γ-Amino-Butyric Acid and β-Alanine in Plant Tissues: Amino-Acids of the Apple Fruit

Nature ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 165 (4201) ◽  
pp. 716-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. HULME ◽  
W. ARTHINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid

Changes in amino acid compounds of wheat plants during ensiling and aerobic exposure: the influence of propionic acid and urea phosphate-calcium propionate

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ashbell ◽  
H. H. Theune ◽  
D. Sklan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Urea Phosphate ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Calcium Propionate

SummaryChanges in distribution of amino acid nitrogen of chopped wheat plants ensiled at shooting and flowering when wilted, and at the milk and dough stages as fresh material, were determined as affected by addition of 0·8% propionic acid (PrA) or 2·2% urea phosphate-calcium propionate (UP-CaPr). Analyses were carried out after an ensiling period of 90 days and after a further aerobic exposure period (AE) of 7 days.Total amino acid (TAA) contents in the dry matter (D.M.) during the fermentation period and in the AE were stable in untreated material (UM) and treated material. Concentration of essential amino acids decreased during fermentation, this decrease being higher in the UM. The free amino acids were low in the fresh material (18·6% of TAA) but increased in the ensiled material to ca. 71 % of the TAA in the silage. In the AE this level was 63% in UM and 69% in treated material. The ammonia-N contents increased during fermentation in UM and especially in the UP-CaPr treatments, while the opposite occurred in the PrA treatments.The concentrations of and changes in 21 amino acids (AAs) are given. The highest AA concentrations recorded in the fresh material were those of arginine, lysine, glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, proline and glycine. The most marked increments in AAs as a result of fermentation were those of ornithine, γ-amino butyric acid, threonine and methionine. Marked decreases were observed in glutamine, arginine and glutamic acid. PrA increased mainly arginine, asparagine and glutamine, whereas γ-amino butyric acid decreased; UP-CaPr increased arginine, asparagine, lysine and glutamic acid (in silage only) and reduced γ-amino butyric acid and glutamine (in AE only).

Free Amino Acids in Human Tonsillar Tissue

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Doi ◽  
Akikatsu Kataura
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Pathological Conditions

Abstract Free amino acids in the tonsils of 20 individuals were measured column chromatographically. Those always found in readily detectable amounts included O-phosphoserine, taurine, O-phosphoethanolamine, aspartic acid, hydroxyproline, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, α-amino-n-butyric acid, valine, cystine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, ornithine, γ-amino-butyric acid, lysine, histidine, and arginine. Results were compared for three clinical pathological groups and for four age groups. Some abnormal values may result from the pathological conditions.

Effect of nonessential amino acids on phagostimulation and maintenance of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2224-2229 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Srivastava ◽  
J. L. Auclair ◽  
U. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Prolonged Survival ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Sucrose Solutions ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acids

Eleven nonessential amino acids and amides, at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1.0% in 35% sucrose solutions, were individually tested for their role in phagostimulation, growth, and survival in Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Alanine and -γ-amino butyric acid were generally phagostimulatory, whereas asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine were generally inhibitory. Asparagine, glutamic acid, glycine, and proline supported growth and prolonged survival; aspartic acid and tyrosine increased weight but did not prolong survival, and alanine, -γ-amino butyric acid, cystine, cysteine, and serine neither promoted growth nor prolonged survival.

The free amino-acids present in fresh and in fermented marrow stem kale

1954 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish Robertson ◽  
A. John G. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Partial Sterilization

1. An investigation has been made into the changes that take place in the free amino-acid pattern when kale-water slurries are allowed to ferment under conditions of (a) aeration, (b) anaerobiasis and (c) partial sterilization with sulphur dioxide.2. It has been found that, with aerated mixtures, the loss of free amino-acids is virtually complete within 2 weeks, while there is only a slight loss with the anaerobic mixtures. With mixtures containing sulphur dioxide no loss of amino-acids occur.3. The formation of α-amino butyric acid possibly from threonine has been noted.

γ-Amino-butyric Acid and Other Free Amino-acids in the Coconut

Nature ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 178 (4547) ◽  
pp. 1403-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. BAPTIST
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid

AMINO ACID ANALYSES OF THE SPECIES IN THE GENUS GOSSYPIUM

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Sarvella ◽  
B. J. Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Dna Base ◽  
Protein Amino Acids

The free and protein amino acid patterns present in the leaves of the species of the genus Gossy pium were determined. The presence or absence of the free amino acids except for glycine and γ-amino butyric acid did not appear to be of value for separation of the species. However, the patterns of the protein amino acids varied between the genomes, and seemed to separate the species. These patterns were separated into groups similar to those found for the DNA-base ratios and the cytotaxonomic grouping of the species.

Free Amino Acids in Grand Fir Needles and the Effects of Different Forms of Foliar-applied Nitrogen

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roderick Carrow
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

Needles of grand fir, Abiesgrandis (Dougl.) Lindl., were analyzed to determine: (1) how various forms of nitrogen fertilizer affect amino acid composition, and (2) whether amino acids in the needles differ from those in stem bark (determined in a previous study). Young grand fir were grown in a shadehouse and free amino acids were analyzed four times from May to August, using thin-layer electrophoresis and chromatography. The effects of foliar-applied nitrogen fertilizer on needle amino acids depended on the form of nitrogen. Urea or ammonium nitrate promoted large increases in arginine, glutamine, alanine, lysine, and γ-amino butyric acid, whereas calcium nitrate caused smaller increases. The occurrence of several trace amino acids also varied with the form of nitrogen. Comparison of needle amino acids with those in the stem of unfertilized trees revealed that levels of total amino nitrogen, arginine, glutamic acid, and glutamine were much greater in the stem bark than in the needles, but levels of γ-amino butyric acid and alanine were higher in needles. Traces of aspartic acid, ornithine, and tyrosine were found in the needles, but not in the stem.

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