Use of Ultra-violet-irradiated Sea Water in the Preparation of Culture Media

Nature ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 211 (5048) ◽  
pp. 483-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. HAMILTON ◽  
A. F. CARLUCCI
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ultra Violet

scholarly journals Effect of culture medium light and air circulation on sporulation of Neonectria ditissima

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W.A. Scheper ◽  
B.M. Fisher ◽  
N.T. Amponsah ◽  
M. Walter
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Light Darkness ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Air Circulation

In culture most isolates of Neonectria ditissima the causal organism of European canker do not produce conidia Those that do often produce singlecelled conidia rather than the typical multicelled conidia that are found in nature A series of experiments was conducted to determine the conditions needed for conidium production Four culture media (malt extract agar modified Matsushimas medium (MM) apple sap amended water agar (ASAWA) and water agar) five light regimes including darkness near ultra violet (NUV) light and white fluorescent light and three plate sealing patterns were tested Subculturing isolates producing large numbers of viable conidia of which 71 produced multicelled conidia Similarly under a white fluorescent light/darkness regime all isolates produced viable conidia on MM and ASAWA and 100 and 97 of the isolates produced multicelled conidia respectively

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Biodegradation of Petroleum Contaminants by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Caspian Sea Coastline Waters

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Samira Mehrdad ◽  
◽  
Keivan Saeb ◽  
Lobat Taghavi ◽  
Masood Ghane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Predominant Strain

Background: Water plays an essential role in supporting life on earth and sea worldwide, requiringclean, safe, high quality and sustainable resources. Nowadays, many water resources have been contaminatedwith toxic compounds originating from petroleumdue to economical and industrial developments. There is anurgent need to clean up the waters with environmentally friendlyand inexpensive methods. This study investigated the biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) using Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) in southern Caspian Sea coastline. Methods: Coastline sediment samples were collected, with P. aeruginosa being the predominant strain. The bacteria were cultured in triplicates in the presence of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4% of gasoline andunder specific experimental conditions of varying temperature, pH, salinity, shaker speed, and incubation periods. The data representing the gasoline biodegradation in the samples were statistically analyzed. Results: At optimized experimental conditions for temperature, pH, salinity, incubation period, and shaker speed, maximum biodegradation of TPH was achieved by culturing P. aeruginosa strains with the sea water samples containing varying concentrations of gasoline. Conclusion: The gram-negative bacteria, P. aeruginosa, almost completely biodegraded TPH contaminants from the samples’ culture media over 28 days of incubation. We conclude that the use of P. aeruginosa is an efficient method for the biodegradation of Caspian coastal waters contaminated with TPH.

scholarly journals Use of Biofuel Industry Wastes as Alternative Nutrient Sources for DHA-Yielding Schizochytrium limacinum Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4398
Author(s):  
Sofoklis Bouras ◽  
Nikolaos Katsoulas ◽  
Dimitrios Antoniadis ◽  
Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Biofuel Industry ◽  
Schizochytrium Limacinum

The simultaneous use of crude glycerol and effluent from anaerobic digestate, both wastes derived from the biofuel industry, were tested in the frame of circular economy concept, as potential low-cost nutrient sources for the cultivation of rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) oil microalgae strain Schizochytrium limacinum SR21. Initially, the optimal carbon and nitrogen concentration levels for high S. limacinum biomass and lipids production were determined, in a culture media containing conventional, high cost, organic nitrogen sources (yeast extract and peptone), micronutrients and crude glycerol at varying concentrations. Then, the effect of a culture media composed of crude glycerol (as carbon source) and effluent digestate at varying proportions on biomass productivity, lipid accumulation, proximate composition, carbon assimilation and fatty acid content were determined. It was shown that the biomass and total lipid content increased considerably with varying effluent concentrations reaching 49.2 g L−1 at 48% (v/v) of effluent concentration, while the lipid yield at the same effluent concentration reached 10.15 g L−1, compared to 17.0 g L−1 dry biomass and 10.2 g L−1 lipid yield when yeast extract and peptone medium with micronutrients was used. Compared to the control treatment, the above production was obtained with 48% less inorganic salts, which are needed for the preparation of the artificial sea water. It was shown that Schizochytrium limacinum SR21 was able to remediate 40% of the total organic carbon content of the biofuel wastes, while DHA productivity remained at low levels with saturated fatty acids comprising the main fraction of total fatty acid content. The results of the present study suggest that the simultaneous use of two waste streams from the biofuel industry can serve as potential nutrient sources for the growth of Schizochytrium limacinum SR21, replacing the high cost organic nutrients and up to one half the required artificial sea water salts, but upregulation of DHA productivity through optimization of the abiotic environment is necessary for industrial application, including aqua feed production.

