Stress-induced alignment of division plane in plant tissues grown in vitro

Nature ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 307 (5949) ◽  
pp. 363-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Lintilhac ◽  
Thompson B. Vesecky
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Division Plane

The role of silicon in forages: A quantitative X-Ray study

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
Janet H. Woodward ◽  
D. E. Akin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acetate Buffer ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percent Composition

Silicon (Si) is distributed throughout plant tissues, but its role in forages has not been clarified. Although Si has been suggested as an antiquality factor which limits the digestibility of structural carbohydrates, other research indicates that its presence in plants does not affect digestibility. We employed x-ray microanalysis to evaluate Si as an antiquality factor at specific sites of two cultivars of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactvlon (L.) Pers.). “Coastal” and “Tifton-78” were chosen for this study because previous work in our lab has shown that, although these two grasses are similar ultrastructurally, they differ in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in percent composition of Si.Two millimeter leaf sections of Tifton-7 8 (Tift-7 8) and Coastal (CBG) were incubated for 72 hr in 2.5% (w/v) cellulase in 0.05 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. For controls, sections were incubated in the sodium acetate buffer or were not treated.

scholarly journals Method for maintenance of coffee leaves in vitro for mass rearing of Leucoptera coffeellum (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Reis Jr. ◽  
Lima ◽  
Evaldo F. Vilela ◽  
Raimundo S. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Leaf Survival ◽  
The Ideal

To accomplish systematic studies with coffee leafminer, it is necessary to establish a mass rearing system under artificial conditions. It is possible to rear this species, from egg to adult, under laboratory conditions, without using coffee seedlings but detached leaves maintained in vitro. Synthetic cytokinins are routinely used for maintenance of plant cell and plant tissues in vitro. Two plant growth regulators, benzyladenin and kinetin, in concentrations 10-6 and 10-7 M were used to mantain the leaves. Green leaves collected in the field were maintained in the solution to be tested. Distilled water served as control. The experiment lasted 30 days, a period longer than the necessary for the complete development of the insect. Both artificial cytokinines indeed increased the lifetime of the coffee leaves, maintaining them green and healthy. Leaves placed in the cages for oviposition were attractive to the insect, with significant number of eggs per leaf. In most cases, eggs resulted in individuals that completed the whole developmental cycle. Tests with regulator in different concentrations with healthy leaves showed efficiency. However, we believe that hormone concentrations to be used with mined leaves should be larger, because these when maintained at 10-7 M leaves did not present a satisfactory lifetime. Therefore, tests with mined leaves with different hormone concentrations should be made to find out the ideal concentration for leaf survival. In our laboratory we are successfully using 10-6 M benzyladenin for the maintenance of mined leaves.

Acrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins from intact and cultured plant tissues

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Ibrahim ◽  
Emil Cavia
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Electrophoresis Of Proteins

An improved method is described for the extraction of soluble proteins from intact and in-vitro-cultured plant tissues. Its main characteristics are the elimination of contaminants, concentration and stability of extracts, and suitability for acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The usefulness of the method was demonstrated by depicting the differences in protein complements of intact cotyledons, callus tissue, and cell suspension cultures of flax.

Bacterial contamination of in vitro plant cultures: confounding effects on somaclonal variation and detection of contamination in plant tissues

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Moreno-Vázquez ◽  
Nerea Larrañaga ◽  
Elizabeth C. Uberhuaga ◽  
Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga ◽  
César Pérez-Ruíz
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
In Vitro Plant

Cytochemical staining and in vitro activity of acid trimetaphosphatase in etiolated soybean hypocotyls

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1501-1508
Author(s):  
P. Stôssel ◽  
G. Lazarovits ◽  
E. W. B. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Acid Phosphatases ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Glutaraldehyde Fixation ◽  
Cytochemical Staining ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Cytochemical Marker

