Neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human neocortex

Nature ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 464 (7288) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
David V. Hansen ◽  
Jan H. Lui ◽  
Philip R. L. Parker ◽  
Arnold R. Kriegstein
Keyword(s):  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Human Neocortex

Human-specific ARHGAP11B increases size and folding of primate neocortex in the fetal marmoset

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 369 (6503) ◽  
pp. 546-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Heide ◽  
Christiane Haffner ◽  
Ayako Murayama ◽  
Yoko Kurotaki ◽  
Haruka Shinohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Primate Evolution ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Mammalian Evolution ◽  
Human Promoter ◽  
Neocortical Development ◽  
The Common ◽  
Human Specific

The neocortex has expanded during mammalian evolution. Overexpression studies in developing mouse and ferret neocortex have implicated the human-specific gene ARHGAP11B in neocortical expansion, but the relevance for primate evolution has been unclear. Here, we provide functional evidence that ARHGAP11B causes expansion of the primate neocortex. ARHGAP11B expressed in fetal neocortex of the common marmoset under control of the gene’s own (human) promoter increased the numbers of basal radial glia progenitors in the marmoset outer subventricular zone, increased the numbers of upper-layer neurons, enlarged the neocortex, and induced its folding. Thus, the human-specific ARHGAP11B drives changes in development in the nonhuman primate marmoset that reflect the changes in evolution that characterize human neocortical development.

Dye coupling and connexin expression by cortical radial glia in the early postnatal subventricular zone

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1482-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa S. Freitas ◽  
Anna L.R. Xavier ◽  
Carla M. Furtado ◽  
Cecilia Hedin-Pereira ◽  
Maira M. Fróes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Dye Coupling ◽  
Connexin Expression

scholarly journals Is Forebrain Neurogenesis a Potential Repair Mechanism after Stroke?

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1220-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
agos Inta ◽  
Peter Gass
Keyword(s):  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Gabaergic Interneurons ◽  
Repair Mechanism ◽  
Brain Repair ◽  
Human Neocortex ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Adult Human

The use of adult subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenesis as brain repair strategy after stroke represents a hot topic in neurologic research. Recent radiocarbon-14 dating has revealed a lack of poststroke neurogenesis in the adult human neocortex; however, adult neurogenesis has been shown to occur, even under physiologic conditions, in the human striatum. Here, these results are contrasted with experimental poststroke neurogenesis in the murine brain. Both in humans and in rodents, the SVZ generates predominantly calretinin (CR)-expressing GABAergic interneurons, which cannot replace the broad spectrum of neuronal subtypes damaged by stroke. Therefore, SVZ neurogenesis may represent a repair mechanism only after genetic manipulation redirecting its differentiation.

scholarly journals Subacute Transplantation of Native and Genetically Engineered Neural Progenitors Seeded on Microsphere Scaffolds Promote Repair and Functional Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury

ASN NEURO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 175909141983018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolan B. Skop ◽  
Sweta Singh ◽  
Henri Antikainen ◽  
Chaitali Saqcena ◽  
Frances Calderon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ventricular Zone ◽  
Neural Progenitors ◽  
Functional Improvement

There is intense interest and effort toward regenerating the brain after severe injury. Stem cell transplantation after insult to the central nervous system has been regarded as the most promising approach for repair; however, engrafting cells alone might not be sufficient for effective regeneration. In this study, we have compared neural progenitors (NPs) from the fetal ventricular zone (VZ), the postnatal subventricular zone, and an immortalized radial glia (RG) cell line engineered to conditionally secrete the trophic factor insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Upon differentiation in vitro, the VZ cells were able to generate a greater number of neurons than subventricular zone cells. Furthermore, differentiated VZ cells generated pyramidal neurons . In vitro, doxycycline-driven secretion of IGF-1 strongly promoted neuronal differentiation of cells with hippocampal, interneuron and cortical specificity. Accordingly, VZ and engineered RG-IGF-1-hemagglutinin (HA) cells were selected for subsequent in vivo experiments. To increase cell survival, we delivered the NPs attached to a multifunctional chitosan-based scaffold. The microspheres containing adherent NPs were injected subacutely into the lesion cavity of adult rat brains that had sustained controlled cortical impact injury. At 2 weeks posttransplantation, the exogenously introduced cells showed a reduction in stem cell or progenitor markers and acquired mature neuronal and glial markers. In beam walking tests assessing sensorimotor recovery, transplanted RG cells secreting IGF-1 contributed significantly to functional improvement while native VZ or RG cells did not promote significant recovery. Altogether, these results support the therapeutic potential of chitosan-based multifunctional microsphere scaffolds seeded with genetically modified NPs expressing IGF-1 to promote repair and functional recovery after traumatic brain injuries.

scholarly journals Radial glia give rise to adult neural stem cells in the subventricular zone

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (50) ◽  
pp. 17528-17532 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Merkle ◽  
A. D. Tramontin ◽  
J. M. Garcia-Verdugo ◽  
A. Alvarez-Buylla
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Adult Neural Stem Cells

scholarly journals SSEA ‐4 and YKL ‐40 positive progenitor subtypes in the subventricular zone of developing human neocortex

Glia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian B. Brøchner ◽  
Kjeld Møllgård
Keyword(s):  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Human Neocortex

scholarly journals Abundant Occurrence of Basal Radial Glia in the Subventricular Zone of Embryonic Neocortex of a Lissencephalic Primate, the Common Marmoset Callithrix jacchus

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Kelava ◽  
Isabel Reillo ◽  
Ayako Y. Murayama ◽  
Alex T. Kalinka ◽  
Denise Stenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Hes1 overexpression leads to expansion of embryonic neural stem cell pool and stem cell reservoir in the postnatal brain

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. dev189191
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ohtsuka ◽  
Ryoichiro Kageyama
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Postnatal Brain ◽  
Neocortical Development ◽  
Cell Pool ◽  
Hes1 Expression ◽  
Embryonic Neural Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Pool

ABSTRACTNeural stem cells (NSCs) gradually alter their characteristics during mammalian neocortical development, resulting in the production of various neurons and glial cells, and remain in the postnatal brain as a source of adult neurogenesis. Notch-Hes signaling is a key regulator of stem cell properties in the developing and postnatal brain, and Hes1 is a major effector that strongly inhibits neuronal differentiation and maintains NSCs. To manipulate Hes1 expression levels in NSCs, we generated transgenic (Tg) mice using the Tet-On system. In Hes1-overexpressing Tg mice, NSCs were maintained in both embryonic and postnatal brains, and generation of later-born neurons was prolonged until later stages in the Tg neocortex. Hes1 overexpression inhibited the production of Tbr2+ intermediate progenitor cells but instead promoted the generation of basal radial glia-like cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) at late embryonic stages. Furthermore, Hes1-overexpressing Tg mice exhibited the expansion of NSCs and enhanced neurogenesis in the SVZ of adult brain. These results indicate that Hes1 overexpression expanded the embryonic NSC pool and led to the expansion of the NSC reservoir in the postnatal and adult brain.

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