scholarly journals A Possible Mechanism of Zika Virus Associated Microcephaly: Imperative Role of Retinoic Acid Response Element (RARE) Consensus Sequence Repeats in the Viral Genome

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Himanshu N. Singh ◽  
Vikas Pareek ◽  
Khursheed Raza ◽  
Subrahamanyam Dantham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element

scholarly journals Identification of a retinoic acid response element upstream of the murine Hox-4.2 gene.

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Pöpperl ◽  
M S Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element ◽  
Ec Cells

Hox genes play an important role in the process of vertebrate pattern formation, and their expression is intricately regulated both temporally and spatially. All-trans-retinoic acid (RA), a physiologically active metabolite of vitamin A, affects the expression of a large number of Hox genes in vitro and in vivo. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the RA response of these genes have not been extensively studied, and no response element for RA receptors (RARs) has been characterized in a Hox regulatory region. The expression of murine Hox-4.2 and its human homolog, HOX4B, is increased in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines upon RA treatment (M. S. Featherstone, A. Baron, S. J. Gaunt, M.-G. Mattei, and D. Duboule, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:4760-4764, 1988; A. Simeone, D. Acampora, V. Nigro, A. Faiella, M. D'Esposito, A. Stornaiuolo, F. Mavilio, and E. Boncinelli, Mech. Dev. 33:215-228, 1991). Using transient expression assays, we showed that luciferase reporter gene constructs carrying genomic sequences located upstream of Hox-4.2 responded to RA in murine P19 EC cells. A 402-bp NcoI fragment was necessary for the RA responsiveness of reporter constructs. This fragment contained a regulatory element, 5'-AGGTGA(N)5AGGTCA-3', that closely resembles the consensus sequence for an RA response element. The Hox-4.2 RA response element was critical for the RA induction and specifically bound RARs. In addition, the response to RA could be inhibited by expressing a dominant negative form of RAR alpha in transfected P19 EC cells. These results suggested that Hox-4.2 is a target for RAR-mediated regulation by RA.

scholarly journals The role of a retinoic acid response element in establishing the anterior neural expression border of Hoxd4 transgenes

2003 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof Nolte ◽  
Angel Amores ◽  
Erzsébet Nagy Kovács ◽  
John Postlethwait ◽  
Mark Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element

Identification of a retinoic acid response element upstream of the murine Hox-4.2 gene

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Pöpperl ◽  
M S Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element ◽  
Ec Cells

Hox genes play an important role in the process of vertebrate pattern formation, and their expression is intricately regulated both temporally and spatially. All-trans-retinoic acid (RA), a physiologically active metabolite of vitamin A, affects the expression of a large number of Hox genes in vitro and in vivo. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the RA response of these genes have not been extensively studied, and no response element for RA receptors (RARs) has been characterized in a Hox regulatory region. The expression of murine Hox-4.2 and its human homolog, HOX4B, is increased in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines upon RA treatment (M. S. Featherstone, A. Baron, S. J. Gaunt, M.-G. Mattei, and D. Duboule, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:4760-4764, 1988; A. Simeone, D. Acampora, V. Nigro, A. Faiella, M. D'Esposito, A. Stornaiuolo, F. Mavilio, and E. Boncinelli, Mech. Dev. 33:215-228, 1991). Using transient expression assays, we showed that luciferase reporter gene constructs carrying genomic sequences located upstream of Hox-4.2 responded to RA in murine P19 EC cells. A 402-bp NcoI fragment was necessary for the RA responsiveness of reporter constructs. This fragment contained a regulatory element, 5'-AGGTGA(N)5AGGTCA-3', that closely resembles the consensus sequence for an RA response element. The Hox-4.2 RA response element was critical for the RA induction and specifically bound RARs. In addition, the response to RA could be inhibited by expressing a dominant negative form of RAR alpha in transfected P19 EC cells. These results suggested that Hox-4.2 is a target for RAR-mediated regulation by RA.

Role of a conserved retinoic acid response element in rhombomere restriction of Hoxb-1

Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 265 (5179) ◽  
pp. 1728-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Studer ◽  
H Popperl ◽  
H Marshall ◽  
A Kuroiwa ◽  
R Krumlauf
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element

Cloning and Characterization of the Murine PKC α Promoter: Identification of a Retinoic Acid Response Element

1999 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinakar S. Desai ◽  
Syu-ichi Hirai ◽  
William E. Karnes ◽  
Richard M. Niles ◽  
Shi-geo Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Retinoic Acid Response Element
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