Crystal settling in a vigorously convecting magma chamber

Nature ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 332 (6164) ◽  
pp. 534-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Martin ◽  
Roger Nokes
Keyword(s):  
Magma Chamber ◽  
Crystal Settling

The production of chemically stratified and adcumulate plutonic igneous rocks

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (398) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Tait ◽  
Claude Jaupart
Keyword(s):  
Magma Chamber ◽  
Solidification Front ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Igneous Intrusions ◽  
Starting Conditions ◽  
Crystal Settling ◽  
Physical Reasons ◽  
Liquid Line Of Descent

AbstractWe review recent advances on the physical principles of crystallization in multicomponent systems, and use them to provide a framework for interpreting petrological and geochemical observations from igneous intrusions. The thermal structure of crystallizing boundary layers imposes strong constraints on the chemical and mineralogical compositions of the solid that can form from a given melt. The thermal problem is largely independent of the chemical composition of the melt, and sets the course of crystallization. A key problem to understand is the temperature of the solidification front (which we take to mean that point at which the last drop of liquid solidifies) particularly in the geologically relevant case in which the temperature at the cold boundary is below the eutectic temperature. Focussing on the solidification front rather than on the liquidus is a valuable perspective. Adcumulus growth requires specific conditions and much can be learned from trying to understand how these can develop from given starting conditions. We discuss the physical reasons and field evidence for the existence of mushy layers, where solid fraction and temperature vary by large amounts. In such regions of the magma chamber, thermodynamic equilibrium is nearly achieved locally and, for a given temperature, this specifies the composition of the interstitial melt. Thus, in a magma chamber, the whole liquid line of descent is present simultaneously. Compositional convection is likely to set in, and this exchange between the interior of the mushy layer and the main reservoir leads to a chemically stratified solid, and to adcumulus growth. The contribution of crystal settling to the floor cumulates is evaluated as a function of the magnitude of convective heat flux through the roof. It is shown that crystal settling is unlikely to overwhelm in-situ nucleation and growth at the floor.

Evolution of crystal-settling in magma-chamber convection

1988 ◽  
Vol 87 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart A. Weinstein ◽  
David A. Yuen ◽  
Peter L. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Magma Chamber ◽  
Crystal Settling

PETROCHEMISTRY AND MAGMA CHAMBER PROCESSES OF THE PERUVIAN COASTAL BATHOLITH GRANITES IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE AREQUIPA SEGMENT

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Martinez ◽  
◽  
Benjamin L. Clausen ◽  
Scott R. Paterson ◽  
Vali Memeti
Keyword(s):  
Magma Chamber ◽  
Magma Chamber Processes

scholarly journals Compositional and Thermodynamic Variability in a Stratified Magma Chamber: Evidence from the Green Tuff Ignimbrite (Pantelleria, Italy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2245-2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Liszewska ◽  
J C White ◽  
R Macdonald ◽  
B Bagiński
Keyword(s):  
Magma Chamber

Chemistry and Differentiation of Mafic Dikes in an area near Fiskenaesset, West Greenland

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Rivalenti
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Magma Chamber ◽  
Trace Element Geochemistry ◽  
Element Geochemistry ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Olivine Tholeiite ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Upward Displacement ◽  
Crustal Magma

In the Fiskenaesset region (West Greenland), there are three generations of postorogenic doleritic dikes of tholeiitic affinity. Two types of differentiation are evident: (a) laterally from the contacts to center and vertically, with the upper centres of the youngest generation of dikes attaining an andesitic or rhyolitic composition; and (b) between the different generations of dikes.Major and trace element geochemistry and calculations of the cumulus composition indicate that the differentiation within dikes is due not to flow, but to a shallow crustal fractionation of an olivine tholeiite magma. The differentiation between the various generations is attributed to fractionation of an olivine tholeiite magma during its upward displacement from a deep crustal magma chamber.

scholarly journals Editorial for the Special Issue “Mineral Textural and Compositional Variations as a Tool for Understanding Magmatic Processes”

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Silvio Mollo ◽  
Flavio Di Stefano ◽  
Francesca Forni
Keyword(s):  
Magma Chamber ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Eruption Dynamics ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Magma Chamber Processes ◽  
Magmatic Processes ◽  
Compositional Variations

This Special Issue of Minerals collects seven different scientific contributions highlighting how magma chamber processes and eruption dynamics studied either in the laboratory or in nature may ultimately control the evolutionary histories and geochemical complexities of igneous rocks [...]

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