Facilitation of Host Lymphoid Tissue Development in Neonatally Thymectomized Mice by Injection of Allogeneic Dispersed Thymus Cells

Nature ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 204 (4961) ◽  
pp. 850-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDMOND J. YUNIS ◽  
CARLOS MARTINEZ ◽  
JUNE SMITH ◽  
ROBERT A. GOOD
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Thymus Cells ◽  
Thymectomized Mice

scholarly journals Reciprocal regulation of lymphoid tissue development in the large intestine by IL-25 and IL-23

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
D S Donaldson ◽  
B M Bradford ◽  
D Artis ◽  
N A Mabbott
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Reciprocal Regulation

scholarly journals Nkx2-3—A Slippery Slope From Development Through Inflammation Toward Hematopoietic Malignancies

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117727191875748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dóra Vojkovics ◽  
Zoltán Kellermayer ◽  
Béla Kajtár ◽  
Giovanna Roncador ◽  
Áron Vincze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
Slippery Slope ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Gut Inflammation ◽  
Hematopoietic Malignancies

The development of peripheral lymphoid tissues from the mesoderm is the result of a complex convergence combining lymphohematopoietic differentiation with the local specification of nonhematopoietic mesenchymal components. Although the various transcriptional regulators with fate-determining effects in diversifying the mobile leukocyte subsets have been thoroughly studied and identified, the tissue-specific determinants promoting the regional differentiation of resident mesenchyme are less understood. Of these factors, various members of the NK-class Nkx paralogues have emerged as key regulators for the organogenesis of spleen and mucosal lymphoid tissues, and recent data have also indicated their involvement in various pathological events, including gut inflammation and hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we summarize available data on the roles of Nkx2-3 in lymphoid tissue development and discuss its possible value as a developmental marker and disease-associated pathogenic trait.

CD248/Endosialin is dynamically expressed on a subset of stromal cells during lymphoid tissue development, splenic remodeling and repair

FEBS Letters ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 581 (18) ◽  
pp. 3550-3556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siân Lax ◽  
Tie Zheng Hou ◽  
Eric Jenkinson ◽  
Mike Salmon ◽  
John R. MacFadyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Tissue Development

scholarly journals STUDIES ON IMMUNOLOGIC RECONSTITUTION OF THYMECTOMIZED MICE

1965 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond J. Yunis ◽  
Henry R. Hilgard ◽  
Carlos Martinez ◽  
Robert A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Thymus Cells ◽  
Thymectomized Mice

1. Immunologic function, growth, and longevity of neonatally thymectomized mice was restored by intraperitoneal administration of 100 to 400 million syngeneic, hemiallogeneic, or ailogeneic thymus cells from newborn or adult donors. Assays of the graft versus host capabilities of spleen cells from the animals restored with allogeneic cells showed that their immunologically competent cells are of donor histocompatibility characteristics. Such animals accepted skin grafts from mice of the cell donor strain, but rejected skin from a third strain. 2. Similar results were obtained when the neonatally thymectomized animals were treated with 10 to 100 million syngeneic, hemiallogeneic, or allogeneic cells from adult spleen. 3. In one strain combination, C3H recipients and A donors, injected thymus or spleen cells apparently attacked host tissues, since the animals died very early of wasting disease. When this combination was reversed, A strain recipients treated with C3H cells were reconstituted immunologically and physiologically. 4. Syngeneic or allogeneic adult spleen, grafted in the newborn period, reconstituted neonatally thymectomized mice, but all experiments involving grafting of newborn spleen failed. Immunogenetic analysis of the host spleen cells from two allogeneic spleen-grafted animals previously thymectomized showed that the reconstitution was entirely of donor histocompatibility characteristics. 5. Postthymectomy wasting disease was reversed by administration of 200 million adult syngeneic spleen or thymus cells. Immunologic recovery was confirmed by graft versus host assays of the spleens of the recovered animals and by application of allogeneic skin grafts. Some of the animals have been under observation for 42 weeks and appear to be normal. 6. The wasting syndrome in neonatally thymectomized mice was also reversed by injection of 200 million hemiallogeneic or allogeneic spleen cells. 7. Thymus grafts did not reverse wasting disease, whether the donors were adult or newborn, of the same strain or a different one. 8. Spleen, lymph node, and Peyer's patches from representative animals of the reconstituted groups were examined and compared with the tissues of untreated neonatally thymectomized mice and intact animals of the same strain. Tissues of normal cellularity and follicular organization were found in some of the reconstituted animals and also in mice with reversed wasting disease. Extreme deficit of the lymphoid tissues was rare in either group.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES UPON LYMPHOCYTES

1917 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alwin M. Pappenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Lymph Glands ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Thymus Cells

The work of previous investigators gives the impression that it is easy to produce sera which both in vitro and upon injection are leukotoxic. At the same time the specificity of these leukotoxic sera for the particular type of cell used as antigen, and even for leukocytes in general, has been doubtful. The methods used have made certain possible factors of error unavoidable. Even careful washing of an organ or suspension cannot render it wholly blood-free, so that it is not surprising that the sera should be moderately hemolytic and hemagglutinative. Pearce has shown that the injection of very small amounts of blood is sufficient to evoke the production of immune hemolysins. When such sera are injected the lesions, as Pearce states, may be due in part to the production of hemagglutinative thrombi, although this hardly seems to apply to the changes in lymphoid tissue described by Flexner. On the other hand, the lymphotoxic effect of hemolytic sera may be due to the lymphocytes injected with the red cells. Our own experiments indicate that the lymphotoxic and agglutinative factors are to a considerable degree distinct from the hemolytic and hemagglutinative ones, since they can be separated from one another by absorption. Further evidence is presented that the small thymus cells are biologically related to, if not identical with the lymphocytes derived from lymph glands.

