Preventive effect of Eucommia leaf extract on aortic media hypertrophy in Wistar-Kyoto rats fed a high-fat diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Hosoo ◽  
Masahiro Koyama ◽  
Akira Watanabe ◽  
Ryuya Ishida ◽  
Tetsuya Hirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Wistar Kyoto Rats ◽  
Aortic Media ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

scholarly journals Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats

Cells ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Mei-Chuan Chou ◽  
Hsiang-Chun Lee ◽  
Yen-Chin Liu ◽  
Patrick Szu-Ying Yen ◽  
Ching-Kuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Wistar Kyoto Rats ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
The Brain

Epidemiologic studies have indicated that dyslipidemia may facilitate the progression of neuronal degeneration. However, the effects of chronic dyslipidemia on brain function, especially in older individuals, remain unclear. In this study, middle-aged 37-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats were fed a normal diet (ND) or a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) for 30 weeks (i.e., until 67 weeks of age). To study the effects of chronic dyslipidemia on the brain, we analyzed spontaneous locomotor activity, cognitive function, and brain tissues in both groups of rats after 30 weeks. Compared with age-matched rats fed a ND, Wistar-Kyoto rats fed a HFD had dyslipidemia and showed decreased movement but normal recognition of a novel object. In our brain analyses, we observed a significant decrease in astrocytes and tyrosine hydroxylase–containing neurons in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus of rats fed a HFD compared with rats fed a ND. However, hippocampal pyramidal neurons were not affected. Our findings indicate that the long-term consumption of a HFD may cause lipid metabolism overload in the brain and damage to glial cells. The decrease in astrocytes may lead to reduced protection of the brain and affect the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase–containing neurons but not pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus.

scholarly journals Olive Leaf Extract Attenuates Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Modulating the Expression of Molecules Involved in Adipogenesis and Thermogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shen ◽  
Su Jin Song ◽  
Narae Keum ◽  
Taesun Park
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Olive Leaf Extract

The present study aimed to investigate whether olive leaf extract (OLE) prevents high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mice were randomly divided into groups that received a chow diet (CD), HFD, or 0.15% OLE-supplemented diet (OLD) for 8 weeks. OLD-fed mice showed significantly reduced body weight gain, visceral fat-pad weights, and plasma lipid levels as compared with HFD-fed mice. OLE significantly reversed the HFD-induced upregulation of WNT10b- and galanin-mediated signaling molecules and key adipogenic genes (PPARγ, C/EBPα, CD36, FAS, and leptin) in the epididymal adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, the HFD-induced downregulation of thermogenic genes involved in uncoupled respiration (SIRT1, PGC1α, and UCP1) and mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM, NRF-1, and COX2) was also significantly reversed by OLE. These results suggest that OLE exerts beneficial effects against obesity by regulating the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and thermogenesis in the visceral adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice.

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) leaf extract attenuates biochemical and histological parameters in high‐fat diet/streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mustapha Jibril ◽  
Azizah Haji‐Hamid ◽  
Faridah Abas ◽  
Jeeven Karrupan ◽  
Abdulkarim Sabo Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals The Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Early Changes in Arterial Function during High-Fat Diet and Its Combination with High-Fructose Intake in Rats

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
Jozef Torok ◽  
Anna Zemancikova ◽  
Zuzana Valaskova ◽  
Peter Balis
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fructose Intake ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Isolated Arteries

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of a high-fat diet and its combination with high-fructose intake on young normotensive rats, with focus on the modulatory effect of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) on the reactivity of isolated arteries. Six-week-old Wistar–Kyoto rats were treated for 8 weeks with a control diet (10% fat), a high-fat diet (HFD; 45% fat), or a combination of the HFD with a 10% solution of fructose. Contractile and relaxant responses of isolated rat arteries, with preserved and removed PVAT for selected vasoactive stimuli, were recorded isometrically by a force displacement transducer. The results demonstrated that, in young rats, eight weeks of the HFD might lead to body fat accumulation and early excitation of the cardiovascular sympathetic nervous system, as shown by increased heart rate and enhanced arterial contractile responses induced by endogenous noradrenaline released from perivascular sympathetic nerves. The addition of high-fructose intake deteriorated this state by impairment of arterial relaxation and resulted in mild elevation of systolic blood pressure; however, the increase in arterial neurogenic contractions was not detected. The diet-induced alterations in isolated arteries were observed only in the presence of PVAT, indicating that this structure is important in initiation of early vascular changes during the development of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Flavonol Derivatives Abundant Sanglan Tea on Long-Term High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Complications in C57BL/6 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponmari Guruvaiah ◽  
Huimin Guo ◽  
Daxiang Li ◽  
Zhongwen Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Blood Glucose Elevation

