Argentaffin Cell Incidence in the Rectal Mucosa of Man, Mouse, and Hamster

Nature ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 207 (4999) ◽  
pp. 873-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELEANOR E. DESCHNER
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Argentaffin Cell

Electron Microscopy in the diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 866-867
Author(s):  
Carole Vogler ◽  
Harvey S. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lysosomal Enzyme ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Lysosomal Storage Diseases ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Storage Material ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Storage Diseases

Diagnostic procedures for evaluation of patients with lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) seek to identify a deficiency of a responsible lysosomal enzyme or accumulation of a substance that requires the missing enzyme for degradation. Most patients with LSD have progressive neurological degeneration and may have a variety of musculoskeletal and visceral abnormalities. In the LSD, the abnormally diminished lysosomal enzyme results in accumulation of unmetabolized catabolites in distended lysosomes. Because of the subcellular morphology and size of lysosomes, electron microscopy is an ideal tool to study tissue from patients with suspected LSD. In patients with LSD all cells lack the specific lysosomal enzyme but the distribution of storage material is dependent on the extent of catabolism of the substrate in each cell type under normal circumstances. Lysosmal storages diseases affect many cell types and tissues. Storage material though does not accumulate in all tissues and cell types and may be different biochemically and morphologically in different tissues.Conjunctiva, skin, rectal mucosa and peripheral blood leukocytes may show ultrastructural evidence of lysosomal storage even in the absence of clinical findings and thus any of these tissues can be used for ultrastructural examination in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected LSD. Biopsy of skin and conjunctiva are easily obtained and provide multiple cell types including endothelium, epithelium, fibroblasts and nerves for ultrastructural study. Fibroblasts from skin and conjunctiva can also be utilized for the initiation of tissue cultures for chemical assays. Brain biopsy has been largely replaced by biopsy of more readily obtained tissue and by biochemical assays. Such assays though may give equivical or nondiagnostic results and in some lysosomal storage diseases an enzyme defect has not yet been identified and diagnoses can be made only by ultrastructural examination.

Clinical Experience with Suction Biopsy of the Rectal Mucosa

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold L. Flick ◽  
Karl F. Voegtlin ◽  
Cyrus E. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Suction Biopsy

Virulence Properties of Escherichia coli Isolated from the Rectal Mucosa of Patients with First Attacks of Colitis

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schumacher ◽  
H. Steinrûck ◽  
A. Geyid ◽  
B. Kollberg ◽  
Å. Ljungh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Virulence Properties

scholarly journals Identification of potential biomarkers for abdominal pain in IBS patients by bioinformatics approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyuan Lin ◽  
Yimin Wang ◽  
Shiqing Lin ◽  
Decheng Liu ◽  
Guohui Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disease characterized by chronic abdominal discomfort and pain. The mechanisms of abdominal pain, as a relevant symptom, in IBS are still unclear. We aimed to explore the key genes and neurobiological changes specially involved in abdominal pain in IBS. Methods Gene expression data (GSE36701) was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Fifty-three rectal mucosa samples from 27 irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) patients and 40 samples from 21 healthy volunteers as controls were included. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two groups were identified using the GEO2R online tool. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed on the DAVID database. Then a protein–protein interaction network was constructed and visualized using STRING database and Cytoscape. Results The microarray analysis demonstrated a subset of genes (CCKBR, CCL13, ACPP, BDKRB2, GRPR, SLC1A2, NPFF, P2RX4, TRPA1, CCKBR, TLX2, MRGPRX3, PAX2, CXCR1) specially involved in pain transmission. Among these genes, we identified GRPR, NPFF and TRPA1 genes as potential biomarkers for irritating abdominal pain of IBS patients. Conclusions Overexpression of certain pain-related genes (GRPR, NPFF and TRPA1) may contribute to chronic visceral hypersensitivity, therefore be partly responsible for recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort in IBS patients. Several synapses modification and biological process of psychological distress may be risk factors of IBS.

