Efficient One Step Transformation of Carboxylic Acids to Nitriles with the Carbon Chain Shortened by One Carbon Atom

1999 ◽  
pp. 407-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. I. Smushkevich ◽  
V. Y. Smushkevich ◽  
M. I. Usorov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Atom ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Efficient One Step Transformation of Carboxylic Acids to Nitriles with the Carbon Chain Shortened by One Carbon Atom

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 407-407
Author(s):  
Y. I. Smushkevich ◽  
V. Y. Smushkevich ◽  
M. I. Usorov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Atom ◽  
General Formula ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Aromatic Ring ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Alkanoic Acids ◽  
One Step ◽  
Arylacetic Acids ◽  
Electron Withdrawing Substituents

Nitrozation of ω-substituted alkanoic acids of the general formula X(CH2) nCO2H (X = CI, CO2H, CO2Me, PhthN), bulky substituted alkanoic acids, arylacetic acids containing electron withdrawing substituents in the aromatic ring, o-tosylhydroxyphenylacetic acids and N-phtaloilaminophenylacetic acids yield nitriles with the carbon chain shortened by one (or two for dicarboxylic acids) carbon atom.

A Simple One-Step Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Esters Using EEDQ

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (21) ◽  
pp. 7072-7074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boulos Zacharie ◽  
Timothy P. Connolly ◽  
Christopher L. Penney
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
One Step

Development of a highly specific and productive process for n-caproic acid production: applying lessons from methanogenic microbiomes

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Agler ◽  
C. M. Spirito ◽  
J. G. Usack ◽  
J. J. Werner ◽  
L. T. Angenent
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
High Productivity

High productivity and specificity in anaerobic digesters arise because complex microbiomes organize into a metabolic cascade to maximize energy recovery and to utilize the advantage that the gaseous end product methane freely bubbles out of the system. These lessons were applied to ascertain whether a reactor microbiome could be shaped to produce a different end product. The liquid product n-caproic acid was chosen, which is a 6-carbon-chain carboxylic acid that is valuable and that has a relatively low maximum solubility concentration for product recovery. Acetoclastic methanogenesis was inhibited by pH control and a route was provided for n-caproic acid extraction by implementing selective, in-line recovery. Next, ethanol was supplemented to promote chain elongation, which is a pathway in which short-chain carboxylic acids are elongated sequentially into medium-chain carboxylic acids with two-carbon units derived from ethanol. The reactor microbiome developed accordingly with the terminal process catalyzed by chain-elongating bacteria. As a result, n-caproic acid production rates increased to levels comparable to anaerobic digestion systems for solid waste treatment.

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