Body size phenotypes comprehensively assess cardiometabolic risk and refine the association between obesity and gut microbiota

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J de la Cuesta-Zuluaga ◽  
V Corrales-Agudelo ◽  
J A Carmona ◽  
J M Abad ◽  
J S Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition explains more variance in the host cardiometabolic risk than genetic ancestry

Gut Microbes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra J. Guzmán-Castañeda ◽  
Esteban L. Ortega-Vega ◽  
Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga ◽  
Eliana P. Velásquez-Mejía ◽  
Winston Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Genetic Ancestry ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

scholarly journals Modifications of Gut Microbiota after Grape Pomace Supplementation in Subjects at Cardiometabolic Risk: A Randomized Cross-Over Controlled Clinical Trial

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Sara Ramos-Romero ◽  
Daniel Martínez-Maqueda ◽  
Mercè Hereu ◽  
Susana Amézqueta ◽  
Josep Lluís Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Cardiometabolic Markers ◽  
Dietary Bioactive Compounds

Polyphenols are dietary bioactive compounds able to induce modifications in the gut microbiota profile, although more clinical studies are needed. With this aim, a randomized cross-over clinical trial was conducted, where 49 subjects at cardiometabolic risk (exhibiting at least two metabolic syndrome factors) were supplemented with a daily dose of 8 g of grape pomace (GP) for 6 weeks, with an equivalent control (CTL) period. The levels of total bacteria and Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Lactobacilliales, Bacteroides and Prevotella were estimated in fecal DNA by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), while fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were assessed by gas chromatography. Several cardiometabolic markers were evaluated in blood samples. GP reduced insulin levels only in half of the participants (responders). GP supplementation did not cause significant modifications in the microbiota profile of the whole group, except for a tendency (p = 0.059) towards a decrease in the proportion of Lactobacilliales, while it increased the proportion of Bacteroides in non-responder subjects. The reduction of insulin levels in subjects at cardiometabolic risk upon GP supplementation appears not to be induced by changes in the major subgroups of gut microbiota. Further studies at the species level may help to elucidate the possible role of microbiota in GP-induced insulinemic status.

Ambient temperature alters body size and gut microbiota of Xenopus tropicalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Li ◽  
Junpeng Rui ◽  
Yulong Li ◽  
Na Tang ◽  
Songping Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Xenopus Tropicalis

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Hemodialysis Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel Biruete ◽  
Jacob M. Allen ◽  
Brandon M. Kistler ◽  
Jin Hee Jeong ◽  
Peter J. Fitschen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

scholarly journals ROC Generated Thresholds for Field-Assessed Aerobic Fitness Related to Body Size and Cardiometabolic Risk in Schoolchildren

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e45755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne M. Boddy ◽  
Non E. Thomas ◽  
Stuart J. Fairclough ◽  
Keith Tolfrey ◽  
Sinead Brophy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk

scholarly journals Body-size phenotypes and cardiometabolic risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou ◽  
George S Metsios ◽  
Yiannis Koutedakis ◽  
George D Kitas
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk

scholarly journals Fat, Sugar or Gut Microbiota in Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk: Does Diet Type Really Matter?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nabrdalik ◽  
Katarzyna Krzyżak ◽  
Weronika Hajzler ◽  
Karolina Drożdż ◽  
Hanna Kwiendacz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet

The incidence of cardiometabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, is constantly rising. Successful lifestyle changes may limit their incidence, which is why researchers focus on the role of nutrition in this context. The outcomes of studies carried out in past decades have influenced dietary guidelines, which primarily recommend reducing saturated fat as a therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease prevention, while limiting the role of sugar due to its harmful effects. On the other hand, a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) as a method of treatment remains controversial. A number of studies on the effect of LCDs on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus proved that it is a safe and effective method of dietary management. As for the risk of cardiovascular diseases, the source of carbohydrates and fats corresponds with the mortality rate and protective effect of plant-derived components. Additionally, some recent studies have focused on the gut microbiota in relation to cardiometabolic diseases and diet as one of the leading factors affecting microbiota composition. Unfortunately, there is still no precise answer to the question of which a single nutrient plays the most important role in reducing cardiometabolic risk, and this review article presents the current state of the knowledge in this field.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fat on gut microbiota and faecal metabolites, and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors: a 6-month randomised controlled-feeding trial

