent developments

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Hidaka ◽  
Shigeru Shimamoto
Keyword(s):  
Protein Folding ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Mutant Proteins ◽  
Folding Intermediates ◽  
Peptide Chemistry ◽  
Recent Developments

AbstractDisulfide-containing proteins are ideal models for studies of protein folding as the folding intermediates can be observed, trapped, and separated by HPLC during the folding reaction. However, regulating or analyzing the structures of folding intermediates of peptides and proteins continues to be a difficult problem. Recently, the development of several techniques in peptide chemistry and biotechnology has resulted in the availability of some powerful tools for studying protein folding in the context of the structural analysis of native, mutant proteins, and folding intermediates. In this review, recent developments in the field of disulfide-coupled peptide and protein folding are discussed, from the viewpoint of chemical and biotechnological methods, such as analytical methods for the detection of disulfide pairings, chemical methods for disulfide bond formation between the defined Cys residues, and applications of diselenide bonds for the regulation of disulfide-coupled peptide and protein folding.

Aryl—Aryl Bond Formation by Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Direct Arylation

ChemInform ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dino Alberico ◽  
Mark E. Scott ◽  
Mark Lautens
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Direct Arylation ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Metal Catalyzed
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