Sanglan Tea (SLT) is a Chinese medicine-based formulation that is consumed as a health drink for the effective management of obesity-associated complications. However, its chemical components and mechanism of action in the prevention of hepatic steatosis and obesity-related impairments have been uncertain. In this study, we aimed to unveil the chemical profile of SLT and to explore its preventive mechanism in high-fat-diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity-related consequences in C57BL/6 mice. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of SLT indicated that analogs of quercetin and kaempferol are major compounds of flavonoids in SLT. A dietary supplement of SLT efficiently managed the blood glucose elevation, retained the serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels, as well as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, and reduced the fat storage in the liver induced by a high-fat diet. The underlying mechanism of this preventive effect is hypothesized to be related to the inhibition of over-expression of lipogenesis and adipogenesis-related genes. Overall, this study suggests that SLT, being rich in quercetin and kaempferol analogs, could be a potential food supplement for the prevention of high-fat-diet-induced NAFLD and obesity-related complications.

Mulberry leaf extract intake reduces hyperglycaemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats fed high-fat diet

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jeszka-Skowron ◽  
Ewa Flaczyk ◽  
Jan Jeszka ◽  
Zbigniew Krejpcio ◽  
Ewelina Król ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mulberry Leaf ◽  
Mulberry Leaf Extract

scholarly journals Effects of DCM Leaf Extract of Gnidia glauca (Fresen) on Locomotor Activity, Anxiety, and Exploration-Like Behaviors in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wycliffe Makori Arika ◽  
Cromwell Mwiti Kibiti ◽  
Joan Murugi Njagi ◽  
Mathew Piero Ngugi
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Obese Rats

Obesity is the main component of metabolic syndromes involving distinct etiologies that target different underlying behavioral and physiological functions within the brain structures and neuronal circuits. An alteration in the neuronal circuitry stemming from abdominal or central obesity stimulates a cascade of changes in neurochemical signaling that directly or indirectly mediate spontaneously emitted behaviors such as locomotor activity patterns, anxiety, and exploration. Pharmacological agents available for the treatment of neurologic disorders have been associated with limited potency and intolerable adverse effects. These have necessitated the upsurge in the utilization of herbal prescriptions due to their affordability and easy accessibility and are firmly embedded within wider belief systems of many people. Gnidia glauca has been used in the management of many ailments including obesity and associated symptomatic complications. However, its upsurge in use has not been accompanied by empirical determination of these folkloric claims. The present study, therefore, is aimed at determining the modulatory effects of dichloromethane leaf extract of Gnidia glauca on locomotor activity, exploration, and anxiety-like behaviors in high-fat diet-induced obese rats in an open-field arena. Obesity was experimentally induced by feeding the rats with prepared high-fat diet and water ad libitum for 6 weeks. The in vivo antiobesity effects were determined by oral administration of G. glauca at dosage levels of 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg body weight in high-fat diet-induced obese rats from the 6th to 12th week. Phytochemical analysis was done using gas chromatography linked to mass spectroscopy. Results indicated that Gnidia glauca showed anxiolytic effects and significantly increased spontaneous locomotor activity and exploration-like behaviors in HFD-induced obese rats. The plant extract also contained phytocompounds that have been associated with amelioration of the main neurodegenerative mediators, viz., inflammation and oxidative stress. These findings provide “qualified leads” for the synthesis of new alternative therapeutic agents for the management of neurologic disorders. However, there is a need to conduct toxicity studies of Gnidia glauca to establish its safety profiles.

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