Free Amino Acids in Grand Fir Needles and the Effects of Different Forms of Foliar-applied Nitrogen

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roderick Carrow
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

Needles of grand fir, Abiesgrandis (Dougl.) Lindl., were analyzed to determine: (1) how various forms of nitrogen fertilizer affect amino acid composition, and (2) whether amino acids in the needles differ from those in stem bark (determined in a previous study). Young grand fir were grown in a shadehouse and free amino acids were analyzed four times from May to August, using thin-layer electrophoresis and chromatography. The effects of foliar-applied nitrogen fertilizer on needle amino acids depended on the form of nitrogen. Urea or ammonium nitrate promoted large increases in arginine, glutamine, alanine, lysine, and γ-amino butyric acid, whereas calcium nitrate caused smaller increases. The occurrence of several trace amino acids also varied with the form of nitrogen. Comparison of needle amino acids with those in the stem of unfertilized trees revealed that levels of total amino nitrogen, arginine, glutamic acid, and glutamine were much greater in the stem bark than in the needles, but levels of γ-amino butyric acid and alanine were higher in needles. Traces of aspartic acid, ornithine, and tyrosine were found in the needles, but not in the stem.

Free Amino Acids in Human Tonsillar Tissue

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Doi ◽  
Akikatsu Kataura
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Pathological Conditions

Abstract Free amino acids in the tonsils of 20 individuals were measured column chromatographically. Those always found in readily detectable amounts included O-phosphoserine, taurine, O-phosphoethanolamine, aspartic acid, hydroxyproline, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, α-amino-n-butyric acid, valine, cystine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, ornithine, γ-amino-butyric acid, lysine, histidine, and arginine. Results were compared for three clinical pathological groups and for four age groups. Some abnormal values may result from the pathological conditions.

The free amino-acids present in fresh and in fermented marrow stem kale

1954 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish Robertson ◽  
A. John G. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Partial Sterilization

1. An investigation has been made into the changes that take place in the free amino-acid pattern when kale-water slurries are allowed to ferment under conditions of (a) aeration, (b) anaerobiasis and (c) partial sterilization with sulphur dioxide.2. It has been found that, with aerated mixtures, the loss of free amino-acids is virtually complete within 2 weeks, while there is only a slight loss with the anaerobic mixtures. With mixtures containing sulphur dioxide no loss of amino-acids occur.3. The formation of α-amino butyric acid possibly from threonine has been noted.

γ-Amino-butyric Acid and Other Free Amino-acids in the Coconut

Nature ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 178 (4547) ◽  
pp. 1403-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. BAPTIST
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid

AMINO ACID ANALYSES OF THE SPECIES IN THE GENUS GOSSYPIUM

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Sarvella ◽  
B. J. Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Dna Base ◽  
Protein Amino Acids

The free and protein amino acid patterns present in the leaves of the species of the genus Gossy pium were determined. The presence or absence of the free amino acids except for glycine and γ-amino butyric acid did not appear to be of value for separation of the species. However, the patterns of the protein amino acids varied between the genomes, and seemed to separate the species. These patterns were separated into groups similar to those found for the DNA-base ratios and the cytotaxonomic grouping of the species.

The effect of starvation and low nitrogen intakes on the concentration of free amino acids in the blood plasma and on the nitrogen metabolism in sheep

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 723 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Leibholz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Crossbred wethers were given a control diet (8 g nitrogen, 730 g dry matter daily) or a low nitrogen diet (0.5 g nitrogen, 520 g dry matter daily) or starved, for a 12 or 20 day experimental period. The concentrations of free serine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, histidine, and arginine in the plasma of the starved sheep decreased significantly while the concentrations of lysine, 3-methylhistidine, and isoleucine increased significantly. The ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids increased from 0.35 to 0.56 in the starved sheep. In sheep on the low nitrogen diet, the ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids in the plasma decreased from 0.40 to 0.27, with significant increases in the concentrations of glutanlic acid, glutamine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, and 3-methylhistidine. Starvation and the low nitrogen diet both resulted in a reduction of the plasma urea concentrations. Starvation and the low nitrogen diet resulted in a 20-50 % reduction in the flow of saliva and a 40-78% increase in the concentration of total nitrogen. This resulted in no significant change in the daily secretion of nitrogen in the saliva. The concentration of urea in the saliva was increased by 3-54%. The concentrations of individual free amino acids in saliva are reported. The nitrogen content of the rumen was reduced, and after 7 days of starvation or on the low nitrogen diet all rumen nitrogen could be attributed to ammonia and free �-amino nitrogen.

