scholarly journals Directly converting CO2 into a gasoline fuel

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wei ◽  
Qingjie Ge ◽  
Ruwei Yao ◽  
Zhiyong Wen ◽  
Chuanyan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Tandem Reaction ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Industrial Catalyst ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Multifunctional Catalyst

Abstract The direct production of liquid fuels from CO2 hydrogenation has attracted enormous interest for its significant roles in mitigating CO2 emissions and reducing dependence on petrochemicals. Here we report a highly efficient, stable and multifunctional Na–Fe3O4/HZSM-5 catalyst, which can directly convert CO2 to gasoline-range (C5–C11) hydrocarbons with selectivity up to 78% of all hydrocarbons while only 4% methane at a CO2 conversion of 22% under industrial relevant conditions. It is achieved by a multifunctional catalyst providing three types of active sites (Fe3O4, Fe5C2 and acid sites), which cooperatively catalyse a tandem reaction. More significantly, the appropriate proximity of three types of active sites plays a crucial role in the successive and synergetic catalytic conversion of CO2 to gasoline. The multifunctional catalyst, exhibiting a remarkable stability for 1,000 h on stream, definitely has the potential to be a promising industrial catalyst for CO2 utilization to liquid fuels.

scholarly journals Noble-Metal-Free NixSy-C3N5 Hybrid Nanosheet with Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Performance

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Lixiao Han ◽  
Cong Peng ◽  
Jinming Huang ◽  
Linhao Sun ◽  
Shengyao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Apparent Quantum Yield ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Multifunctional Catalyst ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

The construction of highly efficient, low-cost and noble-metal-free photocatalysts depends on photocatalytic technology. Recently, N-rich C3N5 has been explored as a novel carbon nitride material with a much narrower band gap (~2.2 eV) than that of traditional C3N4 (~2.7 eV). Planting noble-metal-free active sites on C3N5 to improve its photocatalytic activity is of great significance. Herein, 2D NixSy nanosheet is facially loaded on 2D C3N5 using a hydrothermal procedure under a low temperature. Due to the quick separation of photogenerated carries between C3N5 and NixSy, this inexpensive noble-metal-free NixSy-C3N5 hybrid nanosheet is highly efficient and stable as a multifunctional catalyst in various applications, including photocatalytic H2 production from water and NO removal. Impressively, the apparent quantum yield (AQY) value for H2 production reaches 37.0% (at 420 nm) on optimal NixSy-C3N5 hybrids, which is much higher than that of Pt-C3N5 material. This work opens an avenue to the fabrication of low-cost and noble-metal-free catalysts for multifunctional photocatalytic applications.

scholarly journals CoMn Catalysts Derived from Hydrotalcite-Like Precursors for Direct Conversion of Syngas to Fuel Range Hydrocarbons

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Zahra Gholami ◽  
Zdeněk Tišler ◽  
Romana Velvarská ◽  
Jaroslav Kocík
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Chain Growth ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Ft Synthesis ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Shift Reaction

Two different groups of CoMn catalysts derived from hydrotalcite-like precursors were prepared through the co-precipitation method, and their performance in the direct production of gasoline and jet fuel range hydrocarbons through Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis was evaluated in a batch autoclave reactor at 240 °C and 7 MPa and H2/CO of 2. The physicochemical properties of the prepared catalysts were investigated and characterized using different characterization techniques. Catalyst performance was significantly affected by the catalyst preparation method. The crystalline phase of the catalyst prepared using KOH contained Co3O4 and some Co2MnO4.5 spinels, with a lower reducibility and catalytic activity than cobalt oxide. The available cobalt active sites are responsible for the chain growth, and the accessible acid sites are responsible for the cracking and isomerization. The catalysts prepared using KOH + K2CO3 mixture as a precipitant agent exhibited a high selectivity of 51–61% for gasoline (C5–C10) and 30–50% for jet fuel (C8–C16) range hydrocarbons compared with catalysts precipitated by KOH. The CoMn-HTC-III catalyst with the highest number of available acid sites showed the highest selectivity to C5–C10 hydrocarbons, which demonstrates that a high Brønsted acidity leads to the high degree of cracking of FT products. The CO conversion did not significantly change, and it was around 35–39% for all catalysts. Owing to the poor activity in the water-gas shift reaction, CO2 formation was less than 2% in all the catalysts.

