Plasma Testosterone, Dominance Rank and Aggressive Behaviour in Male Rhesus Monkeys

Nature ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 231 (5302) ◽  
pp. 366-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT M. ROSE ◽  
JOHN W. HOLADAY ◽  
IRWIN S. BERNSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Male Rhesus

DIURNAL VARIATION IN PLASMA TESTOSTERONE AND CORTISOL IN RHESUS MONKEYS LIVING IN SOCIAL GROUPS

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. ROSE ◽  
T. P. GORDON ◽  
I. S. BERNSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Considerable Individual Variation ◽  
Male Rhesus

SUMMARY Concentrations of cortisol and testosterone in the plasma of adult male rhesus monkeys living in social groups were determined during a 27-h period. Capture and venipuncture of experienced, conditioned animals did not lead to a fall in the concentration of testosterone in the plasma during the 90 min immediately after removal from the group. Both plasma cortisol and plasma testosterone concentrations showed a significant fall and rise in samples collected every 3 h during a 27-h period, even though there was considerable individual variation. During the autumn breeding season, animals showed higher concentrations of testosterone at both 10.00 and 22.00 h compared with those observed at the same times during the summer. Even though animals demonstrated significant diurnal changes, testosterone samples withdrawn at the same time of day (10.00 h) on consecutive days were significantly correlated with one another (r = 0·65, n = 27, P < 0·01), suggesting the usefulness of sampling once a day to study potential environmental influences on plasma testosterone concentrations.

AN ANNUAL RHYTHM IN THE PLASMA TESTOSTERONE OF ADULT MALE RHESUS MONKEYS MAINTAINED IN THE LABORATORY

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. PLANT ◽  
D. ZUMPE ◽  
M. SAULS ◽  
R. P. MICHAEL
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Annual Rhythm ◽  
Male Rhesus

DIURNAL CHANGES IN PLASMA TESTOSTERONE AND STUDIES ON PLASMA CORTICOSTEROIDS IN NON-ANAESTHETIZED MALE RHESUS MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA)

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. MICHAEL ◽  
K. D. R. SETCHELL ◽  
T. M. PLANT
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
Male Rhesus

SUMMARY The assays of testosterone and corticosteroids in plasma from adult male rhesus monkeys using competitive protein-binding and radioimmunoassay techniques are described. The radioimmunoassay for testosterone was conducted without chromatography and, therefore, additionally estimated 17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one (dihydrotestosterone). Levels of testosterone in the peripheral plasma of 14 intact male rhesus monkeys showed marked fluctuations over a period of 24 h. Concentrations of testosterone at 22.00 h (1776 ± 814 ( ± s.d.) ng/100 ml) were approximately double those at 08.00 h (858 ± 407 ng/100 ml), 12.00 h (898 ± 316 ng/100 ml) and 16.00 h (784 ± 530 ng/100 ml). Castration resulted in low plasma testosterone levels (85 ± 29 ng/100 ml), and the increases at 22.00 h were no longer observed. In intact males, the 'basal' plasma corticosteroidlevel(08.00 h) was 22·4 ± 6·0 μg/100 ml. Administration of synthetic corticotrophin raised plasma corticosteroid levels without changing plasma testosterone concentration. Because plasma testosterone levels were not related to changes in adrenocortical activity, the noctural rises appear to be due to changes in testicular secretion.

Evaluation of hippocampus in rhesus monkeys after chronic (1-year) inhalation exposure to marijuana: I. Electron microscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-399
Author(s):  
A.M. Andrews ◽  
S.W. Wilson ◽  
A.C. Scallet ◽  
S.F. Ali ◽  
J. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Synaptic Cleft ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ultrastructural Evidence ◽  
Male Rhesus

Exposure of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to marijuana via inhalation or to intravenous delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), reportedly caused ultrastructural evidence of increased synaptic width. Chronic marijuana smoke in a single rhesus monkey examined after a six month withdrawal time caused ultrastructure changes in the septal, hippocampal and amygdala regions; the synaptic cleft was widened, electron opaque material was found in the cleft and in the pre- and postsynaptic regions, with some clumping of the synaptic vesicles. The objective of our study was to assess neuropathological alterations produced by chronic inhalation of marijuana smoke.Nineteen male rhesus monkeys, 3-5 years of age and weighing 3-8 kg, were divided into four treatment groups: a) sham control, b) placebo smoke (7 days/ week) c) low dose marijuana (2 times/week with 5 days/week sham) and d) high dose marijuana (7 times/week). A smoke exposure consisted of smoke from one cigarette (2.6% THC) burned down to 10 mm butt length. Smoke was administered via smoke generator (ADL II, Arthur D. Little, Inc. Cambridge, MA) and nose-mouth only masks (local production) equipped with one-way valves.

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