scholarly journals Characterization of a Setup to test the Impact of High-Amplitude Pressure Waves on Living Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mischa Schmidt ◽  
Ulf Kahlert ◽  
Johanna Wessolleck ◽  
Donata Maciaczyk ◽  
Benjamin Merkt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Amplitude ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
The Impact

Characterization of the Pressure Wave Emitted From Implosion of Submerged Cylindrical Shell Structures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Shields ◽  
Pawel Woelke ◽  
Najib N. Abboud
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Shell Structures ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Structural Configurations ◽  
The Impact

Buckling of submerged cylindrical shells is a sudden and rapid implosion which emits a high pressure pulse that may be damaging to nearby structures. The characteristics of this pressure pulse are dictated by various parameters defining the shell structure such as the length to diameter ratio, shell thickness, material, and the existence and configuration of internal stiffeners. This study examines, through the use of high fidelity coupled fluid-structure finite element computations, the impact of various structural parameters on the resulting pressure wave emanating from the implosion. The results demonstrate that certain structural configurations produce pressure waves with higher peak pressure and impulse thereby enhancing the potential for damage to nearby structures.

The Analyses of Learning Strategies in English as a Second Language: Theoretical Classification and Measurement Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Asti Gumartifa ◽  
◽  
Indah Windra Dwie Agustiani
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
English Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
The Impact

Gaining English language learning effectively has been discussed all years long. Similarly, Learners have various troubles outcomes in the learning process. Creating a joyful and comfortable situation must be considered by learners. Thus, the implementation of effective learning strategies is certainly necessary for English learners. This descriptive study has two purposes: first, to introduce the classification and characterization of learning strategies such as; memory, cognitive, metacognitive, compensation, social, and affective strategies that are used by learners in the classroom and second, it provides some questionnaires item based on Strategy of Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) version 5.0 that can be used to examine the frequency of students’ learning strategies in the learning process. The summary of this study explains and discusses the researchers’ point of view on the impact of learning outcomes by learning strategies used. Finally, utilizing appropriate learning strategies are certainly beneficial for both teachers and learners to achieve the learning target effectively.

scholarly journals Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Status by β-Carotene in Late Pregnant Sows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xupeng Yuan ◽  
Jiahao Yan ◽  
Ruizhi Hu ◽  
Yanli Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Β Carotene

Recent evidences suggest that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating physiological and metabolic activities of pregnant sows, and β-carotene has a potentially positive effect on reproduction, but the impact of β-carotene on gut microbiota in pregnant sows remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of β-carotene on the reproductive performance of sows from the aspect of gut microbiota. A total of 48 hybrid pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with similar parity were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 16) and fed with a basal diet or a diet containing 30 or 90 mg/kg of β-carotene from day 90 of gestation until parturition. Dietary supplementation of 30 or 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the number of live birth to 11.82 ± 1.54 and 12.29 ± 2.09, respectively, while the control group was 11.00 ± 1.41 (P = 0.201). Moreover, β-carotene increased significantly the serum nitric oxide (NO) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P < 0.05). Characterization of fecal microbiota revealed that 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the diversity of the gut flora (P < 0.05). In particular, β-carotene decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes including Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-008, but enriched Proteobacteria including Bilophila and Sutterella, and Actinobacteria including Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium 1 which are related to NO synthesis. These data demonstrated that dietary supplementation of β-carotene may increase antioxidant enzyme activity and NO, an important vasodilator to promote the neonatal blood circulation, through regulating gut microbiota in sows.

scholarly journals Clonal approaches to understanding the impact of mutations on hematologic disease development

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (13) ◽  
pp. 1436-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Nangalia ◽  
Emily Mitchell ◽  
Anthony R. Green
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Tumor Evolution ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Interrogation of hematopoietic tissue at the clonal level has a rich history spanning over 50 years, and has provided critical insights into both normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Characterization of chromosomes identified some of the first genetic links to cancer with the discovery of chromosomal translocations in association with many hematological neoplasms. The unique accessibility of hematopoietic tissue and the ability to clonally expand hematopoietic progenitors in vitro has provided fundamental insights into the cellular hierarchy of normal hematopoiesis, as well as the functional impact of driver mutations in disease. Transplantation assays in murine models have enabled cellular assessment of the functional consequences of somatic mutations in vivo. Most recently, next-generation sequencing–based assays have shown great promise in allowing multi-“omic” characterization of single cells. Here, we review how clonal approaches have advanced our understanding of disease development, focusing on the acquisition of somatic mutations, clonal selection, driver mutation cooperation, and tumor evolution.

scholarly journals Exploring the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Leisure Walking Based on the Demand of Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4105
Author(s):  
Yupei Jiang ◽  
Honghu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefits ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
The Impact

Leisure walking has been an important topic in space-time behavior and public health research. However, prior studies pay little attention to the integration and the characterization of diverse and multilevel demands of leisure walking. This study constructs a theoretical framework of leisure walking behavior demands from three different dimensions and levels of activity participation, space-time opportunity, and health benefit. On this basis, through a face-to-face survey in Nanjing, China (N = 1168, 2017–2018 data), this study quantitatively analyzes the characteristics of leisure walking demands, as well as the impact of the built environment and individual factors on it. The results show that residents have a high demand for participation and health benefits of leisure walking. The residential neighborhood provides more space opportunities for leisure walking, but there is a certain constraint on the choice of walking time. Residential neighborhood with medium or large parks is more likely to satisfy residents’ demands for engaging in leisure walking and obtaining high health benefits, while neighborhood with a high density of walking paths tends to limit the satisfaction of demands for space opportunity and health benefit. For residents aged 36 and above, married, or retired, their diverse demands for leisure walking are more likely to be fulfilled, while those with high education, medium-high individual income, general and above health status, or children (<18 years) are less likely to be fulfilled. These finding that can have important implications for the healthy neighborhood by fully considering diverse and multilevel demands of leisure walking behavior.

