The art and design of genetic screens: Caenorhabditis elegans

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik M. Jorgensen ◽  
Susan E. Mango
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Art And Design

scholarly journals Multiple Subunits of the Caenorhabditis elegans Anaphase-Promoting Complex Are Required for Chromosome Segregation During Meiosis I

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward S Davis ◽  
Lucia Wille ◽  
Barry A Chestnut ◽  
Penny L Sadler ◽  
Diane C Shakes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Anaphase Promoting Complex ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Interference Studies ◽  
Meiosis I

Abstract Two genes, originally identified in genetic screens for Caenorhabditis elegans mutants that arrest in metaphase of meiosis I, prove to encode subunits of the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C). RNA interference studies reveal that these and other APC/C subunits are essential for the segregation of chromosomal homologs during meiosis I. Further, chromosome segregation during meiosis I requires APC/C functions in addition to the release of sister chromatid cohesion.

The art and design of genetic screens: mouse

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 557-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin T. Kile ◽  
Douglas J. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Art And Design

scholarly journals Identification of Nonviable Genes Affecting Touch Sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans Using Neuronally Enhanced Feeding RNA Interference

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyin Chen ◽  
Margarete Diaz Cuadros ◽  
Martin Chalfie
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Tubulin Acetylation ◽  
Touch Receptor Neurons ◽  
Touch Sensitivity ◽  
Touch Response ◽  
Receptor Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Functions

Abstract Caenorhabditis elegans senses gentle touch along the body via six touch receptor neurons. Although genetic screens and microarray analyses have identified several genes needed for touch sensitivity, these methods miss pleiotropic genes that are essential for the viability, movement, or fertility of the animals. We used neuronally enhanced feeding RNA interference to screen genes that cause lethality or paralysis when mutated, and we identified 61 such genes affecting touch sensitivity, including five positive controls. We confirmed 18 genes by using available alleles, and further studied one of them, tag-170, now renamed txdc-9. txdc-9 preferentially affects anterior touch response but is needed for tubulin acetylation and microtubule formation in both the anterior and posterior touch receptor neurons. Our results indicate that neuronally enhanced feeding RNA interference screens complement traditional mutageneses by identifying additional nonviable genes needed for specific neuronal functions.

scholarly journals Evolved bacterial resistance against fluoropyrimidines can lower chemotherapy impact in the Caenorhabditis elegans host

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Rosener ◽  
Serkan Sayin ◽  
Peter O Oluoch ◽  
Aurian P García González ◽  
Hirotada Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Targeted Drugs ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
E Coli

Metabolism of host-targeted drugs by the microbiome can substantially impact host treatment success. However, since many host-targeted drugs inadvertently hamper microbiome growth, repeated drug administration can lead to microbiome evolutionary adaptation. We tested if evolved bacterial resistance against host-targeted drugs alters their drug metabolism and impacts host treatment success. We used a model system of Caenorhabditis elegans, its bacterial diet, and two fluoropyrimidine chemotherapies. Genetic screens revealed that most of loss-of-function resistance mutations in Escherichia coli also reduced drug toxicity in the host. We found that resistance rapidly emerged in E. coli under natural selection and converged to a handful of resistance mechanisms. Surprisingly, we discovered that nutrient availability during bacterial evolution dictated the dietary effect on the host – only bacteria evolving in nutrient-poor media reduced host drug toxicity. Our work suggests that bacteria can rapidly adapt to host-targeted drugs and by doing so may also impact the host.

The art and design of genetic screens: maize

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Candela ◽  
Sarah Hake
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Art And Design

The art and design of genetic screens: Escherichia coli

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard A. Shuman ◽  
Thomas J. Silhavy
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Art And Design

scholarly journals Identification of novel synaptonemal complex components in C. elegans

2020 ◽  
Vol 219 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Hurlock ◽  
Ivana Čavka ◽  
Lisa E. Kursel ◽  
Jocelyn Haversat ◽  
Matthew Wooten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Genetic Redundancy ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Superresolution Microscopy ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Biochemical Identification

The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a tripartite protein scaffold that forms between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Although the SC is essential for stable homologue pairing and crossover recombination in diverse eukaryotes, it is unknown how individual components assemble into the highly conserved SC structure. Here we report the biochemical identification of two new SC components, SYP-5 and SYP-6, in Caenorhabditis elegans. SYP-5 and SYP-6 are paralogous to each other and play redundant roles in synapsis, providing an explanation for why these genes have evaded previous genetic screens. Superresolution microscopy reveals that they localize between the chromosome axes and span the width of the SC in a head-to-head manner, similar to the orientation of other known transverse filament proteins. Using genetic redundancy and structure–function analyses to truncate C-terminal tails of SYP-5/6, we provide evidence supporting the role of SC in both limiting and promoting crossover formation.

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