Fatty Acid Control of Ethane Production by Sub-cellular Particles from Apples and its Possible Relationship to Ethylene Biosynthesis

Nature ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 195 (4845) ◽  
pp. 1016-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LIEBERMAN ◽  
L. W. MAPSON
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Control ◽  
Ethane Production

scholarly journals Fatty acid control of growth of human cervical and endometrial cancer cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP Gleeson ◽  
M Ayub ◽  
JT Wright ◽  
CB Wood ◽  
NA Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Acid Control

Loss of fatty acid control of gluconeogenesis and PDH complex flux in adrenalectomized rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (4) ◽  
pp. E528-E536 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cipres ◽  
E. Urcelay ◽  
N. Butta ◽  
M. S. Ayuso ◽  
R. Parrilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Acid Control ◽  
Body Production ◽  
Rat Livers ◽  
Complex Flux ◽  
Dehydrogenase Complex

This work aimed to determine the role played by the adrenal gland in the fatty acid control of gluconeogenesis in isolated perfused rat livers. The gluconeogenic substrate concentration responses were not altered in adrenalectomized (ADX) rats. This observation indicates that glucocorticoids are not essential to maintain normal basal gluconeogenic rates. In contrast, fatty acid failed to stimulate gluconeogenesis from lactate and elicited attenuated stimulation with pyruvate as substrate in livers from ADX rats. Fatty acid-induced stimulation of respiration and ketone body production were similar in control and ADX rats. Thus the diminished responsiveness of the gluconeogenic pathway to fatty acid cannot be the result of different rates of energy production and/or generation of reducing power. Fatty acids did not inhibit pyruvate decarboxylation in livers from ADX rats. Even though mitochondria isolated from livers of ADX rats showed normal basal rates of pyruvate metabolism, fatty acids failed to inhibit pyruvate decarboxylation and the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. This novel observation of the glucocorticoid effect in controlling the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex responsiveness indicates that the mitochondrial partitioning of pyruvate between carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions may be altered in livers from ADX rats. We propose that the diminished effect of fatty acid in stimulating gluconeogenesis in livers from ADX rats is the result of a limited pyruvate availability for the carboxylase reaction due to a lack of inhibition of flux through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Associated with Apple Aroma Biosynthesis

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 977C-977
Author(s):  
Nobuko Sugimoto ◽  
Steve van Nocker ◽  
Schuyler Korban ◽  
Randy Beaudry
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Ester Formation ◽  
Ester Biosynthesis ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Acyl Coa Oxidase

A microarray containing over 10,000 gene fragments was used to link changes in gene expression with changes in aroma biosynthesis in ripening apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh). The microarray was probed with fluorescent-tagged cDNA derived from RNA extracted from `Jonagold' apple skin and cortex tissue representing eight distinct physiological stages spanning 70 days during ripening and senescence. The ripening stages, in chronological order, were: 1) early preclimacteric; 2) late preclimacteric and onset of trace ester biosynthesis; 3) onset of the autocatalytic ethylene and rapidly increasing ester biosynthesis; 4) half-maximal ester biosynthesis and engagement of the respiratory climacteric; 5) near maximal ester biosynthesis, peak in respiratory activity, and the onset of rapid tissue softening; 6) maximal ester biosynthesis prior to its decline, the conclusion of the respiratory climacteric, and the completion of tissue softening; 7) midpoint in the decline in ester biosynthesis and maximal ethylene biosynthesis; and 8) postclimacteric minimum in ester production. Patterns in gene expression reflecting the rise and fall in ester formation were found in some putative genes for beta-oxidation (acyl-CoA oxidase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, and acetyl-CoA acetyl transferase), ester formation (aminotransferase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and alcohol acyl transferase), and fatty acid oxidation (lipoxygenase), but not fatty acid biosynthetic genes. A marked decline coinciding with the onset of ester production was detected in several putative genes for ADH.

Role of Ethylene in the Biosynthesis of Fatty Acid-Derived Volatiles in Tomato Fruits

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 937-950
Author(s):  
Yuan Hong Xie ◽  
Hong Yan Gao ◽  
Yun Bo Luo ◽  
Hong Xing Zhang ◽  
Xiang Ning Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Hydroperoxide Lyase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Aroma Volatiles ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene

Regulation of ethylene biosynthesis or action has an important effect on volatiles production in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruits. To understand the role of ethylene in the biosynthesis of fatty acid-derived aroma volatiles in tomato, we used Lichun tomato from a transgenic line with strictly suppression of ethylene biosynthesis (antisenseLeACS2tomato) and its wild type background line. This study was focused on the levels of the precursor substrates, activities and transcriptional levels of aroma volatile-related enzymes, including lipoxygenase (LOX), hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). We also investigated the different abilities of converting the precursor substrates to aroma volatiles in ethylene suppressed transgenic and wild-type (WT) tomato fruits. Our results showed that the contents of endogenous linoleic and linolenic acid in tomato fruits were ethylene depended. Suppression of ethylene biosynthesis increased the content of endogenous linolenic acid inLichuntomato fruit and then declined the ratio of linoleic /linolenic acid. Exogenous ethylene changed the value of linoleic acid /linolenic acid in antisenseLeACS2(ACS) tomato fruit to the similar level of WT. During the ripening of wild type Lichun tomato fruit, LOX activity was ethylene and development dependent. Suppression of ethylene biosynthesis did not inhibit the transcriptional expression ofLoxCgene. And the HPL and ADH activities were partial ethylene-dependent during the ripening of wild typeLichuntomato fruit. Moreover, suppression of ethylene biosynthesis also affected the bioconversion of unsaturated-fatty acid precursors to C6 aldehydes and C6 alcohols. All these results indicated that ethylene had complicated effects on the biosynthesis of fatty acid-derived armoa volatiles by affecting the precursor’s content, enzyme activities, enzyme expression and the substrate utilization.