scholarly journals Size-resolved characterization of organic aerosol in the North China Plain: new insights from high resolution spectral analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqi Xu ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
Yanmei Qiu ◽  
Conghui Xie ◽  
Yunle Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

Organic aerosol (OA), a large fraction of fine particles, has a large impact on climate radiative forcing and human health, and the impact depends strongly on size distributions. Here we...

scholarly journals Modified Gold Nanoparticles for Efficient Delivery of Betulinic Acid to Cancer Cell Mitochondria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5072
Author(s):  
Olakunle Oladimeji ◽  
Jude Akinyelu ◽  
Aliscia Daniels ◽  
Moganavelli Singh
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Mitochondrial Targeting ◽  
The Impact

Advances in nanomedicine have seen the adaptation of nanoparticles (NPs) for subcellular delivery for enhanced therapeutic impact and reduced side effects. The pivotal role of the mitochondria in apoptosis and their potential as a target in cancers enables selective induction of cancer cell death. In this study, we examined the mitochondrial targeted delivery of betulinic acid (BA) by the mitochondriotropic TPP+-functionalized epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-capped gold NPs (AuNPs), comparing the impact of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly-L-lysine-graft-polyethylene glycol (PLL-g-PEG) copolymer on delivery efficacy. This included the assessment of their cellular uptake, mitochondrial localization and efficacy as therapeutic delivery platforms for BA in the human Caco-2, HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. These mitochondrial-targeted nanocomplexes demonstrated significant inhibition of cancer cell growth, with targeted nanocomplexes recording IC50 values in the range of 3.12–13.2 µM compared to that of the free BA (9.74–36.31 µM) in vitro, demonstrating the merit of mitochondrial targeting. Their mechanisms of action implicated high amplitude mitochondrial depolarization, caspases 3/7 activation, with an associated arrest at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. This nano-delivery system is a potentially viable platform for mitochondrial-targeted delivery of BA and highlights mitochondrial targeting as an option in cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Real-Time Challenging of ERα Y537S Mutant Transcriptional Activity in Living Cells

Endocrines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Manuela Cipolletti ◽  
Sara Pescatori ◽  
Filippo Acconcia
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Estrogen Responsive Element ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Responsive Element ◽  
Mcf 7

Metastatic estrogen receptor α (ERα)-expressing breast cancer (BC) occurs after prolonged patient treatment with endocrine therapy (ET) (e.g., aromatase inhibitors—AI; 4OH-tamoxifen—4OH-Tam). Often these metastatic BCs express a mutated ERα variant (e.g., Y537S), which is transcriptionally hyperactive, sustains uncontrolled proliferation, and renders tumor cells insensitive to ET drugs. Therefore, new molecules blocking hyperactive Y537S ERα mutation transcriptional activity are requested. Here we generated an MCF-7 cell line expressing the Y537S ERα mutation stably expressing an estrogen-responsive element (ERE) promoter, which activity can be monitored in living cells. Characterization of this cell line shows both hyperactive basal transcriptional activity with respect to normal MCF-7 cells, which stably express the same ERE-based promoter and a decreased effect of selective ER downregulators (SERDs) in reducing Y537S ERα mutant transcriptional activity with respect to wild type ERα transcriptional activity. Kinetic profiles of Y537S ERα mutant-based transcription produced by both drugs inducing receptor degradation and siRNA-mediated depletion of specific proteins (e.g., FOXA1 and caveolin1) reveals biphasic dynamics of the inhibition of the receptor-regulated transcriptional effects. Overall, we report a new model where to study the behavior of the Y537S ERα mutant that can be used for the identification of new targets and pathways regulating the Y537S ERα transcriptional activity.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Indentation Punch on High Energy Lithium Pouch Cells and Simulated Model Improvement

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1971
Author(s):  
Lihua Ye ◽  
Muhammad Muzamal Ashfaq ◽  
Aiping Shi ◽  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Yefan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Mechanical Deformation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Punch Test ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Model Cell ◽  
The Impact

In this research, the aim relates to the material characterization of high-energy lithium-ion pouch cells. The development of appropriate model cell behavior is intended to simulate two scenarios: the first is mechanical deformation during a crash and the second is an internal short circuit in lithium-ion cells during the actual effect scenarios. The punch test has been used as a benchmark to analyze the effects of different state of charge conditions on high-energy lithium-ion battery cells. This article explores the impact of three separate factors on the outcomes of mechanical punch indentation experiments. The first parameter analyzed was the degree of prediction brought about by experiments on high-energy cells with two different states of charge (greater and lesser), with four different sizes of indentation punch, from the cell’s reaction during the indentation effects on electrolyte. Second, the results of the loading position, middle versus side, are measured at quasi-static speeds. The third parameter was the effect on an electrolyte with a different state of charge. The repeatability of the experiments on punch loading was the last test function analyzed. The test results of a greater than 10% state of charge and less than 10% state of charge were compared to further refine and validate this modeling method. The different loading scenarios analyzed in this study also showed great predictability in the load-displacement reaction and the onset short circuit. A theoretical model of the cell was modified for use in comprehensive mechanical deformation. The overall conclusion found that the loading initiating the cell’s electrical short circuit is not instantaneously instigated and it is subsequently used to process the development of a precise and practical computational model that will reduce the chances of the internal short course during the crash.

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