Induction of a specific muscle cell type by a hedgehog-like protein in zebrafish

Nature ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 382 (6590) ◽  
pp. 452-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Currie ◽  
Phillip W. Ingham
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Muscle Cell Type ◽  
Specific Muscle

scholarly journals Interstitial cells from rat middle cerebral artery belong to smooth muscle cell type

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 4532-4539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksym I. Harhun ◽  
Kinga Szewczyk ◽  
Holger Laux ◽  
Sally A. Prestwich ◽  
Dmitri V. Gordienko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Muscle Cell Type

scholarly journals Control of Muscle Cell-Type Specification in the Zebrafish Embryo by Hedgehog Signalling

1999 ◽  
Vol 216 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.E Lewis ◽  
P.D Currie ◽  
S Roy ◽  
H Schauerte ◽  
P Haffter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Hedgehog Signalling ◽  
Muscle Cell Type ◽  
Type Specification

scholarly journals Muscle cell type diversification facilitated by extensive gene duplications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison G. Cole ◽  
Sabrina Kaul ◽  
Stefan M. Jahnel ◽  
Julia Steger ◽  
Bob Zimmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Gene Duplications ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Cell Type ◽  
Fast Muscles

AbstractThe evolutionary mechanisms underlying the emergence of new cell types are still unclear. Here, we address the origin and diversification of muscle cells in the diploblastic sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. We discern two fast and two slow-contracting muscle cell populations in Nematostella differing by extensive sets of paralogous genes. The regulatory gene set of the slow cnidarian muscles and the bilaterian cardiac muscle are remarkably similar. By contrast, the two fast muscles differ substantially from each other, while driving the same set of paralogous structural protein genes. Our data suggest that extensive gene duplications and co-option of individual effector modules may have played an important role in cell type diversification during metazoan evolution.One Sentence SummaryThe study of the simple sea anemone suggests a molecular mechanism for cell type evolution and morphological complexity.

An Unusual Cause of Myoglobinuria

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Rhabdomyolysis ◽  
Specific Muscle

Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by the acute breakdown of skeletal muscle, resulting in the release of muscle cell contents like myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase, which can lead to acute kidney injury in severe cases. A number of etiologies have been identified in acute rhabdomyolysis including hereditary and acquired of which drugs and trauma account for the majority of cases [1]. Physical therapy is frequently prescribed and generally considered safe for weakness; deconditioning and non - specific muscle aches. Rhabdomyolysis following a massage session is unheard of. However we report a rare case of rhabdomyolysis with acute kidney injury following an aggressive massage session.

Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiated in Vitro as a Novel Source of Cells for Transplantation

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Dinsmore ◽  
Judson Ratliff ◽  
Terry Deacon ◽  
Peyman Pakzaba ◽  
Douglas Jacoby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Skeletal Myoblasts ◽  
Muscle Cell Type

The controlled differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into near homogeneous populations of both neurons and skeletal muscle cells that can survive and function in vivo after transplantation is reported. We show that treatment of pluripotent ES cells with retinoic acid (RA) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) induce differentiation of these cells into highly enriched populations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) expressing neurons and skeletal myoblasts, respectively. For neuronal differentiation, RA alone is sufficient to induce ES cells to differentiate into neuronal cells that show properties of postmitotic neurons both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo function of RA-induced neuronal cells was demonstrated by transplantation into the quinolinic acid lesioned striatum of rats (a rat model for Huntington's disease), where cells integrated and survived for up to 6 wk. The response of embryonic stem cells to DMSO to form muscle was less dramatic than that observed for RA. DMSO-induced ES cells formed mixed populations of muscle cells composed of cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle instead of homogeneous populations of a single muscle cell type. To determine whether the response of ES cells to DMSO induction could be further controlled, ES cells were stably transfected with a gene coding for the muscle-specific regulatory factor, MyoD. When induced with DMSO, ES cells constitutively expressing high levels of MyoD differentiated exclusively into skeletal myoblasts (no cardiac or smooth muscle cells) that fused to form myotubes capable of spontaneous contraction. Thus, the specific muscle cell type formed was controlled by the expression of MyoD. These results provided evidence that the specific cell type formed (whether it be muscle, neuronal, or other cell types) can be controlled in vitro. Further, these results demonstrated that ES cells can provide a source of multiple differentiated cell types that can be used for transplantation.

