scholarly journals Thoracic spinal cord lesions are influenced by the degree of cervical spine involvement in multiple sclerosis

Spinal Cord ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
L H Hua ◽  
S L Donlon ◽  
M J Sobhanian ◽  
S M Portner ◽  
D T Okuda
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

scholarly journals Association Between Thoracic Spinal Cord Gray Matter Atrophy and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Schlaeger ◽  
Nico Papinutto ◽  
Alyssa H. Zhu ◽  
Iryna V. Lobach ◽  
Carolyn J. Bevan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Gray Matter Atrophy ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

scholarly journals Impact of Astrocyte Depletion upon Inflammation and Demyelination in a Murine Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allnoch ◽  
Baumgärtner ◽  
Hansmann
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
The Impact

Astrocytes play a key role in demyelinating diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS), although many of their functions remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of astrocyte depletion upon de- and remyelination, inflammation, axonal damage, and virus distribution in Theiler`s murine encephalomyelitis (TME). Groups of two to six glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-thymidine-kinase transgenic SJL mice and SJL wildtype mice were infected with TME virus (TMEV) or mock (vehicle only). Astrocyte depletion was induced by the intraperitoneal administration of ganciclovir during the early and late phase of TME. The animals were clinically investigated while using a scoring system and a rotarod performance test. Necropsies were performed at 46 and 77 days post infection. Cervical and thoracic spinal cord segments were investigated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), luxol fast blue-cresyl violet (LFB), immunohistochemistry targeting Amigo2, aquaporin 4, CD3, CD34, GFAP, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), myelin basic protein (MBP), non-phosphorylated neurofilaments (np-NF), periaxin, S100A10, TMEV, and immunoelectron microscopy. The astrocyte depleted mice showed a deterioration of clinical signs, a downregulation and disorganization of aquaporin 4 in perivascular astrocytes accompanied by vascular leakage. Furthermore, astrocyte depleted mice showed reduced inflammation and lower numbers of TMEV positive cells in the spinal cord. The present study indicates that astrocyte depletion in virus triggered CNS diseases contributes to a deterioration of clinical signs that are mediated by a dysfunction of perivascular astrocytes.

scholarly journals Central neuropathic pain in MS is due to distinct thoracic spinal cord lesions

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darin T. Okuda ◽  
Kara Melmed ◽  
Takashi Matsuwaki ◽  
Anders Blomqvist ◽  
Arthur D. Bud Craig
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

scholarly journals Intermittent Atrioventricular Block following Fingolimod Initiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gialafos ◽  
S. Gerakoulis ◽  
A. Grigoriou ◽  
V. Haina ◽  
C. Kilidireas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Sympathetic Function ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Cardiac Sympathetic Function ◽  
Upper Thoracic

A 47-year-old female patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) developed symptomatic intermittent 2nd degree atrioventricular block (AVB) of five-hour duration, five hours after the first two doses of fingolimod, that resolved completely. Frequency domain analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) revealed increased parasympathetic activity and decreased sympathetic tone, while modified Ewing tests were suggestive of impaired cardiac sympathetic function. We hypothesize that expression of this particular arrhythmia might be related to autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction due to demyelinating lesions in the upper thoracic spinal cord, possibly augmented by the parasympathetic effect of the drug.

scholarly journals Acute Polyradiculomyelitis With Spinal Cord Gray Matter Lesions: A Report of Two Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charidimos Tsagkas ◽  
Maria Janina Wendebourg ◽  
Matthias Mehling ◽  
Johannes Lorscheider ◽  
Philippe Lyrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Bowel Dysfunction ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

Objective: Inflammatory polyradiculomyelitis belongs to a rare group of immune-mediated diseases affecting both the central and peripheral nervous system. We aimed to describe an unusual presentation of acute polyradiculomyelitis with marked spinal cord lesions restricted to the gray matter.Methods: Thorough examination of two case reports including clinical, MRI, serologic, electrophysiologic and CSF examinations as well as short-term follow-up.Results: We present two adult patients with acute polyradiculomyelitis and unusual spinal cord lesions restricted to the gray matter on MRI. The clinical presentation, serologic, electrophysiologic and CSF features of the two patients varied, whereas both patients demonstrated severe, asymmetrical, predominantly distal, motor deficits of the lower extremities as well as bladder and bowel dysfunction. Both patients only partially responded to anti-inflammatory treatment. Severe motor impairment and bladder dysfunction persisted even months after symptom onset.Conclusions: To our best of knowledge, these are the first reports of acute polyradiculomyelitis with distinct involvement of the lower thoracic spinal cord gray matter. Currently, it remains unclear whether gray matter lesions reflect a separate pathophysiologic mechanism or an exceedingly rare presentation of spinal cord involvement in acute polyradiculomyelitis.

scholarly journals Syringomyelia in demyelinating disease of the central nervous system: Report of two cases

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 657-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Savic ◽  
Slobodan Vojinovic ◽  
Mirjana Spasic ◽  
Zoran Peric ◽  
Stevo Lukic
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction. Syringomyelia is a cavitary extension inside the spinal cord which can be either symptomatic or congenitally-idiopathic. Syringomyelia during the course of the disease in patients presenting with clinically definite multiple sclerosis was described earlier. Syringomyelia in patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis is unusual. Case Outline. We present two patients presenting with demy-elinating disease of the central nervous system with syringomyelia in the cervical and thoracic spinal cord. We did not find classical clinical signs of syringomyelia in our patients, but we disclosed syringomyelia incidentally during magnetic resonance exploration. Magnetic resonance exploration using the gadolinium contrast revealed the signs of active demyelinating lesions in the spinal cord in one patient but not in the other. Conclusion. Syringomyelia in demyelinating disease of the central nervous system opens the question whether it is a coincidental finding or a part of clinical features of the disease. Differentiation of the significance of syringomyelia finding in these patients plays a role in the choice of treatment concept in such patients.

Cardiovascular responses to arm static exercise in men with thoracic spinal cord lesions

2011 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Sakamoto ◽  
Takeshi Nakamura ◽  
Yasunori Umemoto ◽  
Yumi Koike ◽  
Yusuke Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Static Exercise ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal
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