Fatty acid control of nitric oxide production by macrophages

FEBS Letters ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 580 (13) ◽  
pp. 3287-3295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Martins de Lima ◽  
Larissa de Sa Lima ◽  
Cristoforo Scavone ◽  
Rui Curi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Acid Control

Fatty acid control of cyclic AMP levels inNeurospora crassa

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Martin L. Pall ◽  
Carla K. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Acid Control ◽  
Inneurospora Crassa

scholarly journals Electrolyte Leakage and Evolution of Ethylene and Ethane from Pepper Leaf Disks Following Temperature Stress and Fatty Acid Infiltration

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta K. Nanaiah ◽  
Jeffrey A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Ethane Production ◽  
Leaf Disks

Electrolyte leakage (EL) and ethane: ethylene ratio (EER) responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. `Early Calwonder') leaf disks to temperature stresses were in close agreement. Midpoints of sigmoidal response curves following freezing stress were -4.6 and -4.4C for EL and EER, respectively, and 49.0 and 48.7C following high-temperature stress. Leaf disks exposed to temperatures below -4C in freezing experiments were induced to freeze while disks held at -4C and higher avoided freezing by supercooling. Evolution of ethane and EL were measured from disks infiltrated with a saturation series of 18-C fatty acids ranging from 0 to 3 double bonds. Only cis-9,12,15 linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) stimulated ethane production and EL. In a second fatty acid experiment with 18 and 20-C acids with a double bond 3 (n-3) or 6 (n-6) carbons from the nonpolar end of the molecule, n-3 fatty acids stimulated more ethane than n-6 acids with the same number of carbons. Trienoic 18-C fatty acids stimulated more ethane than trienoic 20-C acids. Both 18-C trienoic acids yielded significantly greater EL, while values from 20-C fatty acids were only slightly higher than those of controls. Propyl gallate, a free radical scavenger, reduced ethane production without decreasing EL or K+ leakage.

scholarly journals Fatty acid control of lipoprotein lipase: a link between energy metabolism and lipid transport.

1990 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 909-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peterson ◽  
B. E. Bihain ◽  
G. Bengtsson-Olivecrona ◽  
R. J. Deckelbaum ◽  
Y. A. Carpentier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipid Transport ◽  
Acid Control ◽  
Lipase A

scholarly journals ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE AND EVOLUTION OF ETHYLENE AND ETHANE FROM PEPPER LEAF DISKS FOLLOWING TEMPERATURE STRESS AND FATTY ACID INFILTRATION

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 683a-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta K. Nanaiah ◽  
Jeffrey A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Ethane Production ◽  
Carbon Acids ◽  
Leaf Disks

Electrolyte leakage (EL) and ethane:ethylene ratio (EER) responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Early Calwonder) leaf disks to temperature stresses were in close agreement. Midpoints of sigmoidal response curves following freezing stress were -4.6 and -4.4C for EL and EER, and 49.0 and 48.8C following high temperature stress. Evolution of ethane and EL were measured from disks infiltrated with a saturation series of 18-carbon fatty acids ranging from 0 to 3 double bonds. Only linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) stimulated ethane production and EL. In a second fatty acid experiment with 18- and 20-carbon acids with a double bond 3 (n-3) or 6 (n-6) carbons from the nonpolar end of the molecule, n-3 fatty acids stimulated more ethane than n-6 acids with the same number of carbons. Trienoic 18-carbon fatty acids stimulated more ethane than trienoic 20-carbon acids. Both 18-carbon acids yielded significantly greater EL than controls. Propyl gallate, a free radical scavenger, reduced ethane production without decreasing EL or K+ leakage.

Temperature Dependence of the Critical Electron Dose for Fatty Acid Monolayers

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Strong Temperature Dependence ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Covalent Bonds

The structural damage of molecules irradiated by electrons is generally considered to occur in two steps. The direct result of inelastic scattering events is the disruption of covalent bonds. Following changes in bond structure, movement of the constituent atoms produces permanent distortions of the molecules. Since at least the second step should show a strong temperature dependence, it was to be expected that cooling a specimen should extend its lifetime in the electron beam. This result has been found in a large number of experiments, but the degree to which cooling the specimen enhances its resistance to radiation damage has been found to vary widely with specimen types.

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