scholarly journals Intermittent Atrioventricular Block following Fingolimod Initiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gialafos ◽  
S. Gerakoulis ◽  
A. Grigoriou ◽  
V. Haina ◽  
C. Kilidireas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Sympathetic Function ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Cardiac Sympathetic Function ◽  
Upper Thoracic

A 47-year-old female patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) developed symptomatic intermittent 2nd degree atrioventricular block (AVB) of five-hour duration, five hours after the first two doses of fingolimod, that resolved completely. Frequency domain analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) revealed increased parasympathetic activity and decreased sympathetic tone, while modified Ewing tests were suggestive of impaired cardiac sympathetic function. We hypothesize that expression of this particular arrhythmia might be related to autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction due to demyelinating lesions in the upper thoracic spinal cord, possibly augmented by the parasympathetic effect of the drug.

Influence of CNS T2-focal lesions on cervical cord atrophy and disability in multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1402-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Pravatà ◽  
Paola Valsasina ◽  
Claudio Gobbi ◽  
Chiara Zecca ◽  
Gianna C Riccitelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Upper Thoracic

Background: Mechanisms associated with cervical spinal cord (CSC) and upper thoracic spinal cord (TSC) atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. Objective: To assess the influence of brain, CSC and TSC T2-hyperintense lesions on cord atrophy and disability in MS. Methods: Thirty-four MS patients underwent 3T brain, cervical and thoracic cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score assessment. CSC/TSC lesion number and volume (LV), whole-brain and cortico-spinal tract (CST) LVs were obtained. Normalized whole CSC and upper TSC cross-sectional areas (CSAn) were also derived. Age- and sex-adjusted regression models assessed associations of brain/cord lesions with CSAn and EDSS and identified variables independently associated with CSAn and EDSS with a stepwise variable selection. Results: CSC CSAn (β = −0.36, p = 0.03) and TSC CSAn (β = −0.60, p < 0.001) were associated with CSC T2 LV. EDSS (median = 3.0) was correlated with CSC T2 LV (β = 0.42, p = 0.01), brain (β = 0.34, p = 0.04) and CST LV (β = 0.35, p = 0.03). The multivariate analysis retained CSC LV as significant predictor of CSC CSAn ( R2 = 0.20, p = 0.023) and TSC CSAn ( R2 = 0.51, p < 0.001) and retained CSC and CST LVs as significant predictors of EDSS ( R2 = 0.55, p = 0.001). Conclusions: CSC LV is an independent predictor of cord atrophy. When neurological impairment is relatively mild, central nervous system (CNS) lesion burden is a better correlate of disability than atrophy.

An upper thoracic spinal cord tumor presenting as hemifacial hyperhidrosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cumhur Kilinçer ◽  
Levent Öztürk ◽  
M. Kemal Hamamcioglu ◽  
Emre Altunrende ◽  
Sebahattin Çobanoglu
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumor ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Upper Thoracic

scholarly journals Association Between Thoracic Spinal Cord Gray Matter Atrophy and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Schlaeger ◽  
Nico Papinutto ◽  
Alyssa H. Zhu ◽  
Iryna V. Lobach ◽  
Carolyn J. Bevan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Gray Matter Atrophy ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

scholarly journals Upper thoracic spinal cord herniation after traumatic nerve root avulsion

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 306-309
Author(s):  
Victor R. DaSilva ◽  
Mubarak Al-Gahtany ◽  
Rajiv Midha ◽  
Dipanka Sarma ◽  
Perry Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Spinal Cord Herniation ◽  
Nerve Root Avulsion ◽  
Upper Thoracic

✓ Transdural herniation of the spinal cord, a rare but well-documented entity, has been reported sporadically for more than 25 years as a possible cause for various neurological signs and symptoms ranging from isolated sensory or motor findings to myelopathy and Brown–Séquard syndrome. The authors report, to the best of their knowledge, the first case of upper thoracic spinal cord herniation occurring after traumatic nerve root avulsion.

scholarly journals Impact of Astrocyte Depletion upon Inflammation and Demyelination in a Murine Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allnoch ◽  
Baumgärtner ◽  
Hansmann
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
The Impact

Astrocytes play a key role in demyelinating diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS), although many of their functions remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of astrocyte depletion upon de- and remyelination, inflammation, axonal damage, and virus distribution in Theiler`s murine encephalomyelitis (TME). Groups of two to six glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-thymidine-kinase transgenic SJL mice and SJL wildtype mice were infected with TME virus (TMEV) or mock (vehicle only). Astrocyte depletion was induced by the intraperitoneal administration of ganciclovir during the early and late phase of TME. The animals were clinically investigated while using a scoring system and a rotarod performance test. Necropsies were performed at 46 and 77 days post infection. Cervical and thoracic spinal cord segments were investigated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), luxol fast blue-cresyl violet (LFB), immunohistochemistry targeting Amigo2, aquaporin 4, CD3, CD34, GFAP, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), myelin basic protein (MBP), non-phosphorylated neurofilaments (np-NF), periaxin, S100A10, TMEV, and immunoelectron microscopy. The astrocyte depleted mice showed a deterioration of clinical signs, a downregulation and disorganization of aquaporin 4 in perivascular astrocytes accompanied by vascular leakage. Furthermore, astrocyte depleted mice showed reduced inflammation and lower numbers of TMEV positive cells in the spinal cord. The present study indicates that astrocyte depletion in virus triggered CNS diseases contributes to a deterioration of clinical signs that are mediated by a dysfunction of perivascular astrocytes.

Upper Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury Without Vertebral Bony Lesion: A Report of Two Cases

Spine ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (21) ◽  
pp. E467-E470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munehisa Koizumi ◽  
Yurito Ueda ◽  
Jin Iida ◽  
Etsuhiro Matsuyama ◽  
Takafumi Yoshikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Bony Lesion ◽  
Upper Thoracic

scholarly journals The Preventive Effect of Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation Induced by 6-OHDA on Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: The Changes of lncRNA/circRNAs-miRNA-mRNA Network of the Upper Thoracic Spinal Cord in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Zhixiao Li ◽  
Yujuan Li ◽  
Zhigang He ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Weiguo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Sympathetic Denervation ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Upper Thoracic ◽  
Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation

In this study, we investigated whether chemical 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) stimuli caused cardiac sympathetic denervation (SD), and we analyzed gene expression profiles to determine the changes in the lncRNA/circRNAs-miRNA-mRNA network in the affected spinal cord segments to identify putative target genes and molecular pathways in rats with myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI). Our results showed that cardiac sympathetic denervation induced by 6-OHDA alleviated MIRI. Compared with the ischemia reperfusion (IR, MIRI model) group, there were 148 upregulated and 51 downregulated mRNAs, 165 upregulated and 168 downregulated lncRNAs, 70 upregulated and 52 downregulated circRNAs, and 12 upregulated and 11 downregulated miRNAs in the upper thoracic spinal cord of the SD-IR group. Furthermore, we found that the differential genes related to cellular components were mainly enriched in extracellular and cortical cytoskeleton, and molecular functions were mainly enriched in chemokine activity. Pathway analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly related to the interaction of cytokines and cytokine receptors, sodium ion reabsorption, cysteine and methionine metabolism, mucoglycan biosynthesis, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, the lncRNA/circRNAs-miRNA-mRNA networks in the upper thoracic spinal cord play an important role in the preventive effect of cardiac sympathetic denervation induced by 6-OHDA on MIRI, which offers new insights into the pathogenesis of MIRI and provides new targets for MIRI.

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