Gut ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1417-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wan ◽  
Fenglei Wang ◽  
Jihong Yuan ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Dandan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Proinflammatory Factors

ObjectiveTo investigate whether diets differing in fat content alter the gut microbiota and faecal metabolomic profiles, and to determine their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy adults whose diet is in a transition from a traditional low-fat diet to a diet high in fat and reduced in carbohydrate.MethodsIn a 6-month randomised controlled-feeding trial, 217 healthy young adults (aged 18–35 years; body mass index <28 kg/m2; 52% women) who completed the whole trial were included. All the foods were provided during the intervention period. The three isocaloric diets were: a lower-fat diet (fat 20% energy), a moderate-fat diet (fat 30% energy) and a higher-fat diet (fat 40% energy). The effects of the dietary interventions on the gut microbiota, faecal metabolomics and plasma inflammatory factors were investigated.ResultsThe lower-fat diet was associated with increased α-diversity assessed by the Shannon index (p=0.03), increased abundance of Blautia (p=0.007) and Faecalibacterium (p=0.04), whereas the higher-fat diet was associated with increased Alistipes (p=0.04), Bacteroides (p<0.001) and decreased Faecalibacterium (p=0.04). The concentration of total short-chain fatty acids was significantly decreased in the higher-fat diet group in comparison with the other groups (p<0.001). The cometabolites p-cresol and indole, known to be associated with host metabolic disorders, were decreased in the lower-fat diet group. In addition, the higher-fat diet was associated with faecal enrichment in arachidonic acid and the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway as well as elevated plasma proinflammatory factors after the intervention.ConclusionHigher-fat consumption by healthy young adults whose diet is in a state of nutrition transition appeared to be associated with unfavourable changes in gut microbiota, faecal metabolomic profiles and plasma proinflammatory factors, which might confer adverse consequences for long-term health outcomes.Trial registration numberNCT02355795; Results.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Metabolites and Cardiometabolic Risk Among Older Puerto Ricans: Findings from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1378-1378
Author(s):  
Shilpa Bhupathiraju ◽  
Megu Baden ◽  
Danielle Haslam ◽  
Liming Liang ◽  
Clary Clish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Puerto Ricans are the second-largest Hispanic sub-group and have high rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Yet, there is limited understanding of the molecular pathways that contribute to cardiometabolic risk in this high-risk group. We hypothesized that circulating gut microbiota metabolites, which have been linked to T2D risk in non-Hispanic whites, are associated with a higher T2D likelihood and cardiometabolic risk markers among older Puerto Ricans. Methods We developed a case-control study within the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) with 275 prevalent T2D cases and 275 age and sex matched controls (mean age = 58.1 y, 71% female). We used LC/MS to measure baseline plasma gut microbiota metabolites (L-carnitine, betaine, choline, trimethylamine oxide [TMAO], and betaine: choline). We used conditional logistic regression to model the likelihood of prevalent T2D for each standard deviation (SD) increase in metabolites. Among controls free of T2D, we examined cross-sectional and prospective (2-year) linear associations (β [SD]) between metabolites and glycemia and dyslipidemia measures. Results After multivariable adjustment, significant differences in T2D likelihood [OR (95% CI)] were observed for each SD increase in L-carnitine [0.78 (0.62–0.99)], choline [1.33 (1.05–1.68)], betaine: choline [0.69 (0.54–0.88)], and TMAO [1.32 (1.04–1.67)]. We replicated findings for L-carnitine and betaine: choline in the WHI metabolomics study. Among BPRHS controls, cross-sectionally, higher betaine was associated with lower HOMA-IR (−9.97 [3.02]), insulin (−9.78 [2.83]), triglycerides (−11.4 [2.54]), and higher HDL-C (2.05 [0.65]). Prospectively, higher betaine and betaine: choline were associated with lower HOMA-IR (betaine −11.5 [3.63], betaine: choline −9.57 [3.68]), insulin (betaine −9.21 [3.27], betaine: choline −8.01 [3.31]), and glucose (betaine −2.17 [0.74], betaine: choline −1.58 [0.76]) concentrations, while higher choline was prospectively associated with higher triglycerides (5.17 [2.09]). No associations were seen between L-carnitine, TMAO, and cardiometabolic markers among controls. Conclusions Plasma betaine, choline, and betaine: choline may be markers of cardiometabolic risk in this high-risk population. Future research should examine dietary and lifestyle correlates of betaine and choline. Funding Sources NIH.

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