Influence des conditions de culture préalables et de la présence du gènerpoSpour la survie deSalmonella typhimuriumen eau de mer exposée à la lumière solaire

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Maatouk ◽  
S Zaafrane ◽  
J M Gauthier ◽  
A Bakhrouf
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Isogenic Strains

The effect of sunlight exposure on Salmonella typhimurium isogenic strains harboring an rpoS gene functional (rpoS+) or not functional (rpoS–) was investigated in microcosms of sterile sea water at 20 °C. The two strains rapidly lost their ability to produce colonies on solid culture media. The detrimental action of sunlight was more important when the salinity of sea water increased. The survival of stationary phase cells was influenced by RpoS. Bacteria grown in media with high salinity or osmolarity and transferred to sea water in stationary phase were more resistant to irradiation than those grown in media with low salinity. Prior growth under oxidative (0.2 mmol/L of H2O2) or amino acid starved (minimal medium) conditions did not modify the survival of either strain when they were exposed to sunlight. Bacteria were more resistant when cells were incubated in sea water in the dark prior to being exposed to sunlight. The resistance to sunlight irradiation was also greater in clones of both strains isolated from microcosms exposed to sunlight for 90 min, then further inoculated into sea water and reexposed to sunlight.Key words: Salmonella typhimurium, sea water, sunlight, rpoS, σs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Culture Conditions to Obtain Fatty Acids from Saline Microalgae Species:Dunaliella salina,Sinecosyfissp., andChroomonassp.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Castilla Casadiego ◽  
A. R. Albis Arrieta ◽  
E. R. Angulo Mercado ◽  
S. J. Cervera Cahuana ◽  
K. S. Baquero Noriega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosenoic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Omega 6

The use of the saline microalgae,Dunaliella salina, Sinecosyfissp., andChroomonassp., was explored as an alternative source for the production of fatty acids using fertilizer and glycerol as culture media. The nutrient medium used contained “Nutrifoliar,” a commercial fertilizer, and/or glycerol, in natural sea water. The microalgae were placed in cultures with different conditions. The parameters that favored the largest production of fatty acids were 24 hours of agitation and illumination, 1620 L/day of air supply, 2.25 L of air/min, and a temperature of 32°C using “Nutrifoliar” as the culture media. Results indicated that, from 3 g of microalgae in wet base ofChroomonassp., 54.43 mg of oil was produced. The chromatographic characterization of oil obtained revealed the presence of essential fatty acids such as 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (omega-3) and 4,7,10-hexadecatrienoic acid (omega-6) from the speciesDunaliella salina.On the other hand, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (omega-6) and cis-11-eicosenoic acid (omega-9) were identified from the speciesChroomonassp. The temperature variations played an important role in the velocity of growth or the production of the algae biomass, the amount of oil, and the ability to produce fatty acids.

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN KULTUR ROTIFER DENGAN TANGKI VOLUME KECIL

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Philip Teguh Imanto
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Culture Container

Keberhasilan pembenihan ikan sangat dipengaruhi keberhasilan produksi jasad pakan rotifer secara tepat dan efisien. Penelitian kultur rotifer dengan tangki volume kecil bertujuan untuk mendapatkan efisiensi produksi yang paling optimal dan memenuhi prinsip dasar akuakultur low volume high density. Penelitian menggunakan tangki polyethylene dengan volume 500 L dan volume media awal 100 L, padat tebar awal 200 ind. rotifer per mL dengan sediaan pakan dasar fitoplankton Nannocloropsis occulata, ragi roti (0,05 g/mio.rot./feeding) dan suplemen Scott emulsion (0,005 g/mio.rot./feeding). Penelitian dilakukan secara bertahap; tahap pertama (I) tanpa penambahan air laut, peningkatan volume hanya dari penambahan 15 L Nannochloropsis tiap hari sampai hari kelima, tahap kedua (II) dengan penambahan alga 40 L dan air laut 40 L; serta tahap ketiga (III) dengan menggandakan pemberian ragi roti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada percobaan tahap I: total produksi rata-rata 122,37 x 106 ind. rotifer, pada tahap II: 97,67 x 106 ind. rotifer, dan pada tahap III: dicapai rata-rata total produksi tertinggi dengan 187,17 x 106 ind. rotifer per tanki kultur 500 L. Pengelolaan kultur pada tahap III memberikan hasil terbaik dengan simpangan terkecil antar tangki kultur ulangan, dan membuktikan sebagai pengelolaan terbaik untuk kultur rotifer dengan tangki volume kecil. Success of marine seed production is highly influenced by effective and efficient production performance of life food rotifer. Observation on rotifer culture using small volume tank was aimed to get the optimum production and efficiency, to fulfill the basic principle of aquaculture “low volume high density”. Polyethylene tanks of 500 L. were used as culture container, with initial 100 liter sea water as culture medium and initial density of 200 ind. rotifer per mL. N. occulata, baker yeast (0.05 g/mio.rotifer/feeding) and Scott emulsion (0.005 g/mio.rotifer/feeding) were used as basic feed, and applied differently among three trials. First trial without seawater addition, increasing volume of culture media was only from 15 L. of N. occulata within 5 days culture, second trial was done with addition of seawater of 40 L and 40 L of N. occulata every day; and the last trial with twice dosage of baker yeast from trial I and II. The result showed that the average total production from the first trial was 122.37 x 106 ind. rotifer and the second trial was decreased to 97.67 x 106 ind. rotifer. Highest average total production was achieved by the last trial with 187.17 x 106 ind. rotifer per culture tank 500 L. Culture management on the third trial gave the best result with the lowest deviation among replication tanks, and proved as the best management practice for small-scale culture container.

