scholarly journals The effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on small intestinal barrier function and mucosal gene transcription; a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatan Mujagic ◽  
Paul de Vos ◽  
Mark V. Boekschoten ◽  
Coen Govers ◽  
Harm-Jan H. M. Pieters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Small Intestinal

scholarly journals A breakdown in communication? Understanding the effects of aging on the human small intestine epithelium

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. Mabbott
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Insight Into

A new study by Man and colleagues provides further insight into the effects of aging on small intestinal barrier function in humans. Here, their findings are briefly summarised and the wider implications discussed.

Effects of Synbiotics to Prevent Postoperative Infectious Complications in Highly Invasive Abdominal Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Yokoyama ◽  
Takashi Asahara ◽  
Koji Nomoto ◽  
Masato Nagino
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function

Postoperative infectious complication (POIC) is one of the most common complications following highly invasive abdominal surgeries, such as hepatectomy, esophagectomy, and pancreatoduodenectomy. The surgical stress temporarily deteriorates the intestinal microenvironment, and the fecal concentrations of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus decrease following highly invasive abdominal surgery. In parallel with these changes, the concentrations of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid also decrease after surgery. In contrast, the fecal concentration of lactic acid increases under this condition because of the deterioration of the metabolism from lactic acid to SCFAs by normal intestinal microflora. Decreased fecal concentration of SCFAs may lead to an impaired intestinal barrier function under stressful condition. Translocation of bacteria from the gut to lymphatic and bloodstream leads to bacteremia and subsequent POICs. The incidence of POICs in patients with unhealthy intestinal microflora before surgery may be more because their intestine is more susceptible to bacterial translocation induced by surgical stress. Therefore, improving the intestinal microenvironment and intestinal barrier function before surgery is crucial to prevent POICs following highly invasive abdominal surgeries. In this regard, the use preoperative synbiotics therapy may be one of the effective ways because it has been shown to improve intestinal microflora, increase fecal SCFAs, prevent bacterial translocation, and reduce the incidence of POICs in several randomized controlled trial in patients undergoing highly invasive abdominal surgeries.

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