scholarly journals Liganded retinoic acid X receptor α represses connexin 43 through a potential retinoic acid response element in the promoter region

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyi Gu ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
Yixiang Lin ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element

Retinoic acid triggers c-kit gene expression in spermatogonial stem cells through an enhanceosome constituted between transcription factor binding sites for retinoic acid response element (RARE), spleen focus forming virus proviral integration oncogene (SPFI1) (PU.1) and E26 transformation-specific (ETS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swanand Koli ◽  
Ayan Mukherjee ◽  
Kudumula Venkata Rami Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cell ◽  
Proviral Integration ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element ◽  
Kit Gene

Restricted availability of retinoic acid (RA) in the testicular milieu regulates transcriptional activity of c-kit (KIT, CD117), which aids in the determination of spermatogonial stem-cell differentiation. The effect of RA on c-kit has been reported previously, but its mode of genomic action remains unresolved. We studied the molecular machinery guiding RA responsiveness to the c-kit gene using spermatogonial stem-cell line C18–4 and primary spermatogonial cells. A novel retinoic acid response element (RARE) positioned at –989 nucleotides upstream of the transcription start site (TSS) was identified, providing a binding site for a dimeric RA receptor (i.e. retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARγ) and retinoic X receptor). RA treatment influenced c-kit promoter activity, along with endogenous c-kit expression in C18–4 cells. A comprehensive promoter deletion assay using the pGL3B reporter system characterised the region spanning –271 bp and –1011 bp upstream of the TSS, which function as minimal promoter and maximal promoter, respectively. In silico analysis predicted that the region –1011 to +58 bp comprised the distal enhancer RARE and activators such as spleen focus forming virus proviral integration oncogene (SPFI1) (PU.1), specificity protein 1 (SP1) and four E26 transformation-specific (ETS) tandem binding sites at the proximal region. Gel retardation and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed binding for RARγ, PU.1 and SP1 to the predicted consensus binding sequences, whereas GABPα occupied only two out of four ETS binding sites within the c-kit promoter region. We propose that for RA response, an enhanceosome is orchestrated through scaffolding of a CREB-binding protein (CBP)/p300 molecule between RARE and elements in the proximal promoter region, controlling germ-line expression of the c-kit gene. This study outlines the fundamental role played by RARγ, along with other non-RAR transcription factors (PU.1, SP1 and GABPα), in the regulation of c-kit expression in spermatogonial stem cells in response to RA.

Cloning and Characterization of the Murine PKC α Promoter: Identification of a Retinoic Acid Response Element

1999 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinakar S. Desai ◽  
Syu-ichi Hirai ◽  
William E. Karnes ◽  
Richard M. Niles ◽  
Shi-geo Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element

scholarly journals Cytochrome P450RAI(CYP26) Promoter: A Distinct Composite Retinoic Acid Response Element Underlies the Complex Regulation of Retinoic Acid Metabolism

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1483-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Loudig ◽  
Charolyn Babichuk ◽  
Jay White ◽  
Suzan Abu-Abed ◽  
Chris Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element ◽  
Complex Regulation
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