The standard entropy of transport of potassium chloride in the water–methanol system at 298 K

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 2985-2987 ◽  
Author(s):  
V N. Sokolov ◽  
V A. Kobenin ◽  
I V. Usatchova
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Entropy Of Transport ◽  
Methanol System

The entropy of transport of sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 30.degree.C

1984 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 2435-2436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian J. Petit ◽  
Kara E. Renner ◽  
Jeong Long Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Entropy Of Transport

Effects of magnesium on the vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine and potassium chloride in the rat mesenteric artery.

1982 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-789
Author(s):  
Hiromichi SUZUKI ◽  
Kazuoki KONDO ◽  
Michiko HANDA ◽  
Takao SARUTA
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Rat Mesenteric Artery

Understanding Conformational Entropy in Small Molecules

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Chan ◽  
Garrett Morris ◽  
Geoffrey Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Conformational Entropy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Empirical Corrections

The calculation of the entropy of flexible molecules can be challenging, since the number of possible conformers grows exponentially with molecule size and many low-energy conformers may be thermally accessible. Different methods have been proposed to approximate the contribution of conformational entropy to the molecular standard entropy, including performing thermochemistry calculations with all possible stable conformations, and developing empirical corrections from experimental data. We have performed conformer sampling on over 120,000 small molecules generating some 12 million conformers, to develop models to predict conformational entropy across a wide range of molecules. Using insight into the nature of conformational disorder, our cross-validated physically-motivated statistical model can outperform common machine learning and deep learning methods, with a mean absolute error ≈4.8 J/mol•K, or under 0.4 kcal/mol at 300 K. Beyond predicting molecular entropies and free energies, the model implies a high degree of correlation between torsions in most molecules, often as- sumed to be independent. While individual dihedral rotations may have low energetic barriers, the shape and chemical functionality of most molecules necessarily correlate their torsional degrees of freedom, and hence restrict the number of low-energy conformations immensely. Our simple models capture these correlations, and advance our understanding of small molecule conformational entropy.

Effects of different concentrations of potassium chloride on some growth parameters of Solanum melongena L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sher Wali ◽  
Siraj Uddin ◽  
Muhammad Junaid ◽  
Gulzad Ahmad ◽  
Fazli Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solanum Melongena
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