scholarly journals Respiratory morbidity, lung function and fitness assessment after bronchopulmonary dysplasia

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1037-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Praprotnik ◽  
I Stucin Gantar ◽  
M Lučovnik ◽  
T Avčin ◽  
U Krivec
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Fitness Assessment

scholarly journals Air quality, Environment and Respiratory Outcomes in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, the AERO-BPD cohort study: design and adaptation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000915
Author(s):  
Hana B Ruran ◽  
Gary Adamkiewicz ◽  
Amparito Cunningham ◽  
Carter R Petty ◽  
Kimberly F Greco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Information Products

IntroductionAlmost half of all school-age children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have asthma-like symptoms and more suffer from lung function deficits. While air pollution and indoor respiratory irritants are known to affect high-risk populations of children, few studies have objectively evaluated environmental contributions to long-term respiratory morbidity in this population. This study aimed to examine the role of indoor environmental exposures on respiratory morbidity in children with BPD.Methods and analysisThe Air quality, Environment and Respiratory Ouctomes in BPD (AERO-BPD) study is a prospective, single-centre observational study that will enrol a unique cohort of 240 children with BPD and carefully characterise participants and their indoor home environmental exposures. Measures of indoor air quality constituents will assess the relationship of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5), nitric oxide (NO), temperature and humidity, as well as dust concentrations of allergens, with concurrently measured respiratory symptoms and lung function.Adaptations to the research protocol due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic included remote home environment and participant assessments.Ethics and disseminationStudy protocol was approved by the Boston Children’s Hospital Committee on Clinical Investigation. Dissemination will be in the form of peer-reviewed publications and participant information products.Trial registration numberNCT04107701.

scholarly journals How best to capture the respiratory consequences of prematurity?

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (147) ◽  
pp. 170108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ciuffini ◽  
Colin F. Robertson ◽  
David G. Tingay
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes ◽  
The Continuum

Chronic respiratory morbidity is a common complication of premature birth, generally defined by the presence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, both clinically and in trials of respiratory therapies. However, recent data have highlighted that bronchopulmonary dysplasia does not correlate with chronic respiratory morbidity in older children born preterm. Longitudinally evaluating pulmonary morbidity from early life through to childhood provides a more rational method of defining the continuum of chronic respiratory morbidity of prematurity, and offers new insights into the efficacy of neonatal respiratory interventions. The changing nature of preterm lung disease suggests that a multimodal approach using dynamic lung function assessment will be needed to assess the efficacy of a neonatal respiratory therapy and predict the long-term respiratory consequences of premature birth. Our aim is to review the literature regarding the long-term respiratory outcomes of neonatal respiratory strategies, the difficulties of assessing dynamic lung function in infants, and potential new solutions.

Mid-childhood lung function in a cohort of children with “new bronchopulmonary dysplasia”

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Fortuna ◽  
Silvia Carraro ◽  
Eva Temporin ◽  
Mariangela Berardi ◽  
Stefania Zanconato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

scholarly journals Respiratory morbidity of preterm infants of less than 33 weeks gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 12-month follow-up of the CASTOR study cohort

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
pp. 1362-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. FAUROUX ◽  
J.-B. GOUYON ◽  
J.-C. ROZE ◽  
C. GUILLERMET-FROMENTIN ◽  
I. GLORIEUX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Syncytial Virus

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to describe the incidence and risk factors for respiratory morbidity during the 12-month period following the first respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season in 242 preterm infants [<33 weeks gestational age (GA)] without bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 201 full-term infants (39–41 weeks GA) from the French CASTOR study cohort. Preterm infants had increased respiratory morbidity during the follow-up period compared to full-terms; they were more likely to have wheezing (21% vs. 11%, P = 0·007) and recurrent wheezing episodes (4% vs. 1%, P = 0·049). The 17 infants (14 preterms, three full-terms) who had been hospitalized for RSV-confirmed bronchiolitis during their first RSV season had significantly more wheezing episodes during the follow-up period than subjects who had not been hospitalized for RSV-confirmed bronchiolitis (odds ratio 4·72, 95% confidence interval 1·71–13·08, P = 0·003). Male gender, birth weight <3330 g and hospitalization for RSV bronchiolitis during the infant's first RSV season were independent risk factors for the development of wheezing episodes during the subsequent 12-month follow-up period.

scholarly journals Parental psychological distress during pregnancy and the risk of childhood lower lung function and asthma: a population-based prospective cohort study

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1074-1081
Author(s):  
Evelien R van Meel ◽  
Gautam Saharan ◽  
Vincent WV Jaddoe ◽  
Johan C de Jongste ◽  
Irwin KM Reiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Maternal Psychological Distress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lower Lung

