Bioassay of nuclear polyhedrosis virus against larval stages ofSpodoptera litura (Fabricius) and the effect of protectants against ultraviolet light

1975 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
Udom Komolpith ◽  
N. Ramakrishanan
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

Ultraviolet light activation of insect nuclear polyhedrosis virus

Nature ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 253 (5493) ◽  
pp. 628-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. RAMOSKA ◽  
GORDON R. STAIRS ◽  
W. FRED HINK
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Light Activation ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae): Potency and Effects of Selected Adjuvants on Insect Feeding Behavior2

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Farrar ◽  
Richard L. Ridgway ◽  
Stephen P. Cook ◽  
Kevin W. Thorpe ◽  
Ralph E. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Forest Service ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

The potency of two formulations of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the gypsy moth (LdMNPV) was evaluated in the laboratory. Both formulations were prepared with the same batch of LdMNPV produced in live insects by the USDA Forest Service. A Forest Service-recommended tank-mix preparation (LdMNPV, molasses, ultraviolet light screen, and sticker in water) was found to be about 20 times more potent than an experimental wettable powder preparation. The wettable powder also deterred feeding; the 20-fold difference in potency, though, is based on actual doses consumed. The addition of a stilbenedisulfonic acid derivative, Blankophor BBH, to the tank-mix and wettable powder preparations at a concentration of 1% (wt./vol.) reduced the LD50s by 42- and 214-fold, respectively. Blankophor BBH was also a moderate feeding deterrent to gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), larvae which could limit its efficacy as an enhancer of the virus. However, the addition of molasses to Blankophor BBH at least partially overcame the feeding deterrence. Other adjuvants were also tested for effects on larval feeding behavior, including Bond (sticker), Lignosite AN (ultraviolet light screen), and Carrier 244 (spray carrier). Of the materials tested, molasses was the strongest feeding stimulant, followed by Carrier 244. Bond and Lignosite AN had no detectable effect on feeding behavior in these tests. These data demonstrate the importance of monitoring potency during any formulation process, the possibility of enhancing the virus with adjuvants, and of understanding the effects of adjuvants on feeding behavior.

THE PERSISTENCE OF A NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS IN THE HABITAT OF THE HOST INSECT, TRICHOPLUSIA NI: I. POLYHEDRA DEPOSITED ON FOLIAGE

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 785-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Host Insect ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

AbstractField, glasshouse, and laboratory tests showed that deposits of polyhedra of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), on foliage are practically non-infective after a 1-month exposure to weathering. Inactivation by sunlight appeared to be more important than removal by washing by rain in causing this loss of activity. The virus was readily inactivated by exposure to ultraviolet light. Virus exposed in aqueous suspensions of polyhedra or in wetted deposits was inactivated by shorter exposures than was virus in dry deposits of polyhedra.

Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Spray Adjuvants as Ultraviolet Light Protectants for the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of the Celery Looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)2

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Farrar ◽  
Richard L. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Feeding Stimulant ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Spray Adjuvants

Four spray adjuvants were tested in the laboratory as ultraviolet light (UV) protectants for the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the celery looper, Anagraphs falcifera (Kirby) (AfMNPV), against the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). We tested a sodium lignin sulfonate (Lignosite AN®), two diaminostilbene disulfonic acid-derived fluorescent brighteners (Blankophor BBH® and Blankophor HRS®), and a nutrient-based feeding stimulant (Coax®). Lignosite AN was active as a UV protectant; Blankophor BBH, as both an enhancer and a UV protectant; Blankophor HRS, as an enhancer only, and; Coax, as a UV protectant only. Lack of an effect of Coax as a feeding stimulant may be due to the design of the bioassay, in which larvae were confined on small pieces of foliage. However, the practical utility of some, if not all, of these materials may be limited by the cost and/or bulk of the amounts required to achieve the desired effects.

Dissemination of Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus against the Forest Tent Caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon R. Stairs
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Malacosoma Disstria ◽  
Forest Tent Caterpillar ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Tent Caterpillar

AbstractA nuclear polyhedrosis virus was disseminated into field populations of an incipient outbreak of the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria (Hübner). Mortality varied with the concentration of virus used and the age of larvae at the time of spraying. Larvae showed symptoms of infection more rapidly when sprayed with the higher concentrations and secondary infection and mortality occurred in areas where initial mortality developed during the early larval stages.

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