scholarly journals Influence of Short-Term Consumption of the Caffeine-Free, Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Supplement, Teavigo, on Resting Metabolism and the Thermic Effect of Feeding

Obesity ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Lonac ◽  
Jennifer C. Richards ◽  
Melani M. Schweder ◽  
Tyler K. Johnson ◽  
Christopher Bell
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Resting Metabolism ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Thermic Effect

scholarly journals Digestibility and metabolic utilisation of dietary energy in adult sows: influence of addition and origin of dietary fibre

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Le Goff ◽  
L. Le Groumellec ◽  
J. van Milgen ◽  
S. Dubois ◽  
J. Noblet
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Maize Bran ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Thermic Effect ◽  
Measurement Period

According to a 4×4 Latin square design, four adult ovariectomised sows fed at a similar energy level (516 kJ ME/kg body weight (BW)0·75per d) received one of four diets successively: a control low-dietary-fibre (DF) diet (diet C, 100 g total DF/kg DM) and three fibre-rich diets (200 g total DF/kg DM) that corresponded to a combination of diet C and maize bran (diet MB), wheat bran (diet WB), or sugar-beet pulp (diet SBP). Sows were adapted to the diet for 12 d before an 8 d measurement period. Digestibility of energy and nutrients in the diets, and total heat production (HP) and its components (fasting HP, activity HP and thermic effect of feeding (TEF), were measured. The TEF was partitioned between a short-term component (TEFst) and a long-term component (TEFlt). Total tract digestibility of nutrients and energy was greater for diet C; among the three other diets, the digestibility coefficients were higher for diet SBP than for diets MB and WB. Energy losses from CH4were linearly related to the digestible total DF intake (+1·4 kJ/g). Fasting HP at zero activity averaged 260 kJ/kg BW0·75per d. Activity HP represented 20 % total HP, or 83 kJ/kg BW0·75per d on average. Total TEF and TEFltwere higher (P<0·05) for diet WB than for the other diets. However, total HP (406 kJ/kg BW0·75per d) was not significantly affected by diet characteristics. Our results suggest that metabolic utilisation of dietary energy is little affected by the addition and origin of DF, at least under the conditions of the present study.

scholarly journals Creatine Fuels the Thermic Effect of Feeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-595
Author(s):  
Alan R. Saltiel
Keyword(s):  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Thermic Effect

Effect of clonidine on the thermic effect of feeding in humans

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (1) ◽  
pp. R90-R94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Schwartz ◽  
L. F. Jaeger ◽  
R. C. Veith
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Line Energy ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
Skin Patch ◽  
Appearance Rate ◽  
Thyroid Metabolism ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Thermic Effect

Previous studies in humans attempting to assess the role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in the thermic effect of feeding (TEF) have investigated the effect of oral or intravenous propranolol on TEF. This approach is potentially limited, however, because of the direct effects of propranolol on catecholamine and thyroid metabolism. In the present study we chose instead to evaluate the effect of clonidine, a centrally acting alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist that inhibits SNS outflow, on TEF and SNS activity as reflected by both plasma catecholamines and norepinephrine (NE) kinetics. The TEF and SNS response to an 800-kcal high-carbohydrate liquid meal (85% carbohydrate, 15% protein) was studied in eight healthy male subjects (27 +/- 6 yr) on two separate occasions with the subjects wearing either a clonidine or placebo skin patch for 48 h prior to study. Clonidine significantly suppressed base-line plasma NE concentration (-46%, P less than 0.01) and NE appearance rate (-47%, P = 0.01) compared with placebo, whereas there was no significant effect on epinephrine concentrations, NE clearance rate, or base-line energy expenditure. The expected increments in plasma NE and NE appearance after a meal were also reduced by 54% (P less than 0.05) and 70% (P less than 0.01) of placebo values, respectively, after clonidine. Associated with this reduced SNS response to the meal was a blunting of the expected TEF by 33% (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals How much does it cost? Teaching physiology of energy metabolism in mice using an indirect calorimetry system in a practical course for veterinary students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Elfers ◽  
Yvonne Armbrecht ◽  
Melanie Brede ◽  
Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber ◽  
Gerhard Heldmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Direct Calorimetry ◽  
Teaching Unit ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Thermic Effect

