Distribution of sulfur-containing aromatics between [hmim][Tf2N] and supercritical CO2: a case study for deep desulfurization of oil refinery streams by extraction with ionic liquids

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Planeta ◽  
Pavel Karásek ◽  
Michal Roth
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Deep Desulfurization ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Deep desulfurization of oil refinery streams by extraction with ionic liquids

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Eßer ◽  
Peter Wasserscheid ◽  
Andreas Jess
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Deep Desulfurization

Green Chemistry and Green Solvents: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
Barla Karuna Devi ◽  
Swathi Naraparaju ◽  
Chaganti Soujanya ◽  
Sayan Dutta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Organic Carbonates

: Green chemistry emphasizes designing novel routes to overcome health and environmental problems that occur during a chemical reaction. Green solvents are used in place of conventional solvents that are hazardous to both human and the environment. Solvents like water, ionic liquids, supercritical CO2, biosolvents, organic carbonates, and deep eutectic mixtures can be used as green solvents. The review focuses on the properties, applications, and limitations of these solvents.

scholarly journals Kinetics of metal extraction in ionic liquids: Eu3+/HNO3//TODGA/[C1C4im][Tf2N] as a case study

RSC Advances ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 10736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Sypula ◽  
Ali Ouadi ◽  
Clotilde Gaillard ◽  
Isabelle Billard
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Extractive Deep Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels Using Lewis-Based Ionic Liquids

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapnil A. Dharaskar ◽  
Kailas L. Wasewar ◽  
Mahesh N. Varma ◽  
Diwakar Z. Shende
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Model Liquid ◽  
New Class ◽  
Deep Desulfurization ◽  
Desulfurization Efficiency

A new class of green solvents, known as ionic liquids (ILs), has recently been the subject of intensive research on the extractive desulfurization of liquid fuels because of the limitation of traditional hydrodesulfurization method. In present work, eleven Lewis acid ionic liquids were synthesized and employed as promising extractants for deep desulfurization of the liquid fuel containing dibenzothiophene (DBT) to test the desulfurization efficiency. [Bmim]Cl/FeCl3was the most promising ionic liquid and performed the best among studied ionic liquids under the same operating conditions. It can remove dibenzothiophene from the model liquid fuel in the single-stage extraction process with the maximum desulfurization efficiency of 75.6%. It was also found that [Bmim]Cl/FeCl3may be reused without regeneration with considerable extraction efficiency of 47.3%. Huge saving on energy can be achieved if we make use of this ionic liquids behavior in process design, instead of regenerating ionic liquids after every time of extraction.

scholarly journals New Gas-Phase Catalytic Oxidative Processes for Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.R. Ismagilov ◽  
M.A. Kerzhentsev ◽  
S.A. Yashnik ◽  
S.R. Khairulin ◽  
A.V. Salnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Deep Desulfurization ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Laboratory Reactor ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Regeneration Processes

<p>An effective gas-phase oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process was proposed. The process was studied in a laboratory reactor with a proprietary catalyst at 300-400 ºС and ambient pressure with model fuels represented by thiophene, dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (DMDBT) dissolved in octane, isooctane or toluene. The reactivity of different sulfur containing molecules in ODS was shown to increase in the sequence: thiophene &lt; DBT &lt; DMDBT. The main sulfur containing product of oxidation of these compounds was SO<sub>2</sub>. During the gas-phase ODS both processes of sulfur species oxidation and processes of their adsorption were observed and studied. Based on the conducted studies, different ODS process designs comprising its integration with adsorption and regeneration processes and with conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process were proposed. One scheme is based on alternating regimes of ODS and catalyst regeneration in two reactors: sulfur is removed from organic feedstock by oxidation and adsorption in one reactor while simultaneous regeneration of the catalyst that has accumulated sulfur  compounds takes place in another reactor. Two other schemes are based on joint use of ODS and HDS. The conventional HDS process is most effective for removal of low-boiling sulfur containing compounds reactive with respect to hydrogen, while removal of refractory sulfur compounds, such as DMDBT is more easily achieved by gas phase ODS. Thus the combination of these processes is expected to be most efficient for deep desulfurization of diesel fuel.</p>

Decision Support Model for Fire Insurance Risk Analysis in a Petrochemical Case Study

2015 ◽  
pp. 990-1004
Author(s):  
Hadis Z. Nejad ◽  
Reza Samizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Decision Support Model ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
Fire Insurance ◽  
Margin Of Error

A decision support system was researched and applied to a case study in the petrochemical industry. The participants were an insurance company underwriting the policies of oil and gas refineries located in a major oil producing nation. The Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis methodology was applied as a framework to implement uncertainty quantification and risk analysis using a specialized commercial DSS software product. A gas vapor explosion was simulated at an oil refinery, to predict the fire and radiation damage. Costs and risks were entered into the model based on historical data. Loss estimates were generated for equipment and buildings located various distances (pressures) from the explosion origin. Overall, the DSS model predicted an expected loss of over $14,000,000 USD for equipment located in the 50 meter explosion radius, which represented a loss ratio of almost 52%. The losses predicted from the DSS model were comparable to the literature and to experiences of the case study company. The margin of error from the DSS model was less than ±5% which made it very reliable according to benchmarks.

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