Formation and structure of alkali metal, thallium, silver and alkaline-earth cation complexes with the ionophore lasalocid free acid form in methanol from NMR experiments

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Mimouni ◽  
Rachid Lyazghi ◽  
Jean Juillard
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Alkaline Earth Cation ◽  
Earth Cation ◽  
Free Acid Form ◽  
Cation Complexes

FIA Potentiometric and Solvent Extraction Studies of Alkali Metal and Alkaline Earth Cation Complexation bybis(Tert-butylbenzo)-21-crown-7

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1413-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman S. Attiyat ◽  
Gary D. Christian ◽  
Joseph A. McDonough ◽  
Bozena Strzelbicka ◽  
Mi-Ja Goo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Cation Complexation ◽  
Alkaline Earth Cation ◽  
Earth Cation

scholarly journals Dendrite-free alkali-metal electrodeposition from contact-ion-pair state induced by mixing alkaline earth cation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi Li ◽  
Masaki Murayama ◽  
Tetsu Ichitsubo
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Free Alkali ◽  
Alkali Cations ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Alkaline Earth Cation ◽  
Metal Electrodeposition ◽  
Earth Cation

Alkali metals, such as lithium and sodium, have been expected to be used for rechargeable metal-anode batteries owing to their low electrode potentials and large capacities. However, the well-known fatal problem, “dendritic growth” causing a dangerous short circuit, is faced while charging the batteries. Here, through a comprehensive study with electrochemical experiments, Raman and soft X-ray emission spectroscopies, density-functional-theory calculation, and molecular dynamic simulations, we provide an advanced guideline for electrolyte design in which a mixture of alkaline earth (Mg, Ca, Ba) salts is used to inhibit dendrite growth of alkali metals (Li, Na) during electrodeposition. Especially, focusing on CaTFSA2, as a salient exemplary alkaline-earth-cation additive, we demonstrate that dendrite-free morphology upon alkali-metal electrodeposition can successfully be attained by modifying their solvation structures in the dual-cation electrolyte systems. Adding divalent Ca2+ promotes alkali cation (Li+ or Na+) to form the contact ion pairs (CIPs) with the counter anions, which replaces the solvent-separated ion pairs (SSIPs) commonly existing in single-cation electrolytes. Such CIPs related to alkali cations would separate Ca2+ ions distantly to shield the strong coulomb interaction among the divalent cations. The stronger binding of the CIPs would retard the desolvation kinetics of alkali cations and, consequently, realizes a severely constrained alkali-metal electrodeposition in a reaction-limited process that is required for the dendrite-free morphology. This work provides prospects to construct dual-cation electrolytes for dendrite-free alkali-metal-anode batteries utilizing the concerted interactions between monovalent and multivalent cations.

Alkali-metal and alkaline-earth cation and proton selectivities of dibenzo-14-crown-4 and its derivatives in polymeric membranes

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (15) ◽  
pp. 1618-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uriel. Olsher ◽  
Felix. Frolow ◽  
Gil. Shoham ◽  
Gwi Suk. Heo ◽  
Richard A. Bartsch
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Alkaline Earth Cation ◽  
Earth Cation

An ATP-sensitive conductance in cultured smooth muscle cells from pregnant rat myometrium

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. C297-C305 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Honore ◽  
C. Martin ◽  
C. Mironneau ◽  
J. Mironneau
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Voltage Clamp ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Monovalent Cation ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Free Acid Form ◽  
Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells

The whole cell voltage-clamp technique was used to study the effects of extracellular ATP in cultured smooth muscle cells isolated from pregnant rat myometrium. An inward current was elicited by ATP (IATP) in cells held at -70 mV under voltage clamp. The amplitude of IATP was reduced by estrogen pretreatment and by the end of pregnancy. IATP not only did not undergo any desensitization but showed facilitation. The current-voltage relationship of IATP was linear and reversed close to 0 mV. Changing the sodium electrochemical gradient by decreasing extracellular or intracellular sodium resulted in a linear relationship between the reversal potential of IATP and Na equilibrium potential that, however, differed from the predicted curve for a purely sodium conductance. The conductance activated by ATP was monovalent cation selective with little discrimination between potassium, cesium, and sodium ions. IATP was depressed by divalent cations, and the rank order of potency was Co greater than Mg greater than Ca greater than Ba, suggesting that the free-acid form of ATP was the effective ligand. Adenosine, AMP, and ADP were ineffective in eliciting IATP, whereas ATP gamma S and alpha,beta-methylene ATP were capable of mimicking the effects of ATP, although they were less potent. These results are consistent with the free-acid form of ATP activating a monovalent cation-selective and estrogen-sensitive conductance in myometrium.

Novel Na-3-Mica: Alkaline Earth Cation Exchange and Immobilization

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kodama ◽  
Kumi Hasegawa ◽  
Ken-ichi Shimizu ◽  
Sridhar Komarneni
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Alkaline Earth Cation ◽  
Earth Cation
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