scholarly journals MyoD is a 3D genome structure organizer for muscle cell identity

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiting Wang ◽  
Fengling Chen ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Xin Wan ◽  
Minglei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Genome Organization ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Identity ◽  
3D Genome ◽  
A Genome

AbstractThe genome exists as an organized, three-dimensional (3D) dynamic architecture, and each cell type has a unique 3D genome organization that determines its cell identity. An unresolved question is how cell type-specific 3D genome structures are established during development. Here, we analyzed 3D genome structures in muscle cells from mice lacking the muscle lineage transcription factor (TF), MyoD, versus wild-type mice. We show that MyoD functions as a “genome organizer” that specifies 3D genome architecture unique to muscle cell development, and that H3K27ac is insufficient for the establishment of MyoD-induced chromatin loops in muscle cells. Moreover, we present evidence that other cell lineage-specific TFs might also exert functional roles in orchestrating lineage-specific 3D genome organization during development.

scholarly journals An update on clonality: what smooth muscle cell type makes up the atherosclerotic plaque?

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Schwartz ◽  
Renu Virmani ◽  
Mark W. Majesky
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Muscle Cell Type ◽  
Definition Of

Almost 50 years ago, Earl Benditt and his son John described the clonality of the atherosclerotic plaque. This led Benditt to propose that the atherosclerotic lesion was a smooth muscle neoplasm, similar to the leiomyomata seen in the uterus of most women. Although the observation of clonality has been confirmed many times, interest in the idea that atherosclerosis might be a form of neoplasia waned because of the clinical success of treatments for hyperlipemia and because animal models have made great progress in understanding how lipid accumulates in the plaque and may lead to plaque rupture.Four advances have made it important to reconsider Benditt’s observations. First, we now know that clonality is a property of normal tissue development. Second, this is even true in the vessel wall, where we now know that formation of clonal patches in that wall is part of the development of smooth muscle cells that make up the tunica media of arteries. Third, we know that the intima, the “soil” for development of the human atherosclerotic lesion, develops before the fatty lesions appear. Fourth, while the cells comprising this intima have been called “smooth muscle cells”, we do not have a clear definition of cell type nor do we know if the initial accumulation is clonal.As a result, Benditt’s hypothesis needs to be revisited in terms of changes in how we define smooth muscle cells and the quite distinct developmental origins of the cells that comprise the muscular coats of all arterial walls. Finally, since clonality of the lesions is real, the obvious questions are do these human tumors precede the development of atherosclerosis, how do the clones develop, what cell type gives rise to the clones, and in what ways do the clones provide the soil for development and natural history of atherosclerosis?

scholarly journals Synaptic silencing of fast muscle is compensated by rewired innervation of slow muscle

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. eaax8382
Author(s):  
Buntaro Zempo ◽  
Yasuhiro Yamamoto ◽  
Tory Williams ◽  
Fumihito Ono
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Startle Response ◽  
Fast Muscle ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Type Conversion ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Muscle Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Conversion ◽  
Fast Muscles

For decades, numerous studies have proposed that fast muscles contribute to quick movement, while slow muscles underlie locomotion requiring endurance. By generating mutant zebrafish whose fast muscles are synaptically silenced, we examined the contribution of fast muscles in both larval and adult zebrafish. In the larval stage, mutants lacked the characteristic startle response to tactile stimuli: bending of the trunk (C-bend) followed by robust forward propulsion. Unexpectedly, adult mutants with silenced fast muscles showed robust C-bends and forward propulsion upon stimulation. Retrograde labeling revealed that motor neurons genetically programmed to form synapses on fast muscles are instead rerouted and innervate slow muscles, which led to partial conversion of slow and intermediate muscles to fast muscles. Thus, extended silencing of fast muscle synapses changed motor neuron innervation and caused muscle cell type conversion, revealing an unexpected mechanism of locomotory adaptation.

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