In endothermic mammals total energy expenditure (EE) is composed of basal metabolic rate (BMR), energy spent for muscle activity, thermoregulation, any kind of production (such as milk, meat or egg production) and the thermic effect of feeding. The BMR is predominantly determined by body mass and the surface to volume ratio of the body. The EE can be quantified either by direct or indirect calorimetry. Direct calorimetry measures the rate of heat loss from the body, whereas indirect calorimetry measures oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production and calculates heat production from oxidative nutrient combustion. A deep and sustainable understanding of EE in animals is crucial for veterinarians in order to properly calculate and evaluate feed rations, during special circumstances such as anaesthesia or in situations with increased energy demands as commonly seen in high yielding livestock. The practical class described in this manuscript provides an experimental approach to understand how EE can be measured and calculated by indirect calorimetry. Two important factors that affect the EE of animals (the thermic effect of feeding and the effect of ambient temperature) are measured. A profound knowledge about the energy requirements of animal life and its measurement is also relevant for education in general biology, animal and human physiology and nutrition. Therefore, this teaching unit can equally well be implemented in other areas of life sciences.

In Vitro Metabolic Depression of Tissues from the Aestivating Frog Neobatrachus Pelobatoides

1991 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES E. FLANIGAN ◽  
PHILIP C. WITHERS ◽  
MICHAEL GUPPY
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Metabolic Depression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Summer Dormancy ◽  
Resting Metabolism ◽  
Assay Conditions

The desert frog Neobatrachus pelobatoides reduced its resting metabolism in vivo by 60–70% during 5–7 weeks of aestivation (summer dormancy). The rate ofoxygen consumption (V·OO2) of isolated and intact skeletal muscle, measured in vitro, was 70% lower for aestivating frogs compared with non-aestivating frogs. The cause of the reduced V·OO2 of aestivating frog muscle must lie in the tissue itself rather than being induced by external factors such as oxygen supply or bloodborne metabolites (because these were identical in the in vitro assay conditions), by any short-term effects produced by hormones (as these would have been washed out of the tissues during incubation) or by tissue dehydration (as the tissues from aestivating frogs had rehydrated to non-aestivating levels). The reduced in vitro muscle V·OO2 accounted for 60–77% of the frogs in vivo metabolic depression that accompanied aestivation. Other tissues of the aestivating frog, namely intestine, liver, skin and fat, did not have a reduced in vitro V·OO2. We suggest that metabolic depression is initiated by reduced energy demand in cells and this consequently leads to reduced energy production.

Hyperpolarization of thyroid cells in vitro by thyrotropin and cyclic AMP

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Batt ◽  
JM McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Mouse Thyroid

With the use of microelectrodes, membrane potential (MP) was measured in mouse thyroid glands in vitro. A basal resting MP of about -39 mV was confirmed. The initial effect of feeding a low-iodine diet (6-12 days) was hyperpolarization, up to -47 m V; chronic low-iodine diet led to depolarization. Low concentrations of thyrotropin (less than 3 mU/ml superfusate) caused hyperpolarization and high ones (greater than 10 mU/ml) led to depolarization. Cyclic AMP (10(-3) M), dibutyryl cyclic AMP (1.2 X 10(-4) M or 1.2 X 10(-3) M) and theophylline (10(-2) or 10(-3) M) caused similar hyperpolarization: D- and DL-propranolol (5 X 10(-5) -5 X 10(-4) M) produced depolarization and inhibited hyperpolarization by thyrotropin. Conclusions are that hyperpolarization is a consequence of short-term increased secretion of thyrotropin in vivo or of low (near physiological) concentrations in vitro; these effects are probably mediated by cyclic AMP. The relationship to and mechanism of depolarization resulting from chronic enhanced endogenous secretion or high in vitro concentrations of thyrotropin are unknown.

Genotype dependency of the thermic effect of a meal and associated hormonal changes following short-term overfeeding

Metabolism ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.T. Poehlman ◽  
A. Tremblay ◽  
E. Fontaine ◽  
J.P. Després ◽  
A. Nadeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Thermic Effect
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