scholarly journals Implications of the immunoregulatory functions of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of human liver diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Lin ◽  
Ruonan Xu ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Liming Chen ◽  
Ming Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Human Liver

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Adult Human Liver: Hype or Hope?

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Kholodenko ◽  
Leonid K. Kurbatov ◽  
Roman V. Kholodenko ◽  
Garik V. Manukyan ◽  
Konstantin N. Yarygin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Short Supply

Chronic liver diseases constitute a significant economic, social, and biomedical burden. Among commonly adopted approaches, only organ transplantation can radically help patients with end-stage liver pathologies. Cell therapy with hepatocytes as a treatment for chronic liver disease has demonstrated promising results. However, quality human hepatocytes are in short supply. Stem/progenitor cells capable of differentiating into functionally active hepatocytes provide an attractive alternative approach to cell therapy for liver diseases, as well as to liver-tissue engineering, drug screening, and basic research. The application of methods generally used to isolate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and maintain them in culture to human liver tissue provides cells, designated here as liver MSCs. They have much in common with MSCs from other tissues, but differ in two aspects—expression of a range of hepatocyte-specific genes and, possibly, inherent commitment to hepatogenic differentiation. The aim of this review is to analyze data regarding liver MSCs, probably another type of liver stem/progenitor cells different from hepatic stellate cells or so-called hepatic progenitor cells. The review presents an analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of liver MSCs, their differentiation and therapeutic potential, methods for isolating these cells from human liver, and discusses issues of their origin and heterogeneity. Human liver MSCs are a fascinating object of fundamental research with a potential for important practical applications.

Enhancing therapeutic effects and in vivo tracking of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells for liver injury using bioorthogonal click chemistry

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naishun Liao ◽  
Da Zhang ◽  
Ming Wu ◽  
Huang-Hao Yang ◽  
Xiaolong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is attractive for liver diseases, but the long-term therapeutic outcome is still far from satisfaction due to low hepatic engraftment efficiency of...

scholarly journals Human Chorionic Plate-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Restore Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in a Rat Model of Bile Duct Ligation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Bin Lee ◽  
Jong Ho Choi ◽  
Eun Nam Kim ◽  
Jin Seok ◽  
Hyun-Jung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Chorionic Plate

In cholestatic liver diseases, impaired bile excretion disrupts lipid homeostasis. We investigated changes of lipid metabolism, including mitochondrial β-oxidation, in a rat model of bile duct ligation (BDL) in which chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CP-MSCs) were transplanted. Serum cholesterol level, which was elevated after BDL, was significantly decreased following CP-MSC transplantation. The expression levels of genes involved in intracellular lipid uptake, including long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetases and fatty acid transport proteins, were decreased in rats after BDL; however, they were not significantly changed by subsequent CP-MSC transplantation. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), a rate-limiting enzyme in mitochondrial β-oxidation, was upregulated after BDL and then was downregulated after CP-MSC transplantation. CPT1A expression was changed via microRNA-33—a posttranscriptional regulator of CPT1A—in a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α-independent manner. Cellular adenosine triphosphate production—an indicator of mitochondrial function—was reduced after BDL and was restored by CP-MSC transplantation. Expression levels of heme oxygenases also were significantly affected following BDL and CP-MSC transplantation. Lipid metabolism is altered in response to chronic cholestatic liver injury and can be restored by CP-MSC transplantation. Our study findings support the therapeutic potential of CP-MSCs in cholestatic liver diseases and help in understanding the fundamental mechanisms by which CP-MSCs affect energy metabolism.

Mobilization of hepatic mesenchymal stem cells from human liver grafts

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuwei Pan ◽  
Suomi M. G. Fouraschen ◽  
Fatima S. F. Aerts Kaya ◽  
Monique M. Verstegen ◽  
Mario Pescatori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Liver

scholarly journals Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Paracrine Signals Potentiate Human Liver Organoid Differentiation: Translational Implications for Liver Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lo Nigro ◽  
Alessia Gallo ◽  
Matteo Bulati ◽  
Giampiero Vitale ◽  
Diego Sebastian Paini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Liver Repair ◽  
Liver Organoids ◽  
End Stage

The prevalence of end-stage liver diseases has reached very high levels globally. The election treatment for affected patients is orthotopic liver transplantation, which is a very complex procedure, and due to the limited number of suitable organ donors, considerable research is being done on alternative therapeutic options. For instance, the use of cell therapy, such as the transplantation of hepatocytes to promote liver repair/regeneration, has been explored, but standardized protocols to produce suitable human hepatocytes are still limited. On the other hand, liver progenitor and multipotent stem cells offer potential cell sources that could be used clinically. Different studies have reported regarding the therapeutic effects of transplanted mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) on end-stage liver diseases. Moreover, it has been shown that delivery of MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) can reduce cell death and enhance liver proliferation in fulminant hepatic failure. Therefore, it is believed that MSC-CM contains many factors that probably support liver regeneration. In our work, we used an in vitro model of human liver organoids to study if the paracrine components secreted by human amnion-derived MSCs (hAMSCs) affected liver stem/progenitor cell differentiation. In particular, we differentiated liver organoids derived from bipotent EpCAM+ human liver cells and tested the effects of hAMSC secretome, derived from both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) hAMSC cultures, on that model. Our analysis showed that conditioned medium (CM) produced by 3D hAMSCs was able to induce an over-expression of mature hepatocyte markers, such as ALB, NTCP, and CYP3A4, compared with both 2D hAMSC cultures and the conventional differentiation medium (DM). These data were confirmed by the over-production of ALB protein and over-activity of CYP3A4 observed in organoids grown in 3D hAMSC-CM. Liver repair dysfunction plays a role in the development of liver diseases, and effective repair likely requires the normal functioning of liver stem/progenitor cells. Herein, we showed that hAMSC-CM produced mainly by 3D cultures had the potential to increase hepatic stem/progenitor cell differentiation, demonstrating that soluble factors secreted by those cells are potentially responsible for the reaction. This work shows a potential approach to improve liver repair/regeneration also in a transplantation setting.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells to treat liver diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 563-563
Author(s):  
Young Woo Eom ◽  
Seong Hee Kang ◽  
Moon Young Kim ◽  
Jong In Lee ◽  
Soon Koo Baik
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Diseases

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Liver Regeneration via Improving Lipid Accumulation and Hippo Signaling

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Faji Yang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Jinglin Wang ◽  
Xun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Hippo Signaling ◽  
Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
New Evidence

The liver has the potential to regenerate after injury. It is a challenge to improve liver regeneration (LR) after liver resection in clinical practice. Bone morrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown to have a role in various liver diseases. To explore the effects of MSCs on LR, we established a model of 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx). Results revealed that infusion of MSCs could improve LR through enhancing cell proliferation and cell growth during the first 2 days after PHx, and MSCs could also restore liver synthesis function. Infusion of MSCs also improved liver lipid accumulation partly via mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and enhanced lipid β-oxidation support energy for LR. Rapamycin-induced inhibition of mTOR decreased liver lipid accumulation at 24 h after PHx, leading to impaired LR. And after infusion of MSCs, a proinflammatory environment formed in the liver, evidenced by increased expression of IL-6 and IL-1β, and thus the STAT3 and Hippo-YAP pathways were activated to improve cell proliferation. Our results demonstrated the function of MSCs on LR after PHx and provided new evidence for stem cell therapy of liver diseases.

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