Hierarchically multifunctional integrated catalyst with intimate and synergistic active sites for one-pot tandem catalysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Yao ◽  
Kexin Huang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Tingting Luo ◽  
Ge Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Catalytic Process ◽  
Tandem Reaction ◽  
Tandem Catalysis ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Multifunctional Catalyst ◽  
Typical Process

As a typical process intensified strategy, tandem reaction driven by multifunctional catalyst is a paragon of the green catalytic process. Two or more active sites are usually required and their...

Efficient spatial charge separation in unique 2D tandem heterojunction CdxZn1−xIn2S4–CdS–MoS2 rendering highly-promoted visible-light-induced H2 generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 482-491
Author(s):  
Jiakun Wu ◽  
Bowen Sun ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Yanyan Li ◽  
Ying Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Effective Charge ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
H2 Generation ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Spatial Charge

Unique 2D heterostructures CdxZn1−xIn2S4–CdS–MoS2 with effective charge separation, excellent light-harvest, and abundant active sites are highly-efficient for photocatalytic H2 evolution.

scholarly journals Plastic waste to fuels by hydrocracking at mild conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. eabf8283
Author(s):  
Sibao Liu ◽  
Pavel A. Kots ◽  
Brandon C. Vance ◽  
Andrew Danielson ◽  
Dionisios G. Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tandem Catalysis ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Initial Activation ◽  
A Direct Method

Single-use plastics impose an enormous environmental threat, but their recycling, especially of polyolefins, has been proven challenging. We report a direct method to selectively convert polyolefins to branched, liquid fuels including diesel, jet, and gasoline-range hydrocarbons, with high yield up to 85% over Pt/WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite in hydrogen at temperatures as low as 225°C. The process proceeds via tandem catalysis with initial activation of the polymer primarily over Pt, with subsequent cracking over the acid sites of WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite, isomerization over WO3/ZrO2 sites, and hydrogenation of olefin intermediates over Pt. The process can be tuned to convert different common plastic wastes, including low- and high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, everyday polyethylene bottles and bags, and composite plastics to desirable fuels and light lubricants.

Deep Eutectic Solvents with Multiple Weak Acid Sites for Highly Efficient, Reversible and Selective Absorption of Ammonia

2021 ◽  
pp. 118791
Author(s):  
Ning-Ning Cheng ◽  
Zi-Liang Li ◽  
Hong-Chao Lan ◽  
Wen-Long Xu ◽  
Wen-Jing Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Highly Efficient

Highly Efficient Peroxymonosulfate Activation by Surface Oxidized Nickel Phosphide with Dual Active Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (51) ◽  
pp. 22040-22048
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Wan ◽  
Dandan Qian ◽  
Lunhong Ai ◽  
Jing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Nickel Phosphide ◽  
Highly Efficient

scholarly journals On the Role of Protonic Acid Sites in Cu Loaded FAU31 Zeolite as a Catalyst for the Catalytic Transformation of Furfural to Furan

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2015
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kuterasiński ◽  
Małgorzata Smoliło-Utrata ◽  
Joanna Kaim ◽  
Wojciech Rojek ◽  
Jerzy Podobiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid Sites ◽  
Protonic Acid ◽  
Brönsted Acid ◽  
Brönsted Acid Sites ◽  
Bronsted Acid Sites

The aim of the present paper is to study the speciation and the role of different active site types (copper species and Brønsted acid sites) in the direct synthesis of furan from furfural catalyzed by copper-exchanged FAU31 zeolite. Four series of samples were prepared by using different conditions of post-synthesis treatment, which exhibit none, one or two types of active sites. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, low-temperature sorption of nitrogen, SEM, H2-TPR, NMR and by means of IR spectroscopy with ammonia and CO sorption as probe molecules to assess the types of active sites. All catalyst underwent catalytic tests. The performed experiments allowed to propose the relation between the kind of active centers (Cu or Brønsted acid sites) and the type of detected products (2-metylfuran and furan) obtained in the studied reaction. It was found that the production of 2-methylfuran (in trace amounts) is determined by the presence of the redox-type centers, while the protonic acid sites are mainly responsible for the furan production and catalytic activity in the whole temperature range. All studied catalysts revealed very high susceptibility to coking due to polymerization of furfural.

Abundant Active Sites on the Basal Plane and Edges of Layered van der Waals Fe3GeTe2 for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 313-319
Author(s):  
Amir A. Rezaie ◽  
Eunsoo Lee ◽  
Diana Luong ◽  
Johan A. Yapo ◽  
Boniface P. T. Fokwa
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Van Der Waals ◽  
Highly Efficient
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