Association of Pericardial Fat With Liver Fat and Insulin Sensitivity After Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Overweight Women

Obesity ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Bosy-Westphal ◽  
Elke Kossel ◽  
Kristin Goele ◽  
Thordis Blöcker ◽  
Merit Lagerpusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Pericardial Fat ◽  
Overweight Women

scholarly journals Reduced sCD36 following weight loss corresponds to improved insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia and liver fat in obese children

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Knøsgaard ◽  
K Kazankov ◽  
N H Birkebæk ◽  
P Holland-Fischer ◽  
A Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Obese Children

scholarly journals The effect of intermittent energy and carbohydrate restrictionv. daily energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic disease risk markers in overweight women

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 1534-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Harvie ◽  
Claire Wright ◽  
Mary Pegington ◽  
Debbie McMullan ◽  
Ellen Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Daily Energy

Intermittent energy restriction may result in greater improvements in insulin sensitivity and weight control than daily energy restriction (DER). We tested two intermittent energy and carbohydrate restriction (IECR) regimens, including one which allowedad libitumprotein and fat (IECR+PF). Overweight women (n115) aged 20 and 69 years with a family history of breast cancer were randomised to an overall 25 % energy restriction, either as an IECR (2500–2717 kJ/d, < 40 g carbohydrate/d for 2 d/week) or a 25 % DER (approximately 6000 kJ/d for 7 d/week) or an IECR+PF for a 3-month weight-loss period and 1 month of weight maintenance (IECR or IECR+PF for 1 d/week). Insulin resistance reduced with the IECR diets (mean − 0·34 (95 % CI − 0·66, − 0·02) units) and the IECR+PF diet (mean − 0·38 (95 % CI − 0·75, − 0·01) units). Reductions with the IECR diets were significantly greater compared with the DER diet (mean 0·2 (95 % CI − 0·19, 0·66) μU/unit,P= 0·02). Both IECR groups had greater reductions in body fat compared with the DER group (IECR: mean − 3·7 (95 % CI − 2·5, − 4·9) kg,P= 0·007; IECR+PF: mean − 3·7 (95 % CI − 2·8, − 4·7) kg,P= 0·019; DER: mean − 2·0 (95 % CI − 1·0, 3·0) kg). During the weight maintenance phase, 1 d of IECR or IECR+PF per week maintained the reductions in insulin resistance and weight. In the short term, IECR is superior to DER with respect to improved insulin sensitivity and body fat reduction. Longer-term studies into the safety and effectiveness of IECR diets are warranted.

scholarly journals Similar Weight Loss Induces Greater Improvements in Insulin Sensitivity and Liver Function among Individuals with NAFLD Compared to Individuals without NAFLD

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Schübel ◽  
Tobias Nonnenmacher ◽  
Disorn Sookthai ◽  
Sandra Gonzalez Maldonado ◽  
Solomon Sowah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests that weight loss among obese has differential metabolic effects depending on the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We assessed whether NAFLD predisposes to differential changes in liver fat content, liver function, and metabolic parameters upon diet-induced weight loss in a 50-week intervention trial. Methods: 143 overweight and obese non-smokers underwent a 12-week dietary intervention and a 38-week follow-up. Diet-induced changes in anthropometric measures, circulating biomarkers, and magnetic resonance (MR)-derived liver fat content and adipose tissue volumes were evaluated by mixed linear models stratifying by NAFLD at baseline. Results: The prevalence of NAFLD at baseline was 52%. Diet-induced weight loss after 12 (NAFLD: 4.8 ± 0.5%, No NAFLD: 5.1 ± 0.5%) and 50 weeks (NAFLD: 3.5 ± 0.7%, No NAFLD: 3.5 ± 0.9%) was similar in both groups, while the decrease in liver fat was significantly greater in the NAFLD group (week 12: 32.9 ± 9.5% vs. 6.3 ± 4.0%; week 50: 23.3 ± 4.4% vs. 5.0 ± 4.2%). Decreases in biomarkers of liver dysfunction (GGT, ALT, AST) and HOMA IR were also significantly greater in the NAFLD group. Other metabolic parameters showed no significant differences. Conclusion: Our data suggest that individuals with NAFLD show greater improvements of liver function and insulin sensitivity after moderate diet-induced weight loss than individuals without NAFLD.

scholarly journals Metabolically healthy obesity: what's in a name?

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faidon Magkos
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Visceral Adipose

