scholarly journals Subcortical brain alterations in major depressive disorder: findings from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder working group

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Schmaal ◽  
◽  
D J Veltman ◽  
T G M van Erp ◽  
P G Sämann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Subcortical Brain

scholarly journals White matter disturbances in major depressive disorder: a coordinated analysis across 20 international cohorts in the ENIGMA MDD working group

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1511-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. van Velzen ◽  
Sinead Kelly ◽  
Dmitry Isaev ◽  
Andre Aleman ◽  
Lyubomir I. Aftanas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Brain structural correlates of insomnia severity in 1053 individuals with major depressive disorder: results from the ENIGMA MDD Working Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Leerssen ◽  
Tessa F. Blanken ◽  
Elena Pozzi ◽  
Neda Jahanshad ◽  
Lyubomir Aftanas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Insomnia Severity

AbstractIt has been difficult to find robust brain structural correlates of the overall severity of major depressive disorder (MDD). We hypothesized that specific symptoms may better reveal correlates and investigated this for the severity of insomnia, both a key symptom and a modifiable major risk factor of MDD. Cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volumes were assessed from T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 1053 MDD patients (age range 13-79 years) from 15 cohorts within the ENIGMA MDD Working Group. Insomnia severity was measured by summing the insomnia items of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Symptom specificity was evaluated with correlates of overall depression severity. Disease specificity was evaluated in two independent samples comprising 2108 healthy controls, and in 260 clinical controls with bipolar disorder. Results showed that MDD patients with more severe insomnia had a smaller cortical surface area, mostly driven by the right insula, left inferior frontal gyrus pars triangularis, left frontal pole, right superior parietal cortex, right medial orbitofrontal cortex, and right supramarginal gyrus. Associations were specific for insomnia severity, and were not found for overall depression severity. Associations were also specific to MDD; healthy controls and clinical controls showed differential insomnia severity association profiles. The findings indicate that MDD patients with more severe insomnia show smaller surfaces in several frontoparietal cortical areas. While explained variance remains small, symptom-specific associations could bring us closer to clues on underlying biological phenomena of MDD.

scholarly journals Subcortical Shape Alterations in Major Depressive Disorder: Findings from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany C. Ho ◽  
Boris Gutman ◽  
Elena Pozzi ◽  
Hans J. Grabe ◽  
Norbert Hosten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Basolateral Amygdala ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Major Depressive

AbstractAlterations in regional subcortical brain volumes have been widely investigated as part of the efforts of an international consortium, ENIGMA, to determine reliable structural brain signatures for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Given that subcortical structures are comprised of distinct subfields, we sought to build significantly from prior work to precisely map localized MDD-related differences in subcortical regions using shape analysis. In this meta-analysis of subcortical shape from the ENIGMA-MDD working group, we compared 1,781 patients with MDD and 2,953 healthy controls (CTL) on individual measures of shape metrics (thickness and surface area) on the surface of seven bilateral subcortical structures: nucleus accumbens, amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, pallidum, putamen, and thalamus. Harmonized data processing and statistical analyses were conducted locally at each site, and findings were aggregated by meta-analysis. Relative to CTL, patients with MDD had lower surface area in the subiculum of the hippocampus, the basolateral amygdala, and the nucleus accumbens shell. Relative to CTL, patients with adolescent-onset MDD (≤ 21 years) had lower thickness and surface area of the subiculum of the hippocampus and the basolateral amygdala. Relative to first-episode MDD, recurrent MDD patients had lower thickness and surface area in the CA1 of the hippocampus and the basolateral amygdala. Our results suggest that previously reported MDD-associated volumetric differences may be localized to specific subfields of these structures that have been shown to be sensitive to the effects of stress, with important implications for mapping treatments to patients based on specific neural targets and key clinical features.

Dysthymia in Clinical Practice

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagop S. Akiskal ◽  
Jorge Alberto Costa e Silva ◽  
Allen Frances ◽  
Hugh L. Freeman ◽  
Martin B. Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Positive Approach ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Double Depression

BackgroundDysthymia has been reconceptualised in recent years from a personality disorder to a chronic affective disorder. It is incorporated into both the DSM and ICD diagnostic systems. Method. The members of the WPA Dysthymia Working Group combined the results of their manual literature searches with a search using Medline.ResultsAvailable data are summarised under the headings of classification, epidemiology, validity, comorbidity, course and outcome, pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. The coexistence of major depressive disorder, constituting ‘double depression’ is of particular importance.ConclusionsImproved knowledge of this disorder has led to a more positive approach to treatment, in which antidepressants can usefully be complemented by psychosocial measures. A high proportion of cases remain unrecognised in most populations, leading to prolonged morbidity and distress, much of which is now treatable.

scholarly journals Brain Aging in Major Depressive Disorder: Results from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder working group

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K M Han ◽  
Richard Dinga ◽  
Tim Hahn ◽  
Christopher R K Ching ◽  
Lisa T Eyler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractBackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of brain atrophy, aging-related diseases, and mortality. We examined potential advanced brain aging in MDD patients, and whether this process is associated with clinical characteristics in a large multi-center international dataset.MethodsWe performed a mega-analysis by pooling brain measures derived from T1-weighted MRI scans from 29 samples worldwide. Normative brain aging was estimated by predicting chronological age (10-75 years) from 7 subcortical volumes, 34 cortical thickness and 34 surface area, lateral ventricles and total intracranial volume measures separately in 1,147 male and 1,386 female controls from the ENIGMA MDD working group. The learned model parameters were applied to 1,089 male controls and 1,167 depressed males, and 1,326 female controls and 2,044 depressed females to obtain independent unbiased brain-based age predictions. The difference between predicted “brain age” and chronological age was calculated to indicate brain predicted age difference (brain-PAD).FindingsOn average, MDD patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +0.90 (SE 0.21) years (Cohen’s d=0.12, 95% CI 0.06-0.17) compared to controls. Relative to controls, first-episode and currently depressed patients showed higher brain-PAD (+1.2 [0.3] years), and the largest effect was observed in those with late-onset depression (+1.7 [0.7] years). In addition, higher brain-PAD was associated with higher self-reported depressive symptomatology (b=0.05, p=0.004).InterpretationThis highly powered collaborative effort showed subtle patterns of abnormal structural brain aging in MDD. Substantial within-group variance and overlap between groups were observed. Longitudinal studies of MDD and somatic health outcomes are needed to further assess the predictive value of these brain-PAD estimates.FundingThis work was supported, in part, by NIH grants U54 EB020403 and R01 MH116147.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document