Diagnosis of preclinical scrapie in samples of rectal mucosa

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (26) ◽  
pp. 846-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gonzalez ◽  
M. Jeffrey ◽  
S. SisO ◽  
S. Martin ◽  
S. J. Bellworthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Mucosa

Morphological consequences of bisacodyl on normal human rectal mucosa: effect of a prostaglandin E1 analog on mucosal injury

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Saunders ◽  
R.C. Haggitt ◽  
M.B. Kimmey ◽  
F.E. Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E1 ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Normal Human

Cow's Milk Protein Intolerance

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-462
Author(s):  
HAROLD I. LECKS
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk Protein Intolerance ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Protein Intolerance

In Reply.— The literature has been replete with discussions of cow's milk protein hypersensitivity relevant to its diagnosis as well as clinical patterns of presentation since the entity was initially described by M. Rubin 40 years ago. Drs Gilbertson and Bentley now suggest a comparatively simple diagnostic procedure for detecting cow's milk protein intolerance (hypersensitivity) by merely inspecting the rectal mucosa of the infant at risk. My criticism of their observations relates initially to the specificity of rectal mucosal vascularity changes, as well as to the pragmatic aspects of this diagnostic procedure.

Cow's Milk Protein Intolerance

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-461
Author(s):  
NICOLA J. GILBERTSON ◽  
DONALD BENTLEY
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk Protein Intolerance ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Intolerance

To the Editor.— With regard to the diagnosis of cow's milk protein intolerance, we were interested by the findings of Kahn et al (Pediatrics 1985;76:880-884) and Dr Lecks' subsequent comments (Pediatrics 1986;78:378). A hitherto undescribed clinical feature that may contribute to the establishment of this diagnosis is the presence of hyperemia of the rectal mucosa in affected infants. Proctoscopy may readily be performed using a lubricated pediatric otoscope. The procedure is well tolerated, inexpensive, and takes only a few seconds.

scholarly journals Prevalence, population dynamics and pathological effects of intestinal helminths in Black Bengal goats

1970 ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
UK Mohanta ◽  
A Anisuzzaman ◽  
T Farjana ◽  
PM Das ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Parasitic Burden

Prevalence, population dynamics and pathological effects of intestinal helminths in Black Bengal goats were studied by examining 150 viscera collecting from different slaughter houses of Mymensingh district from the period of November 2005 to May 2006 in the Department of Parasitology and Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh,  of which 94.67% goats were infected with one or more species of helminths. A total of 5 species of helminth parasites were identified such as Oesophagostomum columbianum (92%), Trchuris ovis (56.66%), Schistosoma indicum (38%), Moniezia expansa (10.66%) and Moniezia benedeni (2.66%). Single infection was observed in case of O. columbianum (16%) and S. indicum (2.66%). Single sex infection was established by S. indicum male (5.33%). Overall mean parasitic burden was 34.02±2.20. Mean parasitic burden was the highest in case of O. columbianum (29.91±2.00) followed by that of T. ovis (5.70±0.47), S. indicum (4.66±0.42), M. expansa (2.59±0.54) and M. benedeni (1.00±00). Prevalence of intestinal helminth was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in winter (100%) than that in summer (89.33%). Calculated odds ratio in between winter and summer was 18, which indicated that Black Bengal goats were 18 times more susceptible to helminth infection in winter. Parasitic burden was also higher in winter (41.53±3.15) than that in summer (25.52±2.57) season. Pathological lesions were observed in case of O. columbianum, T. ovis and S. indicum infection. In O. columbianum infection, hard, raised, slightly yellowish to greenish colored nodules measuring 0.25×0.50 cm were observed. Microscopically, it was characterized by catarrhal inflammation associated with destruction and desquamation of epithelial cells. Affected tissues were infiltrated chiefly with lymphocytes, macrophages, a few eosinophils and occasionally with plasma cells and neutrophils. Caseation and fibrous tissue proliferation were also noticed. But moderate infection with T. ovis was characterized by catarrhal inflammation along with the petechial haemorrhages on the intestinal mucosa where parasites were firmly attached. Histopathologically, it was characterized by destruction of lining epithelium of villi of caecum and colon along with the cellular infiltration predominantly with lymphocytes, few eosinophils and occasionally by macrophages. Lymph nodes of the lamina propria were enlarged. In case of S. indicum infection, haemorrhages were observed particularly on the rectal mucosa. Numerous eggs were found in the mucosal scraping from intestinal surface. Microscopically, lamina propria was thick and inflammed. Granulomatous response was observed which was characterized by the infiltration of epitheloid cells and proliferation of fibroblasts. The present study clearly suggests that Black Bengal goats are susceptible to intestinal helminths in both winter and summer seasons and most of the parasites recovered were associated with the production of variable degree of pathological lesions. That is why proper attempts should be made to control all these parasites. Key words: Prevalence, population dynamics, pathological effects, intestinal helminths, goat DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v5i1.1313 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2007). 5 (1 & 2): 63-69

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