scholarly journals Effect of α4β7 blockade on intestinal lymphocyte subsets and lymphoid tissue development

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1751-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihong Wang ◽  
Elyse K. Hanly ◽  
Leroy W. Wheeler ◽  
Manreet Kaur ◽  
Keely G. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Intestinal Lymphocyte

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF THE THYMUS IN IMMUNOBIOLOGY

1963 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 1089-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustin P. Dalmasso ◽  
Carlos Martinez ◽  
Kenneth Sjodin ◽  
Robert A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Thymic Tissue ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Thymus Tissue ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Thymus Cells ◽  
Thymectomized Mice

The immunologic competence of spleen cells of mice, as assessed by their graft versus host capabilities, increases to 35 days of age and beyond. Thymectomy at any point along this continuum of development produces "immunologic arrest;" the peripheral lymphoid tissues of such mice do not show significant increases in activity as the animals mature, nor is there appreciable loss of activity up to 6 months after surgery. Adult spleen cells from mice thymectomized at 1 to 24 hours of age have a greatly reduced ability to induce runt disease. Five million spleen cells from immunologically mature animals will uniformly cause fatal runt disease in neonatal recipients, but this same number of cells from neonatally thymectomized animals produces almost no runt disease. When the dosage of cells from neonatally thymectomized C57Bl mice is increased to 20 million, about half of the A recipients develop runt disease. Thus, the defect is a quantitative one. Spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized mice will induce tolerance of skin grafts from the donor strain. In one recalcitrant strain combination, C57Bl to A, use of spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized donors as the tolerance-inducing inoculum permits survival of the recipients, which usually die with severe runt disease, but does not induce tolerance. Cell free extracts of spleen and thymus tissue, including "promine" of Szent-Gyorgyi et al., did not affect the runting syndrome or the immunologic reactivity of neonatally thymectomized mice. When syngeneic thymic tissue is grafted into neonatally thymectomized mice, or the animals are given viable syngeneic spleen or thymus cells, the majority of the animals escape the early mortality characteristic of this group. Administration of syngeneic spleen cells from adult donors and grafting of syngeneic neonatal thymus provide restoration of homograft immunity and graft versus host reactivity of the peripheral lymphoid tissues in most of the neonatally thymectomized animals. Thymus cells rarely provide significant restoration of these parameters. Allogeneic thymus grafts also restore neonatally thymectomized mice. Such animals are chimeric: the immunologically competent cells of their peripheral lymphoid tissues are chiefly of host origin as determined by the discriminant spleen assay, but in many instances a significant donor component is also demonstrable in this system. These chimeric animals accept skin grafts from both donor and host strains. A degree of reconstitution has also been attained by grafting of allogeneic adult spleen in neonatally thymectomized animals. The discriminant spleen assay indicates that cells of the donor strain predominate in the peripheral lymphoid tissues of such mice.

scholarly journals THYMUS-DEPENDENT AREAS IN THE LYMPHOID ORGANS OF NEONATALLY THYMECTOMIZED MICE

1966 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine M. V. Parrott ◽  
Maria A. B. de Sousa ◽  
June East
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Cell Series ◽  
Thymus Cells ◽  
Thymectomized Mice

Specific areas of lymphocyte depletion, termed thymus-dependent areas, have been delineated in neonatally thymectomized C3H/Bi and F1 (C57BL x C3H/Bi) mice. They occur within the lymphoid follicles of the spleen immediately surrounding the central arterioles, and constitute the mid and deep cortical zones of the lymph nodes. These depleted areas appear in healthy thymectomized mice as early as 3 wk after operation but, in mice which survive for more than 6 to 7 wk, the thymus-dependent areas are repopulated by rapidly dividing pyroninophilic cells, the majority of which are immature plasma cells. Syngeneic thymus cells, labeled in vitro with tritiated adenosine localize preferentially in the thymus-dependent areas after intravenous injection. Similarly labeled spleen cells also accumulate in these areas but, in addition, are distributed at the periphery of splenic follicles and in the outer cortical zone of the lymph nodes. Many more spleen than thymus cells enter the lymphoid tissues and the spleen appears to be the primary target. The apparent paradox that syngeneic thymus cells are less efficient than spleen cells in restoring neonatally thymectomized mice to normality is discussed in the light of these results and possible routes by which the migrating cells could enter the lymphoid tissues are considered. The origin of the plasma cells which repopulate the lymphocyte depleted areas is also discussed. It is concluded that the normal thymus produces cells which contribute directly to the migratory or circulatory lymphocyte population but that there also exists another source of supply for the plasma cell series. These two systems may function synergistically so that the thymus may control, directly or indirectly, the balance of cell populations within the body.

Effect of implantation of xenogeneic lymphoid tissue on the immunologic reactivity of neonatally thymectomized mice

1973 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-535
Author(s):  
A. E. Vershigora ◽  
�. V. Lukach ◽  
Yu. A. Grinevich ◽  
V. N. Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Immunologic Reactivity ◽  
Thymectomized Mice
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