BackgroundAlthough maternal psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of respiratory morbidity in preschool children, it is unknown whether this association persists into later childhood.ObjectiveTo examine the association between parental psychological distress during pregnancy and lung function and asthma in children of school age.MethodsThis study of 4231 children was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort. Parental psychological distress was assessed by the Brief Symptom Inventory during and 3 years after pregnancy, and in mothers also at 2 and 6 months after pregnancy. At age 10 years, lung function was obtained by spirometry and asthma by questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence of asthma was 5.9%. Maternal overall psychological distress during pregnancy was associated with a lower forced vital capacity (FVC) (z-score difference −0.10 (95% CI −0.20 to –0.01) per 1-unit increase), maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy with a lower forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and FVC (−0.13 (95% CI −0.24 to –0.01) and −0.13 (95% CI −0.24 to –0.02) when using clinical cut-offs) in their children. All maternal psychological distress measures during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of asthma (range OR: 1.46 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.90) to 1.91 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.91)). Additional adjustment for paternal psychological distress during pregnancy and parental psychological distress after pregnancy did not materially change the associations. Paternal psychological distress during pregnancy was not associated with childhood respiratory morbidity.ConclusionMaternal, but not paternal, psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of asthma and partly lower lung function in children. This suggests intrauterine programming for the risk of later-life respiratory disease.

scholarly journals Liraglutide Enhances the Activity of the ACE-2/Ang(1–7)/Mas Receptor Pathway in Lungs of Male Pups from Food-Restricted Mothers and Prevents the Reduction of SP-A

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fandiño ◽  
A. A. Vaz ◽  
L. Toba ◽  
M. Romaní-Pérez ◽  
L. González-Matías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Lung Maturation ◽  
Positive Effects

In utero growth restriction and being born small for gestational age are risk factors for respiratory morbidity. IUGR (in utero growth retardation) is associated to overall reduction in lung weight, surfactant content and activity, impaired maturation of the alveolar type II cells, and decreased alveolar formation. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may be a key target underlying pathophysiological lung alterations. GLP-1 and agonists of its receptor modulate the expression levels of different components of RAS and also are very important for lung maturation and the production of surfactant proteins. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of IUGR induced by perinatal food restriction of the mother in the lung function of pups at early stages of life (PD21) and to determine if liraglutide had any effect during gestational period. Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were randomly assigned to 50% food restriction (MPFR) or ad libitum control (CT) groups at day of pregnancy 12 (GD12). From GD14 to parturition, pregnant MPFR and CT rats were treated with liraglutide or vehicle. At postnatal day 21 and before weaning, 20 CT and 20 FR male pups were sacrificed and lungs were analyzed by RT-PCR. Liraglutide restored surfactant protein A (SP-A) mRNA expression in pup lungs from food-restricted mothers. Surfactant protein B (SP-B) mRNA expression is not affected by neither IUGR nor liraglutide treatment. Moreover, liraglutide modulated different elements of RAS, increasing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and MasR mRNA expression only in pups from food-restricted mothers (MPFR), despite food restriction had not any direct effect at this early stage. Liraglutide also increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in MPFR lungs, reflecting the activation of MasR by angiotensin 1–7. In conclusion, liraglutide prevented the alteration in lung function induced by IUGR and promoted the positive effects of ACE2-Ang(1–7)-MasR in restoring lung function.

scholarly journals DOZ047.28: Clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in children with esophageal atresia

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Belessis ◽  
J McBride ◽  
L Plush ◽  
M Purcell ◽  
P Field
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Esophageal Atresia ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise ◽  
Respiratory Management

Abstract Background Respiratory morbidity in children with esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula (OA/TOF), due to impaired mucociliary clearance, recurrent infections, and aspiration, may impair pulmonary function during childhood and this may persist into adult life. Early recognition of reduced lung function could optimize respiratory management and improve long-term outcomes. However, static lung function assessments, using spirometry and body plethysmography, may not sensitively identify impaired lung function. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), which involves a dynamic assessment of respiratory function and determines aerobic capacity, degree of fitness, and ventilatory (breathing) reserve during maximal exertion, may detect poor lung function earlier. Aim This study determines the clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in children with OA/TOF. Methods Retrospective chart review of children attending a multidisciplinary OA/TOF clinic who underwent spirometry, plethysmography, and a maximal CPET (Bruce Treadmill Protocol). Plethysmography and CPET were performed on the same day in 16 children; 4 children within 2 days and 6 within 2 months. Studies exceeding 2 months were not analyzed (n = 2). Results Thirty-nine children, aged ≥ 7 years, underwent CPET when clinically well. Thirty-two children, 7–18 years, achieved a maximal CPET (82.1%). There was no significant exercise-induced drop in PPFEV1 in any child. One child experienced a reduction in oxygen saturation to 92%. Exercise capacity (VO2MAX, peak oxygen consumption) was normal in 30 children (93.8%). However reduced ventilatory or breathing reserve (BR), defined as <20% predicted, was identified in 18 children (56.3%). Four of these children had no ventilatory reserve (BR = 0). In contrast, spirometry was normal in 20 children (62.5%). Nine (28%) had a mild obstructive or restrictive pattern. One child had moderate restriction and 2 had a mixed pattern. Plethysmography (n = 26) revealed mild restrictive lung disease in 9 (34.6%). An additional 3 children had air-trapping. Conclusion Children with OA/TOF have significant lung function impairment. Spirometry and plethysmography revealed normal or mildly abnormal airway function/lung volumes in the majority of children. CPET identified significant ventilation limitation in over half of all children. CPET assessment is a feasible and sensitive assessment of cardiorespiratory function in children with OA/TOF. Further evaluation of risk factors and longitudinal CPET assessments may inform future management guidelines.

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