Ultraviolet light activation of insect nuclear polyhedrosis virus

Nature ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 253 (5493) ◽  
pp. 628-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. RAMOSKA ◽  
GORDON R. STAIRS ◽  
W. FRED HINK
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Light Activation ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae): Potency and Effects of Selected Adjuvants on Insect Feeding Behavior2

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Farrar ◽  
Richard L. Ridgway ◽  
Stephen P. Cook ◽  
Kevin W. Thorpe ◽  
Ralph E. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Forest Service ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

The potency of two formulations of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the gypsy moth (LdMNPV) was evaluated in the laboratory. Both formulations were prepared with the same batch of LdMNPV produced in live insects by the USDA Forest Service. A Forest Service-recommended tank-mix preparation (LdMNPV, molasses, ultraviolet light screen, and sticker in water) was found to be about 20 times more potent than an experimental wettable powder preparation. The wettable powder also deterred feeding; the 20-fold difference in potency, though, is based on actual doses consumed. The addition of a stilbenedisulfonic acid derivative, Blankophor BBH, to the tank-mix and wettable powder preparations at a concentration of 1% (wt./vol.) reduced the LD50s by 42- and 214-fold, respectively. Blankophor BBH was also a moderate feeding deterrent to gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), larvae which could limit its efficacy as an enhancer of the virus. However, the addition of molasses to Blankophor BBH at least partially overcame the feeding deterrence. Other adjuvants were also tested for effects on larval feeding behavior, including Bond (sticker), Lignosite AN (ultraviolet light screen), and Carrier 244 (spray carrier). Of the materials tested, molasses was the strongest feeding stimulant, followed by Carrier 244. Bond and Lignosite AN had no detectable effect on feeding behavior in these tests. These data demonstrate the importance of monitoring potency during any formulation process, the possibility of enhancing the virus with adjuvants, and of understanding the effects of adjuvants on feeding behavior.

THE PERSISTENCE OF A NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS IN THE HABITAT OF THE HOST INSECT, TRICHOPLUSIA NI: I. POLYHEDRA DEPOSITED ON FOLIAGE

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 785-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Host Insect ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

AbstractField, glasshouse, and laboratory tests showed that deposits of polyhedra of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), on foliage are practically non-infective after a 1-month exposure to weathering. Inactivation by sunlight appeared to be more important than removal by washing by rain in causing this loss of activity. The virus was readily inactivated by exposure to ultraviolet light. Virus exposed in aqueous suspensions of polyhedra or in wetted deposits was inactivated by shorter exposures than was virus in dry deposits of polyhedra.

Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Spray Adjuvants as Ultraviolet Light Protectants for the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of the Celery Looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)2

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Farrar ◽  
Richard L. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Feeding Stimulant ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Spray Adjuvants

Four spray adjuvants were tested in the laboratory as ultraviolet light (UV) protectants for the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the celery looper, Anagraphs falcifera (Kirby) (AfMNPV), against the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). We tested a sodium lignin sulfonate (Lignosite AN®), two diaminostilbene disulfonic acid-derived fluorescent brighteners (Blankophor BBH® and Blankophor HRS®), and a nutrient-based feeding stimulant (Coax®). Lignosite AN was active as a UV protectant; Blankophor BBH, as both an enhancer and a UV protectant; Blankophor HRS, as an enhancer only, and; Coax, as a UV protectant only. Lack of an effect of Coax as a feeding stimulant may be due to the design of the bioassay, in which larvae were confined on small pieces of foliage. However, the practical utility of some, if not all, of these materials may be limited by the cost and/or bulk of the amounts required to achieve the desired effects.

The inactivation of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Trichoplusia ni by gamma and ultraviolet radiation

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1161-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

The activity of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Trichoplusia ni was reduced by 90% when exposed as an aqueous suspension of polyhedra to a dose of 3 × 105 rads of gamma radiation. A dose in excess of 1 × 107 rads completely inactivated the virus in suspensions. The virus was more readily inactivated when exposed as dry deposits of polyhedra than as aqueous suspensions. Bacterial contaminants in the viral suspensions were more sensitive to gamma radiation than was the virus but the virus was the more sensitive to ultraviolet light.

scholarly journals Bombyx mori Pupae Efficiently Produce Recombinant AAV2/HBoV1 Vectors with a Bombyx mori Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus Expression System

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Qian Yu ◽  
Pengfei Chang ◽  
Xiaoxuan Liu ◽  
Peng Lü ◽  
Qi Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Silkworm Pupae ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have broad application prospects in the field of gene therapy. The establishment of low-cost and large-scale manufacturing is now the general agenda for industry. The baculovirus-insect cell/larva expression system has great potential for these applications due to its scalability and predictable biosafety. To establish a more efficient production system, Bombyx mori pupae were used as a new platform and infected with recombinant Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV). The production of a chimeric recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) serotype 2/human bocavirus type-1 (HBoV1) vector was used to evaluate the efficiency of this new baculovirus expression vector (BEV)–insect expression system. For this purpose, we constructed two recombinant BmNPVs, which were named rBmNPV/AAV2Rep-HBoV1Cap and rBmNPV/AAV2ITR-eGFP. The yields of rAAV2/HBoV1 derived from the rBmNPV/AAV2Rep-HBoV1Cap and rBmNPV/AAV2ITR-eGFP co-infected BmN cells exceeded 2 × 104 vector genomes (VG) per cell. The rBmNPV/AAV2Rep-HBoV1Cap and rBmNPV/AAV2ITR-eGFP can express stably for at least five passages. Significantly, rAAV2/HBoV1 could be efficiently generated from BmNPV-infected silkworm larvae and pupae at average yields of 2.52 × 1012 VG/larva and 4.6 × 1012 VG/pupa, respectively. However, the vectors produced from the larvae and pupae had a high percentage of empty particles, which suggests that further optimization is required for this platform in the future. Our work shows that silkworm pupae, as an efficient bioreactor, have great potential for application in the production of gene therapy vectors.

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