ABSTRACT Metabolically healthy obesity refers to an obesity phenotype with no or little evidence of metabolic dysfunction. Lower liver fat content and visceral adipose tissue, greater insulin sensitivity and secretion, greater cardiorespiratory fitness, and a predominantly lower body (i.e., leg) fat deposition are key physiological traits of a metabolically healthy phenotype. About 35% of all subjects with obesity are metabolically healthy. These individuals have approximately half the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease compared with metabolically unhealthy subjects with obesity, but they still have a significantly greater risk (by 50–300%) compared with metabolically healthy lean subjects. Therefore, absence of metabolic risk factors in people with obesity should not be a contraindication for weight-loss treatment. Metabolically healthy obesity needs to be treated, and this need is reinforced by the fact that this phenotype is not stable over time, as ∼50% of these subjects will cease being metabolically healthy within ∼10 y. Intervening early is therefore important. Weight loss dose-dependently decreases visceral adipose tissue and liver fat content, and it improves multiorgan insulin sensitivity and β-cell function (i.e., it beneficially affects many of the physiological traits of a metabolically healthy phenotype); however, weight loss is very difficult to maintain. This typically results in disappointment among patients and hinders adherence, which is likely critical for the limited success of most weight-loss treatments in the long term. On the other hand, using ≥1 metabolic health targets in a non-weight-loss-centered treatment paradigm that includes prudent dietary changes and increased physical activity can serve as an appropriate first goal that can help motivate patients toward the long-term goals of obesity treatment.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise but not resistance exercise reduces intrahepatic lipid content and visceral fat and improves insulin sensitivity in obese adolescent girls: a randomized controlled trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (10) ◽  
pp. E1222-E1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
SoJung Lee ◽  
Anthony R. Deldin ◽  
David White ◽  
YoonMyung Kim ◽  
Ingrid Libman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Intrahepatic Lipid

It is unclear whether regular exercise alone (no caloric restriction) is a useful strategy to reduce adiposity and obesity-related metabolic risk factors in obese girls. We examined the effects of aerobic (AE) vs. resistance exercise (RE) alone on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intrahepatic lipid, and insulin sensitivity in obese girls. Forty-four obese adolescent girls (BMI ≥95th percentile, 12–18 yr) with abdominal obesity (waist circumference 106.5 ± 11.1 cm) were randomized to 3 mo of 180 min/wk AE ( n = 16) or RE ( n = 16) or a nonexercising control group ( n = 12). Total fat and VAT were assessed by MRI and intrahepatic lipid by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Intermuscular AT (IMAT) was measured by CT. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by a 3-h hyperinsulinemic (80 mU·m2·min−1) euglycemic clamp. Compared with controls (0.13 ± 1.10 kg), body weight did not change ( P > 0.1) in the AE (−1.31 ± 1.43 kg) and RE (−0.31 ± 1.38 kg) groups. Despite the absence of weight loss, total body fat (%) and IMAT decreased ( P < 0.05) in both exercise groups compared with control. Compared with control, significant ( P < 0.05) reductions in VAT (Δ−15.68 ± 7.64 cm2) and intrahepatic lipid (Δ−1.70 ± 0.74%) and improvement in insulin sensitivity (Δ0.92 ± 0.27 mg·kg−1·min−1 per μU/ml) were observed in the AE group but not the RE group. Improvements in insulin sensitivity in the AE group were associated with the reductions in total AT mass ( r = −0.65, P = 0.02). In obese adolescent girls, AE but not RE is effective in reducing liver fat and visceral adiposity and improving insulin sensitivity independent of weight loss or calorie restriction.

scholarly journals Diet-induced weight loss alters hepatic glucocorticoid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
Andreas Stomby ◽  
Julia Otten ◽  
Mats Ryberg ◽  
Ruth Andrew ◽  
Brian R Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cortisol Metabolism ◽  
Glucocorticoid Metabolism

Context Altered tissue-specific glucocorticoid metabolism has been described in uncomplicated obesity and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that weight loss induced by diet and exercise, which has previously been shown to reverse abnormal cortisol metabolism in uncomplicated obesity, also normalizes cortisol metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. Objective Test the effects of a diet intervention with added exercise on glucocorticoid metabolism. Design Two groups followed a Paleolithic diet (PD) for 12 weeks with added 180 min of structured aerobic and resistance exercise per week in one randomized group (PDEX). Setting Umeå University Hospital. Participants Men and women with type 2 diabetes treated with lifestyle modification ± metformin were included. Twenty-eight participants (PD, n = 15; PDEX, n = 13) completed measurements of glucocorticoid metabolism. Main outcome measures Changes in glucocorticoid metabolite levels in 24-h urine samples, expression of HSD11B1 mRNA in s.c. adipose tissue and conversion of orally administered cortisone to cortisol measured in plasma. Body composition and insulin sensitivity were measured using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and liver fat was measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results Both groups lost weight and improved insulin sensitivity. Conversion of orally taken cortisone to plasma cortisol and the ratio of 5α-THF + 5β-THF/THE in urine increased in both groups. Conclusions These interventions caused weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity with concomitant increases in the conversion of cortisone to cortisol, which is an estimate of hepatic HSD11B1 activity. This suggests that dysregulation of liver glucocorticoid metabolism in these patients is a consequence rather than a cause of metabolic dysfunction.

scholarly journals Weight Loss Reduces Liver Fat and Improves Hepatic and Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Adolescents

Obesity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1744-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette E. Vitola ◽  
Sheela Deivanayagam ◽  
Richard I. Stein ◽  
Balsamanirina S. Mohammed ◽  
Faidon Magkos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity

1854-P: Reduced Liver Fat Is Associated with Improved Insulin Sensitivity and Reduced ß-Cell Secretory Demand following Gastric Banding

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1854-P
Author(s):  
ANNY XIANG ◽  
JUN WU ◽  
TING CHOW ◽  
MAYRA P. MARTINEZ ◽  
DARRYL H. HWANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gastric Banding ◽  
Liver Fat
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document