scholarly journals Perivascular Substance P: Occurrence and Distribution in Mammalian Pial Vessels

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Uddman ◽  
L. Edvinsson ◽  
C. Owman ◽  
F. Sundler
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Cerebral Blood Vessels ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Pial Arteries ◽  
Moderate Number ◽  
Pial Vessels

Nerve fibres containing immunoreactive substance P (SP) were demonstrated in the wall of cerebral blood vessels of several mammalian species. Pial arteries of cat and guinea-pig were richly supplied with SP nerve fibres, while those of rat, rabbit, pig, and man had a moderate number. SP fibres were more numerous in pial vessels belonging to the rostral parts of the circle of Willis as compared to more caudally located blood vessels. In cat and guinea-pig, blood vessels in the choroid plexus were surrounded by few SP nerve fibres; also spinal cord blood vessels of cat contained few such fibres.

scholarly journals Nerve Fibres Containing Gastrin-Releasing Peptide around Pial Vessels

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Uddman ◽  
Lars Edvinsson ◽  
Christer Owman ◽  
Frank Sundler
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Pial Arteries ◽  
Gastrin Releasing Peptide ◽  
Pial Vessels

Nerve fibres containing immunoreactive gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) were demonstrated around pial blood vessels of cat, guinea pig, rat, and mouse. A sparse supply was found around spinal cord blood vessels, whereas the choroid plexus seemed to be devoid of GRP fibres. Sympathectomy did not affect the number or distribution of the GRP fibres. The administration of neither GRP nor its closely related analogue, bombesin, contracted or dilated feline pial arteries in vitro.

scholarly journals Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Cerebral Blood Vessels: Distribution and Vasomotor Effects

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Edvinsson ◽  
R. Ekman ◽  
I. Jansen ◽  
J. McCulloch ◽  
R. Uddman
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Cerebral Blood Vessels ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Basilar Arteries

The innervation of cerebral blood vessels by nerve fibers containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the vasomotor effects of this peptide are described for a number of different mammalian species. CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the adventitia of cerebral arteries in all species examined (guinea pig, cat, rabbit, rat, and mouse). Numerous perikarya containing CGRP immunoreactivity are demonstrable in the trigeminal ganglion of all species. In the cerebral perivascular nerve fibers and in trigeminal perikarya, CGRP is often colocalized with substance P and neurokinin A. Marked interspecies differences exist both in the density of CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers and in the cerebrovascular levels measured with radioimmunoassay. The highest concentrations were observed in cerebral vessels from guinea pigs, the lowest concentration in rabbit vessels, and intermediate levels in the feline and human cerebral vasculature. CGRP is a potent dilator of cerebral arteries in all species examined (human pial, feline middle cerebral, rabbit, guinea pig and rat basilar arteries). The concentration of CGRP eliciting half-maximal responses ranged from 0.4 n M (human pial artery) to 3 n M (rat and rabbit basilar arteries). Pretreatment of cerebral arteries with low concentrations of either substance P (0.1 n M) or neurokinin A (3 n M) attenuated slightly the CGRP-induced relaxations of guinea pig basilar arteries. Calcitonin was found to be a very weak dilator of cerebral arteries from human and guinea pig. Thus, cardiovascular nerve fibers containing CGRP appear to be present in all mammalian species (although to varying degrees) and CGRP is invariably a potent dilator of the cerebral arteries for all species.

scholarly journals A Light and Electron Microscopic Immunohistochemical Study of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide— And Substance P-Containing Nerve Fibers along the Cerebral Blood Vessels: Comparison with Aminergic and Cholinergic Nerve Fibers

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Itakura ◽  
Takashi Okuno ◽  
Kazuo Nakakita ◽  
Ichiro Kamei ◽  
Yutaka Naka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Muscle Control ◽  
Cerebral Blood Vessels ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cholinergic Nerve Fibers ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)– and substance P–containing nerve fibers were observed in the cerebral blood vessels using an immunohistochemical technique. VIP-containing nerve fibers distributed in a spiral pattern, similar to that of muscle cells. Under electron microscopic observation, VIP-immunoreactive terminals lay close to a muscle cell in the inner layer of the adventitia. In contrast, substance P–containing nerve fibers showed a meshwork pattern in the outer layer of the adventitia. Using both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining and VIP immunohistochemistry, AChE-positive and VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers revealed almost the same distribution in the same specimen. The present data suggest that VIP-containing nerve fibers may play a role in the smooth muscle control of the blood vessels, whereas substance P–containing nerve fibers may not take part in muscle control.

Use of NK1 receptor antagonists in the exploration of physiological functions of substance P and neurokinin A

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 903-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Qtsuka ◽  
K. Yoshioka ◽  
M. Yanagisawa ◽  
H. Suzuki ◽  
F.-Y. Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Saphenous Nerve ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Stimulation Of

Tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonists were used to explore the physiological functions of substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA). Pharmacological profiles of three NK1 receptor antagonists, GR71251, GR82334, and RP 67580, were examined in the isolated spinal cord preparation of the neonatal rat. These tachykinin receptor antagonists exhibited considerable specificities and antagonized the actions of both SP and NKA to induce the depolarization of ventral roots. Electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve with C-fiber strength evoked a depolarization lasting about 30 s of the ipsilateral L3 ventral root. This response, which is referred to as saphenous-nerve-evoked slow ventral root potential (VRP), was depressed by these NK1 receptor antagonists. In contrast, the saphenous-nerve-evoked slow VRP was potentiated by application of a mixture of peptidase inhibitors, including thiorphan, actinonin, and captopril in the presence of naloxone, but not after further addition of GR71251. Likewise, in the isolated coeliac ganglion of the guinea pig, electrical stimulation of the mesenteric nerves evoked in some ganglionic cells slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), which were depressed by GR71251 and potentiated by peptidase inhibitors. These results further support the notion that SP and NKA serve as neurotransmitters producing slow EPSPs in the neonatal rat spinal cord and guinea pig prevertebral ganglia.Key words: substance P, neurokinin A, neurotransmitter, tachykinin antagonist, spinal cord.

Thiorphan increases capsaicin-evoked release of substance P from slices of dorsal spinal cord of guinea pig

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierangelo Geppetti ◽  
Paolo Santicioli ◽  
Ilaria Rubini ◽  
Maria Grazia Spillantini ◽  
Carlo Alberto Maggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Dorsal Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Spinal

Novel substance P analogues inhibit circular muscle contraction of guinea pig ileum and depolarization of new born rat spinal cord induced by substance P

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Tohru Mochizuki ◽  
Keiichi Ohshima ◽  
Atukazu Kuwahara ◽  
Mitushiko Yanagisawa ◽  
Masanori Otsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
New Born ◽  
Substance P Analogues
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