scholarly journals Technology and Unit for Water Desalination with Use of Wind-Driven Generator

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Кострица ◽  
V. Kostritsa ◽  
Камруков ◽  
A. Kamrukov ◽  
Багров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Technical Characteristic ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Energy Storage Device ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Brackish Waters ◽  
Wide Range

The innovative project of application of wind driven generators in units for sea and brackish waters desalination by reversed osmosis method with thermal utilization of salt concentrates and pulse ultra-violet disinfecting has been presented. This project implementation will provide with fresh water residential and industrial facilities, as well as farms in the areas located near the sea coast or having sources of underground brackish waters. This unit development aimed to obtaining fresh water with minimum expense of the salt concentrate in the form of sewage, and in some cases with its complete exception. The technical characteristic of autonomous unit for sea water desalination with performance on desalinated water equal to 50 m3 per day has been presented. Distinctive feature of the autonomous desalination unit is development of a module for pulse ultra-violet disinfecting of water by impact on it with high-intensity pulse ultra-violet wide range radiation and construction of an energy storage device based on a super condensers block which allowed the autonomous wind driven generator to use the energy concluded in wind fluctuations.

THE SPECTRAL ABSORPTION OF LIGHT BY PURE WATER AND BAY OF FUNDY WATER

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM REGINALD SAWYER
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Spectral Absorption ◽  
Absorption Of Light ◽  
Quartz Spectrograph

The spectral absorption of light (350–650 mμ) by pure water and bay of Fundy water was determined by means of a quartz spectrograph, Nicol prisms, and tubes of water of varying lengths up to 5 metres. The sun at noon on clear days was used as the source of radiation, its constancy being checked by means of a pyrheliometer. The tubes and spectrograph were placed in an equatorial mounting and the radiation from the sun controlled by a heliostat mirror. The results in the visible for distilled water agree with those of other workers. There appears to be a surprising difference in the absorption of ultra-violet between distilled water and natural waters. Less than 0.5 per cent of the near ultra-violet was transmitted by 1 metre of one of the samples of sea-water. A number of applications of the above method have been suggested.

Memoirs: Studies on the Cultivation of Pieces of the Mantle of Modiolus Modiolus

1937 ◽  
Vol s2-79 (316) ◽  
pp. 659-678
Author(s):  
K. A. R. GRESSON
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Hanging Drop ◽  
Ultra Violet Light ◽  
Drop Method ◽  
Violet Light ◽  
Modiolus Modiolus ◽  
Hanging Drop Method ◽  
Granular Amoebocytes

1. Pieces of the mantle of Modiolus were sterilized by means of ultra-violet light, and cultivated, by the hanging drop method, in sea-water, and in sea-water plus tissue extract. 2. An outwandering of amoebocytes takes place shortly after the preparations are made; this is followed by an outgrowth from the epithelium which secretes the shell. Three types of epithelial cells are present in the outgrowths. 3. Undoubted stages of mitosis or of amitosis were not observed amongst the epithelial cells. 4. The shell epithelium often becomes folded so that hollows are present on the surface of the explant. The cells at the margin of the folds become elongate and tend to grow over the hollows. 5. The amoebocytes, by means of membranous expansions of the ectoplasm and fine pseudopodial-like processes, undergo movements and change of shape. Clumped and necrotic cells are rounded. 6. Hyaline and finely granular amoebocytes, due to their phagocytic action, become filled with granules, vacuoles, and large deeply stained bodies. 7. The amoebocytes often form a loose network in the medium. 8. Stages of mitosis or of amitosis were not observed, but amoebocytes with double nuclei were present in some of the preparations.

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