The costs of cell volume regulation: protein metabolism during hyperosmotic adjustment

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. S. Hawkins ◽  
T. J. Hilbish
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Volume Regulation ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Cell Volume Regulation ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Metabolic Pool

To resolve the sources of amino nitrogen which is accumulated as intracellular solute during hyperosmotic volume regulation, components of protein metabolism were monitored during compensation for a change from 15 to 30% salinity in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis L. Net solute gain stemmed primarily from a marked reduction in total output from the metabolic pool of free amino acids, most of this ‘saving’ resulting from slower whole-body protein synthesis, and the remainder from lower nitrogenous excretion. Indeed, total inputs to the metabolic pool of free amino acids actually decreased over the period of net solute gain at 30%. Associated contributions from dietary assimilation, de novo synthesis and the direct uptake of dissolved amino acids were each negligible, indicating that breakdown products from endogenous body protein were the only significant source of amino nitrogen accumulated during hyperosmotic regulation. This accumulation represented more than 3% of soft-tissue protein nitrogen within the whole animal. We therefore impress that the excretion, during hyposaline adjustment, of all nitrogen previously accumulated as solute in response to equivalent hypersaline change, represents a major component cost of cell volume regulation, and which helps to explain stress and even mortality consequent upon what may be small but frequent fluctuations of salinity.

Biotechnological Aspects of obtaining Functional Ingredients by the Conversion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 985-Т Biomass

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
L.V. Rimareva ◽  
M.B. Overchenko ◽  
N.I. Ignatova ◽  
N.V. Shelekhova ◽  
N.S. Pogorzhelskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Amine Nitrogen ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

An algorithm for the biocatalytic conversion of polymers of subcellular structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 985-T has been developed. It was shown that the action of enzymes on cell wall mannoproteins and (3-glucans led to deformation of their structure and the transfer of more than 50% of polysaccharides to a soluble state with the formation of 13.4% reducing carbohydrates, 1.8% amine nitrogen and 7.7% free amino acids (biological-1). Biological-2 had an increased content of total carbohydrates (32.2%) and fiber (10.5%). It was found that the combined action of the complex of proteinases and peptidases contributed to an increase in the degree of hydrolysis of subcellular structures, which was accompanied by a growth of the content of amino nitrogen by 2.7 times, free amino acids by 3.1 times, and low-molecular peptides (up to 500 Da) by 3.5 times (biological-3). The obtained biologicals were characterized by a high content of phosphorus and potassium. It was shown that the use of enzyme systems that catalyze the hydrolysis of intracellular polymers in yeast biomass allows us to obtain products with different biochemical and structural-fractional composition, which determines their properties. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, enzymes, structural-fractional composition, functional ingredients The work was carried out at the expense of the subsidy for the implementation of the State Task.

A SIMPLE ULTRAMICROMETHOD FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF AMINO ACIDS BY PAPER PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques L. Auclair ◽  
Robert Dubreuil
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
New Method ◽  
Partition Chromatography

A new ultramicromethod for the quantitative estimation of amino acids by paper partition chromatography is described. The material required and the procedure adopted are detailed. As an application of this new method, a quantitative estimation of the free amino acids present in the blood of the last larval instar of Galleria mellonella (L.) is presented. The results obtained, when converted into total amino nitrogen, compare favorably with total amino nitrogen results already published in the literature.

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