scholarly journals Unexpected actions of vitamin D: new perspectives on the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S Adams ◽  
Martin Hewison
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity

scholarly journals Key Vitamin D Target Genes with Functions in the Immune System

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oona Koivisto ◽  
Andrea Hanel ◽  
Carsten Carlberg
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Monocytic Cell ◽  
Monocytic Cell Line ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity

The biologically active form of vitamin D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), modulates innate and adaptive immunity via genes regulated by the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). In order to identify the key vitamin D target genes involved in these processes, transcriptome-wide datasets were compared, which were obtained from a human monocytic cell line (THP-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated in vitro by 1,25(OH)2D3, filtered using different approaches, as well as from PBMCs of individuals supplemented with a vitamin D3 bolus. The led to the genes ACVRL1, CAMP, CD14, CD93, CEBPB, FN1, MAPK13, NINJ1, LILRB4, LRRC25, SEMA6B, SRGN, THBD, THEMIS2 and TREM1. Public epigenome- and transcriptome-wide data from THP-1 cells were used to characterize these genes based on the level of their VDR-driven enhancers as well as the level of the dynamics of their mRNA production. Both types of datasets allowed the categorization of the vitamin D target genes into three groups according to their role in (i) acute response to infection, (ii) infection in general and (iii) autoimmunity. In conclusion, 15 genes were identified as major mediators of the action of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity and their individual functions are explained based on different gene regulatory scenarios.

scholarly journals Self-Care for Common Colds: The Pivotal Role of Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Zinc, and Echinacea in Three Main Immune Interactive Clusters (Physical Barriers, Innate and Adaptive Immunity) Involved during an Episode of Common Colds—Practical Advice on Dosages and on the Time to Take These Nutrients/Botanicals in order to Prevent or Treat Common Colds

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Rondanelli ◽  
Alessandra Miccono ◽  
Silvia Lamburghini ◽  
Ilaria Avanzato ◽  
Antonella Riva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Preventive Role

Maintaining a normal healthy immune defense system lowers the incidence and/or the severity of symptoms and/or the duration of common cold (CC). Physical barriers and innate and adaptive immunity have been involved during a CC episode. Vitamins C and D, zinc, and Echinacea have evidence-based efficacy on these immune system barriers. This review includes 82 eligible studies to consider the preventive role of these nutrients in immune clusters and in CC to provide advice on dosage and assumption of these nutrients. Regarding vitamin C, regular supplementation (1 to 2 g/day) has shown that vitamin C reduces the duration (in adults by 8%, in children by 14%) and the severity of CC. Considering zinc, the supplementation may shorten the duration of colds by approximately 33%. CC patients may be instructed to try zinc within 24 hours of onset of symptoms. As for vitamin D, the supplementation protected against CC overall, considering baseline levels and age. Patients with vitamin D deficiency and those not receiving bolus doses experienced the most benefit. Regarding Echinacea, prophylactic treatment with this extract (2400 mg/day) over 4 months appeared to be beneficial for preventing/treating CC. In conclusion, the current evidence of efficacy for zinc, vitamins D and C, and Echinacea is so interesting that CC patients may be encouraged to try them for preventing/treating their colds, although further studies are needed on this topic.

scholarly journals Vitamin D, Inflammation and Osteoporosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 300-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Paolo Sainaghi ◽  
Antonello Gibbin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Physiological Processes

Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) commonly develop osteoporosis and fragility fractures. This fact cannot be explained only with the use of glucocorticoids, known to be detrimental for bone health. RA is characterized by a chronic inflammation caused by the continuous activation of innate and adaptive immunity with proinflammatory cytokines overproduction. This process is detrimental for several organs and physiological processes, including the impairment of bone remodeling. We will briefly review the pathogenesis of inflammation-related bone loss in RA, describing well-known and new molecular pathways and focusing on vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone role.

scholarly journals Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity by Vitamin D

Nutrients ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 8251-8260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Wei ◽  
Sylvia Christakos
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity

scholarly journals NRAMP1andVDRGene Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Venezuelan Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Fernández-Mestre ◽  
Ángel Villasmil ◽  
Howard Takiff ◽  
Zhenia Fuentes Alcalá
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Macrophage Protein ◽  
Venezuelan Population

Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp1) and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are central components of the innate and adaptive immunity againstMycobacterium tuberculosis, and associations between susceptibility to tuberculosis and polymorphisms in the genesNRAMPandVDRhave been sought in geographically diverse populations. We investigated associations ofNRAMP1andVDRgene polymorphisms with susceptibility to TB in the Venezuelan population. The results suggest the absence of any association betweenVDRvariantsFokI, ApaI, andTaqIand susceptibility to tuberculosis. In contrast, theNRAMP1 3′UTRvariants were associated with susceptibility toM. tuberculosisinfection, as seen in the comparisons between TST+ and TST− controls, and also with progression to TB disease, as shown in the comparisons between TB patients and TST+ controls. This study confirms the previously described association of theNRAMP1 3′UTRpolymorphism withM. tuberculosisinfection and disease progression.

scholarly journals ASTHMA – comparing the impact of vitamin D versus UVR on clinical and immune parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie A. Morgan ◽  
Elizabeth H. Mann ◽  
Antony R. Young ◽  
Catherine M. Hawrylowicz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Asthma Incidence ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Asthma is estimated to affect more than 300 million individuals worldwide. Vitamin D is increasingly believed to beneficially influence asthma incidence and control, likely due to effects on innate and adaptive immunity. The primary mechanism for increasing vitamin D in the body is via UVB radiation of skin, however whether UVB has comparable effects to vitamin D on relevant immune mechanisms and asthma is unclear.

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