scholarly journals The Nature of Manual Dexterity and its Relation to Vocational Testing

Nature ◽  
1928 ◽  
Vol 121 (3054) ◽  
pp. 773-774
Author(s):  
T. H. PEAR ◽  
J. N. LANGDON ◽  
EDNA M. YATES
Keyword(s):  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Vocational Testing

scholarly journals Differences on Motor Competence in 4-Year-Old Boys and Girls Regarding the Quarter of Birth: Is There a Relative Age Effect?

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Rubén Navarro-Patón ◽  
Víctor Arufe-Giráldez ◽  
Alberto Sanmiguel-Rodríguez ◽  
Marcos Mecías-Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Movement Assessment ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Total Test

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences on motor competence between boys and girls aged 4 years old and investigate the existence of Relative Age Effect on their motor competence. In total, 132 preschool children were evaluated, of whom 60 (45.50%) were girls and 72 (54.5%) were boys. The distribution of the participants was from quarter 1 [n = 28 (21.2%)], quarter 2 [n = 52 (39.4%)], quarter 3 [n = 24 (18.2%)], and quarter 4 [(n = 28 (21.2%)], respectively. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) was used to collect the data. The data show the main effects on quarter of birth factor in manual dexterity (MD; p < 0.001), in aiming and catching (A&C; p < 0.001), in balance (Bal; p < 0.001) and in total test score (TTS; p < 0.001). There are also statistical differences on gender factor in MD (p < 0.001) and in TTS (p = 0.031). A significant effect was also found in the interaction between two factors (gender and quarter of birth) in MD (p < 0.001), A&C (p < 0.001), and Bal (p < 0.001). There are differences in all the variables studied according to the quarter of birth and only in manual dexterity and in the total score if compared according to gender (the scores are higher in girls).

The Use of Computers to Simulate Animal Preparations in the Teaching of Practical Pharmacology

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-213
Author(s):  
I.E. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Teaching Objectives ◽  
Animal Preparation

Summary The teaching objectives of practical pharmacology classes are defined as being: 1. illustration and exemplification of drug effects; 2. acquisition of general laboratory skills and manual dexterity; 3. acquisition of specific skills required in practical pharmacology, and 4. development of a flexible and self-reliant approach to practical work. The properties of a typical computer simulation of an animal preparation are described and the ability of simulations to help students attain the above teaching objectives is discussed. It is concluded that simulations can help students achieve some of these teaching objectives and could be used extensively instead of animals for some, but not all, groups of students. Lack of cost-effectiveness and the restricted availability of suitable computer programs are major reasons why simulations are not used widely in areas where they could help students attain appropriate teaching objectives.

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