Acid trimetaphosphatase has been used as a cytochemical marker for lysosomes in mammalian tissues. Application of the same technique, which employs glutaraldehyde as a fixative, to soybean hypocotyl tissues resulted in staining mainly of nuclei. Sodium fluoride, an effective phosphatase inhibitor, did not prevent but intensified nuclear staining. Nuclei were not stained in formaldehyde-fixed tissues; lead deposits occurred in vacuoles, but ultrastructural preservation was poor and the cytochemical response was inconsistent. Acid trimetaphosphatase activity was demonstrated readily in vitro in protein extracts of soybean tissues, and was strongly inhibited by sodium fluoride. Activity was much reduced in extracts from glutaraldehyde-fixed tissues but not in extracts from formaldehyde-fixed tissues in which it was similar to that in controls. It is concluded that nuclear staining for acid trimetaphosphatase is an artifact of glutaraldehyde fixation, and it is suggested that reports of nuclear staining of acid phosphatases in plant tissues should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Mycotoxins Biosynthesized by Plant-Derived Fusarium Isolates / Tvorba Mikotoksina U Vrstama Roda Fusarium Izoliranim Iz Biljaka

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Waśkiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Stępień
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Perennial Crops ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Very High

AbstractThere is little information on secondary metabolites produced by Fusaria infecting crop plants other than cereals. Many members of Fusarium genus have the ability to colonise perennial crops with only scarce infection or disease symptoms or with no symptoms at all while still being detectable. Even in case of such asymptomatic infection, significant mycotoxin contamination of the plant tissues is possible. The aim of this study was to characterise the spectrum of Fusarium species isolates obtained from different plant hosts (like asparagus, garlic, pineapple, banana, rhubarb, peppers, rice, maize, wheat, and oncidium) and evaluate their ability to biosynthesize the most common mycotoxins in vitro. Among the F.proliferatum isolates, up to 57 % of them biosynthesized fumonisins at very high mass fractions, amounting to above 1000 μg g-1, while other Fusarium species such as F. verticillioides, F. lactis, F. polyphialydicum, F. concentricum, F. temperatum, and F. fujikuroi formed fumonisins mostly at much lower level. Only F.ananatum and F. oxysporum did not produce these toxins. Co-occurrence of FBs with other mycotoxins [moniliformin (MON) and beauvericin (BEA)] was often observed and it was mainly F. proliferatum species that formed both mycotoxins (0.4 μg g-1 to 41.1 μg g-1 BEA and 0.1 μg g-1 to 158.5 μg g-1 MON).

Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microdevices for studying plant reproduction

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Arata ◽  
Tetsuya Higashiyama
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Microchannel Device

Long-term holding and precise handling of growing plant tissues during in vitro cultivation has been a major hurdle for experimental studies related to plant development and reproduction. In the present review, we introduce two of our newly developed poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microdevices: a T-shaped microchannel device for pollen tube chemoattraction and a microcage array for long-term live imaging of ovules. Their design, usage and advantages are described, and future prospects of experimental approaches to plant reproduction using such microdevices are discussed.

scholarly journals Aspects of biotechnology of plant tissues, organs and cells in vitro for producing farmacologically valuable metabolites

2015 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Andrey Ivanovitch Savushkin ◽  
Natalia Anatolyevna Sidorova ◽  
Sofia Mikhailovna Prokopuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissues

scholarly journals USE OF FORCING SOLUTIONS TO STUDY PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR EFFECTS ON VANHOUTTE'S SPIRAEA CULTURED IN VITRO

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1124e-1124
Author(s):  
Guochen Yang ◽  
P. E. Read
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Forcing Solution

Vanhoutte's spiraea has been propagated in vitro using explants from softwood growth of dormant stems forced in a solution containing 200 mg/l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (8-HQC) and 2% sucrose (Yang and Read, 1989). Objectives to further utilize this system were to determine the feasibility of applying plant growth regulators (PGR) via the forcing solution to softwood growth from forced dormant stems and to study the resulting influence on in vitro culture. BA and GA3 were placed in the forcing solution at various concentrations, including a zero PGR control. Explants were cultured on Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium containing zero PGR or different amounts of BA or thidiazuron (TDZ) or combinations of BA and IAA. Control explants placed on LS medium supplemented with 5uM BA with or without 1 or 5uM IAA, or with 0.5 or 0.75 uM TDZ alone produced the best shoot proliferation. BA in the forcing solution stimulated micropropagation, while GA3 caused less proliferation than explants from control solutions. Forcing solutions containing PGR are useful for manipulating responses of plant tissues cultured in vitro and for studying PGR influence on woody plant physiology.

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